新版sklearn使用中的一些问题

项目场景：

利用python进行稳健性回归检验时出现的问题。

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问题描述：

在使用新版sklearn进行回归检验时，数据应该为二维矩阵，但问题就在这了，我并不知道应该在哪个位置将数据转换为二维矩阵，进行了很多尝试也没有成功，于是来找各位程序猿大哥们解答一下问题。

import pandas as pd 
import numpy as np 
from sklearn import model_selection
data = pd.read_excel('Eletrical length data set.xlsx')
Y = data['Electrical length']
X = data.copy().drop(['Electrical length'],axis=1)
train_x,test_x,train_x,train_y = model_selection.train_test_split(X,Y,test_size=0.2)
data.head()

from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
from sklearn import metrics
lr = LinearRegression()
lr.fit(train_x,train_y)
pred_y_test = lr.predict(test_x)
pred_y_train = lr.predict(train_x)
print('训练集的决定系数：',round(metrics.r2_score(train_y,pred_y_train),4))
print('测试集的决定系数：',round(metrics.r2_score(test_y,pred_y_test),4))

输出如下

Inhabitants	Distance	Electrical length
0	15	605.000000	2146
1	13	696.669983	2148
2	25	443.329987	2178
3	22	373.329987	1322
4	19	340.000000	1075

ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-3-88e45c504957> in <module>
      2 from sklearn import metrics
      3 lr = LinearRegression()
----> 4 lr.fit(train_x,train_y)
      5 pred_y_test = lr.predict(test_x)
      6 pred_y_train = lr.predict(train_x)

D:\python\lib\site-packages\sklearn\linear_model\_base.py in fit(self, X, y, sample_weight)
    516         accept_sparse = False if self.positive else ['csr', 'csc', 'coo']
    517 
--> 518         X, y = self._validate_data(X, y, accept_sparse=accept_sparse,
    519                                    y_numeric=True, multi_output=True)
    520 

D:\python\lib\site-packages\sklearn\base.py in _validate_data(self, X, y, reset, validate_separately, **check_params)
    431                 y = check_array(y, **check_y_params)
    432             else:
--> 433                 X, y = check_X_y(X, y, **check_params)
    434             out = X, y
    435 

D:\python\lib\site-packages\sklearn\utils\validation.py in inner_f(*args, **kwargs)
     61             extra_args = len(args) - len(all_args)
     62             if extra_args <= 0:
---> 63                 return f(*args, **kwargs)
     64 
     65             # extra_args > 0

D:\python\lib\site-packages\sklearn\utils\validation.py in check_X_y(X, y, accept_sparse, accept_large_sparse, dtype, order, copy, force_all_finite, ensure_2d, allow_nd, multi_output, ensure_min_samples, ensure_min_features, y_numeric, estimator)
    812         raise ValueError("y cannot be None")
    813 
--> 814     X = check_array(X, accept_sparse=accept_sparse,
    815                     accept_large_sparse=accept_large_sparse,
    816                     dtype=dtype, order=order, copy=copy,

D:\python\lib\site-packages\sklearn\utils\validation.py in inner_f(*args, **kwargs)
     61             extra_args = len(args) - len(all_args)
     62             if extra_args <= 0:
---> 63                 return f(*args, **kwargs)
     64 
     65             # extra_args > 0

D:\python\lib\site-packages\sklearn\utils\validation.py in check_array(array, accept_sparse, accept_large_sparse, dtype, order, copy, force_all_finite, ensure_2d, allow_nd, ensure_min_samples, ensure_min_features, estimator)
    635             # If input is 1D raise error
    636             if array.ndim == 1:
--> 637                 raise ValueError(
    638                     "Expected 2D array, got 1D array instead:\narray={}.\n"
    639                     "Reshape your data either using array.reshape(-1, 1) if "

ValueError: Expected 2D array, got 1D array instead:
array=[ 374  856  897 2560 1002 2199 2300 1500 1676  733  592 2470 4115 2594
 4712 1764 1141 2082 2110  616 1535 1607  160 2765 2629 1000  542  516
  660  755 1230  623 2764 1726 1044 5009 3330 1285  466 2090 2426 2515
  413   96 2253 1196 1354  622 1190 1946  764 1520  123 1232 3215 1146
 1210  456 1590  744 1601 1003 1675  952  921 5384 1064  764 2289 4880
 1531 2608 1100 2064 1404 4820  883  656 1723 1181 1948  970 1277 1417
 1491 2745 2976 2748 1345  231 1176 1362 1391 1880 2754 2178  432 1987
 1143 1855 1290 3362  673  638  864 3235 2146 1704 1396 1064 1460 1698
 2651  840  353  657 1047 2136  496  915 2039  132 3605  500 2810  517
 2437 1075  570 1818 1176 4673 4845 1092 1336 3898 1349  346 1575 2857
 2797 1144 4210 1466  844 1046  827 2800 1753 1599 2610 4268 1671  605
 3433  643 1010  271  773 1019 1325 1471 1660 1287  150 2684 2134 1478
  176 3729 2686 1409 1296  469   80  468  574 1295 1084 1670  599 2452
 2257 3117  657  481 2145 1733  739 1140 1697 3357 1571 1773 2891 1979
 1229 2160 1360 1641  668 1538 1284  365 2362  862  621 1588  839 1942
 1835  675 1998 2260 3310 3200 1330 1370 2628  903  828 1614 5401 2470
  445 1453  844  533 1868 3731 2275 1422  498 3064  670 1478 1206 1025
  621 1036 2274 1736  358  375  212 1207 1032 1130 2225  993 2312 1224
 3380 1535 1605 2124  890 1956 1364 1241 2435 1898 3096 2000  987 2389
  737 1207  723  942  384 2557  353 1500 3327  567 2684 4750 1885 1723
 2291 1663 1894  513 3221 1671  642  835 2478 2216 1972 1895 3302 1110
  774  528 1167 2702  692  823 1776 3570 3157 1441 1840 2522 2142 1953
 1370  826 6465 1421   80 1003 1187 2891 1011  126 1328 1799  742 1805
 4046 4437 1276 1982 3985  686  804 1023  118 4016  913 1430 1617 1532
 2521 1739 1698 1296 2123 1357  860 2139 1368 1412  625 2305 1192 2974
 1623  404  484 2959 1113 1083 4610 1264 2809 5990 1694  814 1528 2737
  905  909 1565 1534  910  895 2148 1285 1261 1936 1147 1559  534 1691
 3000 1051  482 2082  811 4879 1987 2097 1660 1679  357 1108 1803 1130
 1015 1663 2898 2087].
Reshape your data either using array.reshape(-1, 1) if your data has a single feature or array.reshape(1, -1) if it contains a single sample.

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原因分析：

出现这种问题无非还是我遇到的问题太少，解决问题的能力还不足，初学代码就遇到这种有些迷茫的境地，真的不知道怎么解决了，给孩子指明一条路吧！

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解决方案：

Reshape your data either using array.reshape(-1, 1) if your data has a single feature or array.reshape(1, -1) if it contains a single sample.
（这是错误数据后面给出的解决方案，但我多次尝试后，没成功，我真不知道这个【.reshape(-1,1)】加在哪，希望有会这个的朋友能给我讲解一下，不胜感激）
文件在上传中，审核通过后我给补过来！！！

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