手把手教你如何使用SpringBoot和WebSocket打造猜数字游戏

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-19 01:14:37 发布

伏若菲

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-19 01:14:37 发布

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文章标签： websocket 游戏网络协议

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45165697/article/details/129796561

版权

目录

前言

在现代化的Web应用中，实时性是越来越重要的一种需求。当涉及到多个用户同时进行操作，例如在线游戏，WebSockets变得越来越流行。WebSockets提供了一个双向通信通道，使得服务器和客户端能够进行实时通信，而无需HTTP请求/响应周期。在本篇教程中，我们将使用SpringBoot和WebSocket技术，构建一个简单的猜数字游戏，以演示如何在Web应用程序中使用WebSockets进行实时通信。通过本教程，您将了解如何使用SpringBoot快速构建Web应用程序，并使用WebSocket技术实现实时通信。

一、涉及环境

SpringBoot/MAVEN/MYSQL

二、使用步骤

1.pom配置

代码如下（示例）：


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>guess</groupId>
    <artifactId>guess-game</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>guess-game</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.76</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2.四个实类层

1.参赛者的名称和猜的数字类

public class JoinGameRequest implements Serializable {

    private String memberName; 
    private Integer factor; 


    public String getMemberName() {
        return memberName;
    }

2.响应消息类



public class JoinGameResponse {

    
    private String message; 

    
    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    
    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }
}

3. ListData



public class ListData {

    // 声明私有成员变量
    private Integer messageType; 
    private String memberName; 
    private String guessTime; 
    private Integer guessPosition; 
    private Integer guessNumber; 
    private String gameCode; 
    private Integer guessResult; 
{

4.猜的信息类

public class StatisticsMessage {

    private Integer messageType;

    private Integer alreadyGuessCount;

    private Integer alreadyGuessRightPosition;

    private Long durationMin;

}

3.webSocket层

这是一个用于在Spring Boot应用程序中配置WebSocket的配置类。
该类实现了WebSocketConfigurer接口，重写了registerWebSocketHandlers方法，
用于注册WebSocket处理程序和设置WebSocket服务端的路径。
在这个例子中，我们使用WebSocketServer作为WebSocket处理程序，并设置了路径为"/socket"，并允许来自任何来源的请求。

@Configuration
@EnableWebSocket
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addHandler(new WebSocketServer(), "/socket").setAllowedOrigins("*");
    }
}

4.Controller层

GameController类是一个RESTful Web服务的控制器类

@RestController
@RequestMapping("gameinfo") 
@CrossOrigin  
public class GameController {
    @Autowired
    private GameHandler gameHandler;
    @PostMapping("/joinGame")  
    public JoinGameResponse joinGame(@RequestBody JoinGameRequest request){
        return gameHandler.join(request); 
    }
}

5.DAO层

1.游戏表实体类


@Table(name = "t_game")
public class Game {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(
            generator = "JDBC",
            strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY
    )
    private Long id;
    private Integer status;
    private Date createTime;

}

2.游戏用户表实体类

@Table(name = "t_game_user")
public class GameUser {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(
            generator = "JDBC", 
            strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY 
    )
    private Long id;
    private Long gameId;
    private String hash; 
    private String username;
    private Integer numberLocation; 
    private Integer number; 
    private Boolean isRight; 
    private Date createTime; 
}

3. 逻辑层

@Component
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public class GameHandler {
    @Autowired
    private WebSocketServer webSocketServer;
    @Autowired
    private GameMapper gameMapper;
    @Autowired
    private GameUserMapper userMapper;

    private static String hash = null;

    private static Integer maxLocation = null;

    public JoinGameResponse join(JoinGameRequest request) {
        synchronized (this) {
            Game gameing = gameMapper.selectGameing();
            if (gameing == null) {
                gameing = new Game();
                gameing.setCreateTime(new Date());
                gameing.setStatus(1);
                gameMapper.insertSelective(gameing);
            }

            //查询当前用户
            GameUser user = userMapper.selectByGameId(gameing.getId(), request.getMemberName());
            Integer location = user == null ? 1 : user.getNumberLocation() + 1;

            //开始游戏
            if (hash == null) {
                this.generateRandom();
            }

            //最大位置为空 则去数据库查询最大数据，没有则赋值0，最大数据相等则时间最早为第一名
            if (maxLocation == null) {
                GameUser fristUser = userMapper.selectMaxLaction(gameing.getId());
                if (fristUser != null) {
                    //本身存在第一名则广播汇总数据
                    this.broadcastCount(fristUser);
                }
                maxLocation = fristUser == null ? 0 : fristUser.getNumberLocation();
            }

