令 f i , j f_{i,j} fi,j表示第 i i i个货架上有 j j j个没有被试吃的期望,记 a i a_i ai为第 i i i个货架的初始数量, a n s ans ans为当前都被试吃过的货架期望数量,显然有初始化: f i , a i = 1 ( i = 1 , 2 , ⋯ , n ) , a n s = ∑ i = 1 n f i , 0 f_{i,a_i} = 1\,(i = 1,2,\cdots,n),ans = \sum_{i = 1}^n{f_{i,0}} fi,ai=1(i=1,2,⋯,n),ans=i=1∑nfi,0