工厂模式加策略模式在电商促销系统中的实践运用

在电商系统中有多种促销活动，比如满减、打折、返现等，而每种促销活动都有不同的计算逻辑。我们可以使用工厂模式来创建不同类型的促销策略对象，并使用策略模式来根据用户选择的促销类型执行相应的促销计算。下面直接上代码.

1.定义策略接口（Strategy Interface）：PaymentStrategy.java 

public interface PromotionStrategy {
    double applyPromotion(double price);
}

2.实现策略接口(折扣策略）：CreditCardPayment.java 

public class DiscountPromotion implements PromotionStrategy {
    private double discount;

    public DiscountPromotion(double discount) {
        this.discount = discount;
    }

    @Override
    public double applyPromotion(double price) {
        return price * (1 - discount);
    }
}

3.实现策略接口（满减策略）：FullReductionPromotion.java

public class FullReductionPromotion implements PromotionStrategy {
    private double threshold;
    private double reduction;

    public FullReductionPromotion(double threshold, double reduction) {
        this.threshold = threshold;
        this.reduction = reduction;
    }

    @Override
    public double applyPromotion(double price) {
        return price >= threshold ? price - reduction : price;
    }
}

 4.定义工厂类（Factory）：PromotionFactory.java

public class PromotionFactory {
    public static PromotionStrategy createPromotionStrategy(String promotionType) {
        switch (promotionType) {
            case "discount":
                return new DiscountPromotion(0.2); // 20% discount
            case "full_reduction":
                return new FullReductionPromotion(100, 30); // If total price >= 100, reduce 30
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown promotion type: " + promotionType);
        }
    }
}

5.测试代码

public class FactoryAndStrategyDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String promotionType = "discount"; // or "full_reduction"
        double totalPrice = 150;

        PromotionStrategy promotionStrategy = PromotionFactory.createPromotionStrategy(promotionType);
        double finalPrice = promotionStrategy.applyPromotion(totalPrice);

        System.out.println("Promotion Type: " + promotionType);
        System.out.println("Total Price: $" + totalPrice);
        System.out.println("Final Price after Promotion: $" + finalPrice);
    }
}

在这个示例中，工厂模式（PromotionFactory）负责创建不同类型的促销策略对象，策略模式（PromotionStrategy）则定义了促销计算的接口。客户端代码根据用户选择的促销类型使用工厂创建相应的策略对象，并通过策略对象执行促销计算，无需关心具体的促销逻辑，实现了代码的解耦和灵活性。

有的朋友可能会注意到,多种折扣可能会互相叠加使用, 像下面这样,这时代码就又不优雅了. 

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        double totalPrice = 150;
        PromotionStrategy discountStrategy = PromotionFactory.createPromotionStrategy("discount");
        PromotionStrategy fullReductionStrategy = PromotionFactory.createPromotionStrategy("full_reduction");
        double tempPrice = discountStrategy.applyPromotion(totalPrice);
        double finalPrice = fullReductionStrategy.applyPromotion(tempPrice);
        System.out.println("Total Price: $" + totalPrice);
        System.out.println("Final Price after Promotion: $" + finalPrice);
    }

这种情况我们可以考虑用建造者模式去改造代码(未完待续)