system programming第七讲 共享内存

flock

#include "head.h"
struct data{
    int now;
    int sum;
};

void getnum(struct data *num){
    int fd;
    if((fd = open(".data", O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
        perror("get_open");
        exit(1);
    }
    read(fd, (void *)num, sizeof(struct data));
    close(fd);

}

void setnum(struct data *num){
    int fd;
    if((fd = open(".data", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600)) < 0) {
        perror("set_open");
        exit(1);
    }
    write(fd, (void *)num, sizeof(struct data));
    close(fd);
}

void do_sum(int i, struct data *num, int max) {
    int fd_lock;
    if((fd_lock = open(".lock", O_RDONLY )) < 0){
        perror("lock_open");
        exit(1);
    }
    while(1) {
        flock(fd_lock, LOCK_EX);
        getnum(num);
        //判断，计算
        if(num->now >= max) break;
        num->now++;
        num->sum += num->now;
        setnum(num);
        printf("<i am the %d child> now = %d, sum = %d\n", i, num->now, num->sum);
        flock(fd_lock, LOCK_UN);
    }
    close(fd_lock);
}


int main(int argc, char **argv){
    //多个进程实现求和计算
    //计算从0到n的和，m个进程
    //flock
    //文件：当前已经计算到哪个数字，当前的sum
    //同一时刻，只有一个进程持有这个文件
    //./a.out -i m -n n
    int opt;
    int ins = 1, max = 100;
    struct data num;
    num.now = 0;
    num.sum = 0;
    setnum(&num);
    while((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "i:n:")) != -1) {
        switch(opt){
            case 'i':
                ins = atoi(optarg);
                break;
            case 'n':
                max = atoi(optarg);
                break;
            default:
                fprintf(stderr, "Usage : %s -i num1 -n num2", argv[0]);
                exit(1);
        }
    }
    pid_t pid;
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < ins; i++) {
        if((pid = fork()) < 0) {
            perror("fork()");
            exit(1);
        }
        if(pid == 0) break;
    }
    if(pid == 0) {
        do_sum(i, &num, max);
        //printf("i am the %d child\n", i);
    } else {
        for(int i = 0; i < ins; i++) {
            wait(NULL);
        }
    }
	return 0;
}

ftok

#include "head.h"

int main(){
    key_t key;
    if((key = ftok("1.ftok.c", 123)) < 0){
        perror("ftok");
        exit(1);
    }
    printf("key = 0x%x\n", key);
    printf("123 = 0x%x\n", 123);
    return 0;
}