Java面向对象程序设计（第二版）袁绍欣 第十五章课后习题答案

5.利用URLConnetction对象编写程序返回某网站的首页，并将首页的内容存放到文件当中。

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class html {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        URL url=  new URL("https://www.baidu.com/");
        URLConnection con = url.openConnection();
        BufferedReader is=  new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
        //三层括号由右往左，以指定字符集获得url的字节输入流，转换为字符输入流，按行读取，更高效
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("E:\\test.txt");//指定路径，它会自动新建一个文件
        String line;
        while((line = is.readLine()) != null ) {
            line = line + "\n";
            fos.write(line.getBytes("UTF-8"));//同样要指定字符集
            fos.flush();
        }
        System.out.println("Successful!");
        is.close();
        fos.close();
    }
}

注：读取到的内容大部分都是代码，影响阅读，我还不会去掉，因为字符集的缘故

仿照例15.4，编写完整的基于Socket的多客户/服务器通信程序

客户端：
import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TalkClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Socket socket = null;
        try {
            socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 4700);//本机地址
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Can't not listen to " + e);
        }
        //System.out.println("111111");
        try {
            BufferedReader is = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            BufferedReader sin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));//构建各种输入输出流对象
            BufferedWriter os = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
            String readLine;
            while(!(readLine = sin.readLine()).equals("bye")) {
                os.write(readLine + "\n");
                os.flush();
                System.out.println("Server " + ": " + is.readLine());
            }
            os.close();
            is.close();
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

服务器 + 线程：
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

class ServerThread extends Thread{
    Socket socket = null;
    int clienNum;
    public ServerThread(Socket socket, int num){
        this.socket = socket;
        clienNum = num + 1;
    }
    public void run(){
        try {
            String readLine;
            BufferedReader is = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())); 
            BufferedReader sin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));//构建各种输入输出流对象
            BufferedWriter os = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
            System.out.println("connected with: " + socket);
            System.out.println("Client " + clienNum + ": " +  is.readLine());
            readLine = sin.readLine();
            while(!readLine.equals("bye")){
                os.write(readLine + "\n"); 
                os.flush();
                System.out.println("Client " + clienNum + ": " +  is.readLine());//添加是哪个客户端发过来的消息
                readLine = sin.readLine();
            }
            os.close();
            is.close();
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + e);
        }
    }
}
public class MultiTalkServer {
    private static int clientNum = 0;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket server = null;
        boolean listening = true;
        try {
            server = new ServerSocket(4700);//设置监听端口
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Could not listen on port: 4700");
            System.exit(-1);
        }
        while(listening){
            new ServerThread(server.accept(), clientNum).start();//启动新线程
            clientNum++;
        }
        server.close();
    }
}

仿照例15.5，编写完整的基于数据报的多客户/服务器通信程序

客户端（只能启动一个，这是数据报的规定，但启动多个不会报错）：
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class QuoteClient {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
		 DatagramSocket socket=new DatagramSocket();//创建数据报套接字
		 BufferedReader sin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		 String readLine;
		 InetAddress address=InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");//Server的IP信息
		 while(!(readLine = sin.readLine()).equals("bye")) {
		 byte[] buf = readLine.getBytes();
		 //创建DatagramPacket对象
		 DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length, address, 4445);
		 socket.send(packet); //发送
		 buf = new byte[256];
		 //创建新的DatagramPacket对象，用来接收数据报
		 packet=new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length);
		 socket.receive(packet); //接收
		 buf = packet.getData();
		 //根据接收到的字节数组生成相应的字符串
		 String received=new String(buf);
		 //打印生成的字符串
		 System.out.println("Quote of the Sever: "+received );		 
		}
		 socket.close(); //关闭套接口
	}
}

服务器 + 线程：
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

class QuoteServerThread extends Thread//服务器线程
{  
	protected DatagramSocket socket=null;//记录和本对象相关联的DatagramSocket对象
	protected BufferedReader in=null;//用来读文件的一个Reader
	protected boolean moreQuotes=true;//标志变量，是否继续操作
	public QuoteServerThread() throws IOException {//无参数的构造函数
    this("QuoteServerThread");//以QuoteServerThread为默认值调用带参数的构造函数

	}
	public QuoteServerThread(String name) throws IOException {
		super(name); //调用父类的构造函数
		socket=new DatagramSocket(4445);//在端口4445创建数据报套接字		
		in= new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
	}	
	 public void run() //线程主体
	 {
		while(moreQuotes) {
			try{
				byte[] buf=new byte[256]; //创建缓冲区
				DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length);
				//由缓冲区构造DatagramPacket对象
				socket.receive(packet); //接收数据报				
				//打印出客户端发送的内容
				System.out.println("Client : "+new String(packet.getData())); 
				//从屏幕获取输入内容，作为发送给客户端的内容
				String dString= in.readLine();    
				//如果是bye,则向客户端发完消息后退出
				if(dString.equals("bye")){moreQuotes=false;}
				buf=dString.getBytes();//把String转换成字节数组，以便传送
				//从Client端传来的Packet中得到Client地址
				InetAddress address=packet.getAddress();
				int port=packet.getPort(); //端口号
				//根据客户端信息构建DatagramPacket
				packet=new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length,address,port);
				socket.send(packet); //发送数据报
			}catch(IOException e) { //异常处理
			    e.printStackTrace(); //打印错误栈
				moreQuotes=false; //标志变量置false，以结束循环
			}
		 }
		 socket.close(); //关闭数据报套接字
	   }	
}

public class QuoteServer{
	public static void main(String args[]) throws java.io.IOException
	{
		new QuoteServerThread().start();//启动一个QuoteServerThread线程
	}
}

感谢博主：qq_32090449　　　博主页： https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32090449?t=1