QNX Screen 实现高权限的screenshot

前言

在QNX中原生系统提供了screenshot的shell指令，但是指令提供的可操作内容较少，所以基于QNX screenshot的指令原理，实现了一种控制性强、控制权限高、控制范围广的一个screenshot程序。

QNX原生screenshot使用方法

QNX提供的原生的screenshot程序是一个命令行工具，用于从显示器中捕获内容。成功捕获内容后，屏幕截图会将捕获的内容以位图格式保存在指定的文件路径中。

QNX原生screenshot使用方法：

screenshot [-display=display_id] 
           [-file=output_file] 
           [-size=widthxheight]

-display=display_id
将显示器ID（整数）或连接类型（字符串）设置为显示器。如果您提供了一个整数，Screen会将该整数解释为显示标识符的指示。否则，如果提供字符串，Screen会将该字符串解释为显示连接类型。显示端口的连接类型可以是以下字符串之一：
internal、composite、svideo、YPbPr、rgb、rgbhv、dvi、hdmi

-file=output_file
指定屏幕截图的文件路径。如果未指定此选项，则输出将存储在screenshot.bmp中。

-size=widthxheight
使用宽度和高度的整数值设置屏幕截图的大小（默认为全屏）。

自研screenshot程序

自研screenshot提供了更多的输出文件的控制权限，并且对输出的bmp位图也有控制方法，可根据实际使用需求进行调整。

qnxwindow.h

#ifndef _QNXWINDOW_H_
#define _QNXWINDOW_H_
#include<screen/screen.h>
#pragma pack(push, 2)//强制两字节对齐
    typedef struct bitmap_info_header
    {
        uint32_t   biSize;           /* Size of info header */
        uint32_t   biWidth;          /* Width of image */
        uint32_t   biHeight;         /* Height of image */
        uint16_t   biPlanes;         /* Number of color planes */
        uint16_t   biBitCount;       /* Number of bits per pixel */
        uint32_t   biCompression;    /* Type of compression to use */
        uint32_t   biSizeImage;      /* Size of image data */
        uint32_t   biXPelsPerMeter;  /* X pixels per meter */
        uint32_t   biYPelsPerMeter;  /* Y pixels per meter */
        uint32_t   biClrUsed;        /* Number of colors used */
        uint32_t   biClrImportant;   /* Number of important colors */
    }bitmap_info_header_t;
    typedef struct bitmap_header
    {
        uint16_t   bfType;            /*bmp=0x4D42*/  
        uint32_t   bfSize;           /* Size of file */
        uint16_t   bfReserved1;      /* Reserved */
        uint16_t   bfReserved2;      /* ... */
        uint32_t   bfOffBits;        /* Offset to bitmap data */
        bitmap_info_header_t bitmap_info;
    } bitmap_header_t;
class QNXWindow
{
private:
    /* data */
public:
    QNXWindow();
    ~QNXWindow();
    void create_screenshot_bmp();
};
#endif

qnxwindow.cpp

#include"qnxwindow.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<thread>
#define DISPLAY_SCREEN 0
#define DISPLAY_WIDTH 1920
#define DISPLAY_HEIGHT 720
QNXWindow::QNXWindow()
{
   create_screenshot_bmp();
}
QNXWindow::~QNXWindow()
{
}
void QNXWindow::create_screenshot_bmp()
{
    screen_context_t screen_bmp_ctx;
    screen_create_context(&screen_bmp_ctx, SCREEN_DISPLAY_MANAGER_CONTEXT);
    //获取显示屏幕的数量
    int count = 0;
    screen_get_context_property_iv(screen_bmp_ctx, SCREEN_PROPERTY_DISPLAY_COUNT, &count);
    screen_display_t *screen_displays = (screen_display_t*)calloc(count, sizeof(screen_display_t));
    screen_get_context_property_pv(screen_bmp_ctx, SCREEN_PROPERTY_DISPLAYS, (void**)screen_displays);
    for(int i = 0; i < count; ++i)
    {
        //读取屏幕信息
        int display_id;
        int size[2];
        screen_get_display_property_iv(screen_displays[i], SCREEN_PROPERTY_ID, &display_id);
        screen_get_display_property_iv(screen_displays[i], SCREEN_PROPERTY_SIZE, size);
        printf("screen_pixmap = %d, width = %d, height = %d\n", display_id, size[0], size[1]);
    }
    screen_pixmap_t screen_pixmap = nullptr;
    screen_buffer_t screen_pixmap_buf = nullptr;
    char *screen_pixmap_ptr = nullptr;
    int screen_pixmap_stride = 0;
    int rect[4] = { 0, 0, DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT};
    screen_create_pixmap(&screen_pixmap, screen_bmp_ctx);
    int usage = SCREEN_USAGE_READ | SCREEN_USAGE_NATIVE ;
    screen_set_pixmap_property_iv(screen_pixmap, SCREEN_PROPERTY_USAGE, &usage);
    int format = SCREEN_FORMAT_RGBA8888;
    screen_set_pixmap_property_iv(screen_pixmap, SCREEN_PROPERTY_FORMAT, &format);
    //set the buffer size of the pixmap
    int size[2] = {DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT};
    screen_set_pixmap_property_iv(screen_pixmap, SCREEN_PROPERTY_BUFFER_SIZE, size);
    //create the pixmap buffer
    //the buffer where the pixels from the source window will be copied to
    screen_create_pixmap_buffer(screen_pixmap);
    screen_get_pixmap_property_pv(screen_pixmap, SCREEN_PROPERTY_RENDER_BUFFERS, (void**)&screen_pixmap_buf);
    screen_get_buffer_property_pv(screen_pixmap_buf, SCREEN_PROPERTY_POINTER, (void**)&screen_pixmap_ptr);
    screen_get_buffer_property_iv(screen_pixmap_buf, SCREEN_PROPERTY_STRIDE, &screen_pixmap_stride);
    //take the window screenshot
    screen_read_display(screen_displays[DISPLAY_SCREEN], screen_pixmap_buf, 0, NULL, 0);
    if(screen_displays == nullptr)
    {
        printf("get disp failed!\n");
        return;
    }
    int length = sizeof(bitmap_header_t);
    bitmap_header_t bitmap_head;
    bitmap_head.bfType = 0x4D42;//文件类型
    bitmap_head.bfSize = DISPLAY_WIDTH * DISPLAY_HEIGHT * 4;//文件数据长度   
    bitmap_head.bfReserved1 = 0;
    bitmap_head.bfReserved2 = 0;
    bitmap_head.bfOffBits = 0x36;
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biSize = sizeof(bitmap_info_header_t);//图像数据头大小
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biWidth = DISPLAY_WIDTH;
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biHeight = DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biPlanes = 1;
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biBitCount = 32;
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biCompression = 0;
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biSizeImage = 0;
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biXPelsPerMeter = 5000;
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biYPelsPerMeter = 5000;
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biClrUsed = 0;
    bitmap_head.bitmap_info.biClrImportant = 0;
    int nbytes = size[0] * size[1] * 4;
    std::string fname = "/screenpixmap.bmp";
    int fd = creat(fname.c_str(), S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO);
    write(fd, &bitmap_head, length);
    printf("size = %d\n", length);
    printf("screen_pixmap_ptr = %p\n", screen_pixmap_ptr);
    printf("screen_pixmap_stride = %d\n", screen_pixmap_stride);
    /*bmp显示顺序与写入顺序相反*/
    for(int i = size[1] - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        write(fd, screen_pixmap_ptr + i * screen_pixmap_stride, size[0] * 4);
    }
    close(fd);
    printf("finished!\n");
}