@RestControllerAdvice实现springboot全局异常类简单处理

项目中，我们需要对异常进行处理，可以定义一个全局的异常处理项目中的各种异常，下面是一个简单使用示例：

全局异常类会对项目控制层crntroller抛出的异常进行处理，控制层类需由@RestController修饰，或者@Controller@ResponseBody修饰

异常类的定义：

/**
 * 统一拦截异常
 */
@RestControllerAdvice//对项目控制层crntroller抛出的异常进行处理，控制层类需由@RestController修饰
public class GlobalDefultExceptionHandler {
    /**
     * 处理参数异常，一般用于校验body参数
     *
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
    public ErrorMessage handleValidationBodyException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {
        for (ObjectError s : e.getBindingResult().getAllErrors()) {
            return new ErrorMessage("Invalid_Request_Parameter", s.getObjectName() + ": " + s.getDefaultMessage());
        }
        return new ErrorMessage("Invalid_Request_Parameter", "未知参数错误");
    }

    /**
     * 主动throw的异常
     *
     * @param e
     * @param response
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(ServiceException.class)//如果系统抛出了ServiceException异常,此方法会进行拦截
    public ErrorMessage handleUnProccessableServiceException(ServiceException e, HttpServletResponse response) {
        System.out.println("进入了全局异常处理类");
        response.setStatus(e.getStatusCode().value());
        return new ErrorMessage(e.getErrorCode(), e.getMessage());
    }
}

最后抛出异常类：ErrorMessage .calss

import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
public class ErrorMessage implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 8065583911104112360L;
    private String errorCode;
    private String errorMessage;

    public ErrorMessage(String errorCode, String errorMessage) {
        super();
        this.errorCode = errorCode;
        this.errorMessage = errorMessage;
    }

    public ErrorMessage() {
        super();
    }
}

可以拦截的异常类定义：ServiceException.class

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;


@Data
public class ServiceException extends RuntimeException {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 8109469326798389194L;
    public static HttpStatus statusCode = HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;

    
    public static ServiceException zero_exception = new ServiceException("400","除数不能为0");


    private String errorCode;


    public HttpStatus getStatusCode() {
        return statusCode;
    }

    public ServiceException(String errorCode, String message) {
        super(message);
        this.errorCode = errorCode;
    }
}

在controller抛出自定义异常：

@GetMapping("/get/one")
@ApiOperation(value="查询单条记录",notes = "查询")
//@ApiImplicitParam(name="id",defaultValue ="", value = "主键id",required = true,dataType ="Integer" )
public Student getOneInfo(@RequestParam(value = "id",defaultValue = "")@ApiParam(value="主键id") Integer id){
    Student student=null;
    try {
        int i=1/0;
        student= studentService.selectOne(id);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw ServiceException.zero_exception;
    }
    return student;
}

分析：controller 调用报错，catch 中抛出了自定义的 ServiceException 异常，全局异常拦截类会拦截此类型异常，将异常信息由ErrorMessage类进行返回