副词概说
- 副词修饰动词,形容词,其他副词,介词短语,进行补充说明
副词的常见构成形式
- 形容词+ly ,最常见的副词构成形式
- patient -patiently
- 有些ly结尾的词,不一定是副词,在名词后加+ly,构成形容词
- friendly , monthly, daily
副词的比较等级
- 副词比较级和形容词相同
- she is the fastest girl(fastest修饰女孩,为形容词最高级)
- she runs fastest(fastest修饰跑,为副词最高级,多数副词最高级前不使用the)
方式副词
- 在句尾或宾语/动词之后
- It snowed heavily last january.
- 在主语和动词之间
- Bob angrily slammed the door behind him
- 在句子开头
- Normally, our papers are delivered every morning
- 有些方式副词,当位置改变时,其强调的方面也发生改变
- he behaved foolishly at he party(“强调一种可笑的方式”)
地点副词
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abroad,ahead,anywehere等一般用于方式副词后,时间副词前
- He read quietly downstairs all afternoon
时间副词
时间副词有确定时间的副词和不确定时间的副词
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确定时间一般位于句首或句尾(another day,these day)
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不确定的时间副词位于句首,句尾,或实义动词之前和助动词或系动词be之后
- I was recently in New York
already和yet
-
already 一般不用在否定句或疑问句中
- I’ve already seen the report
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yet用于一般疑问句和否定句中,通常放在句尾
-
No,not yet
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在让步状语从句中,yet可以用在主句句首,和but的意思相同
- Although I got up late this morning, yet I caught the first bus
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频度副词
- twice,once a month等
- There’s a collection from this letter box twice daily
- 确定性副词, three times a day
- I saw my mother once a week
- 非确定性频度副词,频率大小排序
- 否定意义的非确定性频度副词不能与not连用
- I hardly ever see my sister read book
- 在肯定句和疑问句中非确定性频率副词通常放在句子中间,大多数非确定性频度副词一般位于助动词之后或实义动词之前
- I was never very good at maths
- 非确定性频度副可以放在句尾
- I will lover you always
程度副词
-
often,always,enough等
- 副词修饰形容词,副词,动词 和少数的名词
-
fairly 与rather
- fairly表褒义,对主语期望和具有积极意义,事物处于好的状态
- he is a fairly good speaker
- rather 比quite 和fairly语气更强,有过分,有消极的意思
- he is clever but rather lazy
- fairly表褒义,对主语期望和具有积极意义,事物处于好的状态
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rather 与too连用,强调过分的
- this book is rather too easy for the college students
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rather与形容词连用,有惊人
- I did rather well in the test better than I had expected