Servlet获取对象
文章目录
前言
使用Servlet将后端数据传回前端显示
一、Servlet获取一个对象
1.创建getOne.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html" charset="UTF-8">
<title>用AJAX的方式获取提交的数据</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-3.5.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="获取对象" id="sender">
<div id="messageDiv"></div>
<script>
//解析后端传过来的数据并显示在id为messageDiv的div中
$('#sender').click(function () {
var url = "getOneServlet";
$.post(
url,
function (data) {
var json = JSON.parse(data);
var name = json.person.name;
var id = json.person.id;
$("#messageDiv").html("名字:" + name + "<br>账号:" + id);
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
2.创建GetOneServlet
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet(name = "GetOneServlet")
//Servlet获取一个对象
public class GetOneServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
Person person = new Person();
person.setName("张三");
person.setId(12345);
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
json.put("person",JSONObject.fromObject(person));
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
response.getWriter().print(json);//将json数据以流的形式输出到前端
}
}
3.配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SubmitServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>SubmitServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SubmitServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/submitServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>GetOneServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>GetOneServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>GetOneServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/getOneServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<web-app>
二、Servlet获取多个对象
1.创建getMany.html
代码如下(示例):
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html" charset="UTF-8">
<title>用AJAX以JSON的形式获取数据</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-3.5.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="获取多个对象" id="sender">
<div id="messageDiv"></div>
<!--post通过url获取后端传回的数据,然后通过parseJSON解析传回的json数据并显示在页面上-->
<script>
$('#sender').click(function (){
var url="getManyServlet";
$.post(
url,
function (data){
var persons = $.parseJSON(data);
for(i in persons){
var old = $("#messageDiv").html();
var person = persons[i];
$("#messageDiv").html(old+"<br>"+person.name+":"+person.id);
}
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
2.创建GetManyServlet
代码如下(示例):
import net.sf.json.JSONSerializer;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@WebServlet(name = "GetManyServlet")
//创建多个对象,通过JSONSerializer的toSON将list集合序列化为JSON并传给前端
public class GetManyServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
List<Person> list = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Person person = new Person();
person.setName("name" + i);
person.setId(1234 + i);
list.add(person);
}
//JSONSerializer:提供将对象或值类型序列化为 JSON 以及将 JSON 反序列化为对象或值类型的功能。
String result = JSONSerializer.toJSON(list).toString();
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
response.getWriter().print(result);
}
}
3.配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SubmitServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>SubmitServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SubmitServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/submitServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>GetOneServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>GetOneServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>GetOneServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/getOneServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>GetManyServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>GetManyServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>GetManyServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/getManyServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
总结
Servlet创建一个对象:访问http://localhost:8080/SubmitServlet/getOne.html,通过url访问GetOneServlet,然后将后端的数据以json流的形式输出到前端,前端通过post解析后端传过来的json数据并显示
Servlet创建多个对象:访问http://localhost:8080/SubmitServlet/getMany.html通过url访问GetManyServlet,GetManyServlet中使用JSONSerializer将提供的list对象序列化为JSON提交至前端,前端通过遍历解析的persons对象将后端数据全部显示