思路
利用WebSocketServerProtocolHandler 进行实现 其原理是利用101状态码讲http协议转换为websocket协议
服务端
package com.jhj.netty.websocket;
import com.jhj.netty.heartbeat.MyServerHandler;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerProtocolHandler;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;
import io.netty.handler.timeout.IdleStateHandler;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class MyServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try{
ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup,workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
//因为基于Http协议 所以使用http的编码和解码器
pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
//以块方式写添加 ChunkedWrite 处理器
pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
/**
* 说明
* http数据在传输过程中的分段的,HttpObjectAggregator,就是可以将多个段聚合
* 这就是为什么 当浏览器发送大量数据时,就会发出多次http请求
*/
pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192));
/*
说明
对应websocket,它的数据是以帧(frame)形式传播
可以看到webSocketFrame 下面有六个子类
浏览器请求时 ws://localhost:7000/xxx表示请求的uri xxx与下面参数对应
WebSocketServerProtocolHandler 核心功能是将http协议升级为ws协议,保持长连接
是通过一个状态码 101 讲http转化为websocket
*/
pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/hello"));
//自定义的handler 处理业务
pipeline.addLast(new MyTextWebSocketFrameHandler());
}
});
//启动服务器
ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(7000).sync();
channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
}finally {
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
服务端Handler
package com.jhj.netty.websocket;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
/**
* TextWebSocketFrame表示一个文本帧(frame)
*/
public class MyTextWebSocketFrameHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
//当web客户端连接后,触发方法
@Override
public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
//id表示唯一的值,longtext值是唯一的 shortText 不是唯一的
System.out.println("handlerAdded 被调用"+ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
}
@Override
public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("handlerRemoved 被调用"+ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
}
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println("服务器收到消息"+msg.text());
//回复消息
ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("服务器时间"+ LocalDateTime.now()+msg.text()));
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
System.out.println("异常发生"+cause.getMessage());
ctx.close();
}
}
Html页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
var socket;
//判断当前浏览器支不支持 websocket
if (window.WebSocket){
socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:7000/hello");
//相当于channelReado ev收到服务器端会送的消息
socket.onmessage=function (ev){
let rt = document.getElementById("responseText");
rt.value=rt.value+"\n"+ev.data;
}
//相当于连接开启
socket.onopen=function (ev){
let rt = document.getElementById("responseText");
rt.value="连接开启";
}
//相当于连接关闭
socket.onclose=function (ev){
let rt = document.getElementById("responseText");
rt.value=rt.value+"\n"+"连接关闭";
}
}else{
alert("当前浏览器不支持websocket")
}
//发送消息服务器
function send(message){
if (!window.socket){
//先判断webSocket是否创建好了
return;
}
if (socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN){
//open状态
socket.send(message);
}else {
alert("连接没有开启")
}
}
</script>
<form onsubmit="return false">
<textarea name="message" style="height: 300px;width: 300px"></textarea>
<input type="button" value="发生消息" onclick="send(this.form.message.value)"></input>
<textarea id="responseText" style="height: 300px;width: 300px"></textarea>
<input type="button" value="清空消息" onclick="document.getElementById('responseText').value=''"></input>
</form>
</body>
</html>
作者声明
如有问题,欢迎指正!