导入包
import torch
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import torch.optim as optim
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")
%matplotlib inline
观察数据
features=pd.read_csv('temps.csv')
features.head()
OUT:
print('数据维度:',features.shape)
OUT: 数据维度: (348, 9)
时间数据格式转换:方便可视化以及其他操作
import datetime
years=features['year']
months=features['month']
days=features['day']
#datetime格式
dates=[str(int(year))+'-'+str(int(month))+'-'+str(int(day)) for year,month,day in zip(years,months,days)]
dates=[datetime.datetime.strptime(date,'%Y-%m-%d') for date in dates]
date[0:5]
OUT:
数据可视化
# 准备画图
# 指定默认风格
plt.style.use('fivethirtyeight')
# 设置布局
fig, ((ax1, ax2), (ax3, ax4)) = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2, figsize = (10,10))
fig.autofmt_xdate(rotation = 45)
# 标签值
ax1.plot(dates, features['actual'])
ax1.set_xlabel(''); ax1.set_ylabel('Temperature'); ax1.set_title('Max Temp')
# 昨天
ax2.plot(dates, features['temp_1'])
ax2.set_xlabel(''); ax2.set_ylabel('Temperature'); ax2.set_title('Previous Max Temp')
# 前天
ax3.plot(dates, features['temp_2'])
ax3.set_xlabel('Date'); ax3.set_ylabel('Temperature'); ax3.set_title('Two Days Prior Max Temp')
# 我的逗逼朋友
ax4.plot(dates, features['friend'])
ax4.set_xlabel('Date'); ax4.set_ylabel('Temperature'); ax4.set_title('Friend Estimate')
plt.tight_layout(pad=2)
OUT:
数据中week一列是字符,进行独热编码转换成数值得形式
#独热编码
features=pd.get_dummies(features)
features.head(5)
OUT:
处理数据:设置标签与特征,标准化之后数据收敛会更快一些
#定义标签
labels=np.array(features['actual'])
#在特征中去掉标签
features=features.drop('actual',axis=1)
#名字单独保存
feature_list=list(features.columns)
#转换成合适得格式
features=np.array(features)
#数据处理标准化
from sklearn import preprocessing
input_features=preprocessing.StandardScaler().fit_transform(features)
构建网络模型:
input_size=input_features.shape[1]
hidden_size=128
output_size=1
batch_size=16
my_nn=torch.nn.Sequential(
torch.nn.Linear(input_size,hidden_size),
torch.nn.Sigmoid(),
torch.nn.Linear(hidden_size,output_size),
)
cost=torch.nn.MSELoss(reduction='mean')
optimizer=torch.optim.Adam(my_nn.parameters(),lr=0.001)
#训练网络
losses=[]
for i in range(1000):
batch_loss=[]
#MINI-batch方法来进行训练
for start in range(0,len(input_features),batch_size):
end=start+batch_size if start+batch_size<len(input_features) else len(input_features)
xx=torch.tensor(input_features[start:end],dtype=torch.float,requires_grad=True)
yy=torch.tensor(labels[start:end],dtype=torch.float,requires_grad=True)
prediction=my_nn(xx)
loss=cost(prediction,yy)
optimizer.zero_grad()
loss.backward(retain_graph=True)
optimizer.step()
batch_loss.append(loss.data.numpy())
if i%100==0:
losses.append(np.mean(batch_loss))
print(i,np.mean(batch_loss))
OUT:
预测训练结果
#预测值
x=torch.tensor(input_features,dtype=torch.float)
predict=my_nn(x).data.numpy()
# 转换日期格式
dates = [str(int(year)) + '-' + str(int(month)) + '-' + str(int(day)) for year, month, day in zip(years, months, days)]
dates = [datetime.datetime.strptime(date, '%Y-%m-%d') for date in dates]
# 创建一个表格来存日期和其对应的标签数值
true_data = pd.DataFrame(data = {'date': dates, 'actual': labels})
# 同理,再创建一个来存日期和其对应的模型预测值
months = features[:, feature_list.index('month')]
days = features[:, feature_list.index('day')]
years = features[:, feature_list.index('year')]
test_dates = [str(int(year)) + '-' + str(int(month)) + '-' + str(int(day)) for year, month, day in zip(years, months, days)]
test_dates = [datetime.datetime.strptime(date, '%Y-%m-%d') for date in test_dates]
predictions_data = pd.DataFrame(data = {'date': test_dates, 'prediction': predict.reshape(-1)})
# 真实值
plt.plot(true_data['date'], true_data['actual'], 'b-', label = 'actual')
# 预测值
plt.plot(predictions_data['date'], predictions_data['prediction'], 'ro', label = 'prediction')
plt.xticks(rotation = '60');
plt.legend()
# 图名
plt.xlabel('Date'); plt.ylabel('Maximum Temperature (F)'); plt.title('Actual and Predicted Values');
总结:这是一个简单用pytorch构建一个最简单神经网络得例子,用于熟悉pytorch代码编写