            //用户数据入库
            GameUser userNewData = new GameUser();
            //这里charAt位置是从0开始所以要减1
            userNewData.setRight(Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(hash.charAt(location - 1))) == request.getFactor());
            userNewData.setGameId(gameing.getId());
            userNewData.setHash(hash);
            userNewData.setNumberLocation(location);
            userNewData.setNumber(request.getFactor());
            userNewData.setUsername(request.getMemberName());
            userNewData.setCreateTime(new Date());
            userMapper.insertSelective(userNewData);

            if (userNewData.getRight()) {
                //答对 刷新hash
                this.generateRandom();
                //判断该答对位置是否为最大 则广播数据
                if (userNewData.getNumberLocation() > maxLocation) {
                    maxLocation = userNewData.getNumberLocation();
                    this.broadcastCount(userNewData);
                }
            }

            //等于32 该轮次结束
            if (maxLocation == 32) {
                gameing.setStatus(0);
                gameMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(gameing);
                hash = null;
                maxLocation = null;
            }
            this.broadcastListCount(userNewData);
            JoinGameResponse response = new JoinGameResponse();
            response.setMessage("当前位数:" + userNewData.getNumberLocation() + (userNewData.getRight() ? "答对了" : "答错了"));
            return response;
        }
    }

    //生成32位随机数
    private void generateRandom() {
        SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
        hash = String.format("%01d", random.nextInt(10)) +
                String.format("%09d", random.nextInt(1000000000)) +
                String.format("%010d", random.nextInt(1000000000)) +
                String.format("%010d", random.nextInt(1000000000)) +
                String.format("%02d", random.nextInt(100));
    }


    //广播汇总数据
    private void broadcastCount(GameUser user) {
        StatisticsMessage statisticsMessage = userMapper.selectCountData(user.getGameId(), user.getUsername());
        statisticsMessage.setMessageType(6);
        webSocketServer.sendMessageToAll(JSONObject.toJSONString(statisticsMessage));
    }

    //广播列表数据
    private void broadcastListCount(GameUser user) {
        ListData data = new ListData();
        data.setMessageType(1);
        data.setGameCode(user.getHash());
        data.setGuessNumber(user.getNumber());
        data.setGuessPosition(user.getNumberLocation());
        Date date = new Date(user.getCreateTime().getTime());
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        String timeString = sdf.format(date);
        data.setGuessTime(timeString);
        data.setMemberName(user.getUsername());
        data.setGuessResult(user.getRight() ? 1 : 2);
        webSocketServer.sendMessageToAll(JSONObject.toJSONString(data));
    }


}

4.mapper层

1.查询是否有进行中的游戏

public interface GameMapper extends Mapper<Game> {
    /**
     * 查询是否有进行中的游戏
     */
    @Select("select * from t_game where status=1")
    Game selectGameing();
}

2.查询当前最高猜对位数


public interface GameUserMapper extends Mapper<GameUser> {
    /**
     * 查询用户 进行中的游戏当前最高猜对位数
     * @param gameId
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    @Select("select * from t_game_user where is_right=1 and game_id=#{gameId} and username=#{name} order by number_location desc limit 1")
    GameUser selectByGameId(Long gameId,String name);

    @Select("select a.* from t_game_user as a where `is_right`=1 and game_id=#{gameId} and number_location = (select max(number_location) from t_game_user) order by create_time asc limit 1")
    GameUser selectMaxLaction(Long gameId);

    //查询统计数据
    @Select("select count(*) as already_guess_count,sum(`is_right`) as already_guess_right_position,max(create_time)-min(create_time) as duration_min from t_game_user where `username`=#{name} and game_id=#{gameId}")
    StatisticsMessage selectCountData(Long gameId,String name);

}

5.webSocket serve层

@Component
public class WebSocketServer extends TextWebSocketHandler {
    private static final List<WebSocketSession> sessions = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) {
        // WebSocket连接建立时将该session加入集合
        sessions.add(session);
    }

    @Override
    public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus status) {
        sessions.remove(session);
    }

    public void sendMessageToAll(String message) {

        for (WebSocketSession session : sessions) {
            try {
                session.sendMessage(new TextMessage(message));
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.out.println("Error sending message to session " + session.getId());
            }
        }
    }
}