R studio Shiny (1)

1. Basic information

1.1 Shiny layout

 布局主要分成三部分，如下图： 

library(shiny)

# Define UI ----
ui <- fluidPage(
  titlePanel("title panel"),

  sidebarLayout(
    sidebarPanel("sidebar panel"),
    mainPanel("main panel")
  )
)

# Define server logic ----
server <- function(input, output) {
  
}

# Run the app ----
shinyApp(ui = ui, server = server)

1.2  Formatted Text

文本的格式

 

1.3  Control Widgets

一些控件

 

1.4 Output

 一些输出

2. Examples

shiny 包里面自带很多案例，可以通过代码调用：

library(shiny)
runExample("01_hello")

2.1 01_hello

可以改变直方图的bins

library(shiny)

# Define UI for app that draws a histogram ----
ui <- fluidPage(

  # App title ----App名称
  titlePanel("Hello Shiny!"),

  # Sidebar layout with input and output definitions ----侧边栏布局
  sidebarLayout(

    # Sidebar panel for inputs ----输入侧边栏布局
    sidebarPanel(

      # Input: Slider for the number of bins ----sliderInput是一个滑动控件
      sliderInput(inputId = "bins",#给输入起的名称
                  label = "Number of bins:",#输入显示的名称
                  min = 1,
                  max = 50,
                  value = 30)#value表示默认值

    ),

    # Main panel for displaying outputs ----输出侧边栏布局
    mainPanel(

      # Output: Histogram ----直方图
      plotOutput(outputId = "distPlot")#distPlot是给输出的直方图起的名称，方便之后调用

    )
  )
)

# Define server logic required to draw a histogram ----
server <- function(input, output) {

  # Histogram of the Old Faithful Geyser Data ----
  # with requested number of bins
  # This expression that generates a histogram is wrapped in a call
  # to renderPlot to indicate that:
  #
  # 1. It is "reactive" and therefore should be automatically
  #    re-executed when inputs (input$bins) change
  # 2. Its output type is a plot
  output$distPlot <- renderPlot({

    x    <- faithful$waiting#输入值
    bins <- seq(min(x), max(x), length.out = input$bins + 1)#划分bins

    hist(x, breaks = bins, col = "#75AADB", border = "white",
         xlab = "Waiting time to next eruption (in mins)",
         main = "Histogram of waiting times")#绘制直方图

    })

}

 

2.2 02_text

library(shiny)

# Define UI for dataset viewer app ----
ui <- fluidPage(

  # App title ----
  titlePanel("Shiny Text"),

  # Sidebar layout with a input and output definitions ----
  sidebarLayout(

    # Sidebar panel for inputs ----
    sidebarPanel(

      # Input: Selector for choosing dataset ----selectInput是一个选择控件
      selectInput(inputId = "dataset",#名称
                  label = "Choose a dataset:",#显示的名称
                  choices = c("rock", "pressure", "cars")),#三个选项

      # Input: Numeric entry for number of obs to view ----numericInput是一个输入数字的空间
      numericInput(inputId = "obs",
                   label = "Number of observations to view:",
                   value = 10)#value是默认值
    ),

    # Main panel for displaying outputs ----
    mainPanel(

      # Output: Verbatim text for data summary ----输出文本
      verbatimTextOutput("summary"),

      # Output: HTML table with requested number of observations ----输出表格
      tableOutput("view")

    )
  )
)

# Define server logic to summarize and view selected dataset ----
server <- function(input, output) {

  # Return the requested dataset ----#响应式输入
  datasetInput <- reactive({
    switch(input$dataset,
           "rock" = rock,
           "pressure" = pressure,
           "cars" = cars)
  })

  # Generate a summary of the dataset ----根据所输入的不同的数据集输出不同的summary
  output$summary <- renderPrint({
    dataset <- datasetInput()
    summary(dataset)
  })

  # Show the first "n" observations ----根据所输入的不同的数据集输出不同的table
  output$view <- renderTable({
    head(datasetInput(), n = input$obs)
  })

}

# Create Shiny app ----
shinyApp(ui = ui, server = server)

2.3 03_reactivity

相比02只是多了一个caption的输入和输出

library(shiny)

# Define UI for dataset viewer app ----
ui <- fluidPage(

  # App title ----
  titlePanel("Reactivity"),

  # Sidebar layout with input and output definitions ----
  sidebarLayout(

    # Sidebar panel for inputs ----
    sidebarPanel(

      # Input: Text for providing a caption ----
      # Note: Changes made to the caption in the textInput control
      # are updated in the output area immediately as you type
      # 文本输入控件
      textInput(inputId = "caption",
                label = "Caption:",
                value = "Data Summary"),

      # Input: Selector for choosing dataset ----选择控件
      selectInput(inputId = "dataset",
                  label = "Choose a dataset:",
                  choices = c("rock", "pressure", "cars")),

      # Input: Numeric entry for number of obs to view ----数字控件
      numericInput(inputId = "obs",
                   label = "Number of observations to view:",
                   value = 10)

    ),

    # Main panel for displaying outputs ----
    mainPanel(

      # Output: Formatted text for caption ----h3表示三级标题，根据不同的文本输入输出
      h3(textOutput("caption", container = span)),

      # Output: Verbatim text for data summary ----输出文本
      verbatimTextOutput("summary"),

      # Output: HTML table with requested number of observations ----输出表格
      tableOutput("view")

    )
  )
)

# Define server logic to summarize and view selected dataset ----
server <- function(input, output) {

  # Return the requested dataset ----
  # By declaring datasetInput as a reactive expression we ensure
  # that:
  #
  # 1. It is only called when the inputs it depends on changes
  # 2. The computation and result are shared by all the callers,
  #    i.e. it only executes a single time
  datasetInput <- reactive({
    switch(input$dataset,
           "rock" = rock,
           "pressure" = pressure,
           "cars" = cars)
  })

  # Create caption ----
  # The output$caption is computed based on a reactive expression
  # that returns input$caption. When the user changes the
  # "caption" field:
  #
  # 1. This function is automatically called to recompute the output
  # 2. New caption is pushed back to the browser for re-display
  #
  # Note that because the data-oriented reactive expressions
  # below don't depend on input$caption, those expressions are
  # NOT called when input$caption changes
  output$caption <- renderText({
    input$caption
  })

  # Generate a summary of the dataset ----
  # The output$summary depends on the datasetInput reactive
  # expression, so will be re-executed whenever datasetInput is
  # invalidated, i.e. whenever the input$dataset changes
  output$summary <- renderPrint({
    dataset <- datasetInput()
    summary(dataset)
  })

  # Show the first "n" observations ----
  # The output$view depends on both the databaseInput reactive
  # expression and input$obs, so it will be re-executed whenever
  # input$dataset or input$obs is changed
  output$view <- renderTable({
    head(datasetInput(), n = input$obs)
  })

}

# Create Shiny app ----
shinyApp(ui, server)