Spring MVC

提示文档

---

前言

M 代表 模型（Model）
模型是什么呢？ 模型就是数据，就是 dao,bean
V 代表 视图（View）
视图是什么呢？ 就是网页, JSP，用来展示模型中的数据
C 代表 控制器（controller)
控制器是什么？ 控制器的作用就是把不同的数据(Model)，显示在不同的视图(View)上，Servlet 扮演的就是这样的角色。

一、springmvc？

Spring Web MVC是一种基于Java的实现了Web MVC设计模式的请求驱动类型的轻量级Web框架，即使用了MVC架构模式的思想，将web层进行职责解耦，基于请求驱动指的就是使用请求-响应模型，框架的目的就是帮助我们简化开发，Spring Web MVC也是要简化我们日常Web开发的。

二、使用步骤

1.基本架构

导入库 pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
  http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc</finalName>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.2</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
          <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
<!--      jetty插件-->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
        <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>9.4.40.v20210413</version>
        <configuration>
          <scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds>
          <httpConnector>
            <port>8080</port>
          </httpConnector>
          <webAppConfig>
            <contextPath>/springmvc</contextPath>
          </webAppConfig>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

---

导入库 web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
         http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <filter>
    <description>char encoding filter</description>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

<!--  servlet分发请求器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:servlet-context.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
<!--    表示容器启动时初始化servlet-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

---

servlet-context.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
            https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.seesuuc.springmvc.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!--    使用默认的Servletl来响应静态文件-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--    开启注解-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--    配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!--        前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<!--        后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>

    </bean>

</beans>

---

HelloController.java：

package com.seesuuc.springmvc.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class HelloController {
    //绑定访问的URL 匹配路径是hello.do（web.xml中拦截）
    //http://localhost:8080/springmvc/hello.do
    @RequestMapping("hello")
    public ModelAndView hello(){
        //得到ModelAndView对象
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

        //设置模型数据
        modelAndView.addObject( "hello","hello world");

        //设置视图名称
        //会去查找hello.jsp页面 在web-inf jsp 目录
        modelAndView.setViewName("hello");

        return modelAndView;
    }
}

---

hello.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>hello Springmvc</title>
</head>
<body>
${hello}
</body>
</html>

2.第二次自己测试数据

TestController：

package com.seesuuc.springmvc.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class TestController {
    @RequestMapping("login")
    public ModelAndView test(){
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

        modelAndView.addObject("name","zhangsan");
        modelAndView.addObject("uname","admin");
        modelAndView.addObject("password","123456");
        modelAndView.setViewName("login");

        return modelAndView;
    }
}

login.jsp：

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: 龚
  Date: 2021/5/13
  Time: 23:06
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${name}--->${uname}-->${password}
</body>
</html>

结果

总结