Spring Cloud微服务之间调用如何设计异常处理机制？

若依的处理方式：

通过fallbackFactory进行容错处理，调用后判断是否返回失败，失败就抛异常，通过Throwable透传异常message，报错到前端页面。

注意：客户端要熔断降级必须在yaml文件里进行配置。例如：

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled:true

SysUserController ：

package com.ruoyi.system.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.ArrayUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.constant.UserConstants;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.domain.R;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.utils.StringUtils;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.utils.poi.ExcelUtil;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.web.controller.BaseController;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.web.domain.AjaxResult;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.web.page.TableDataInfo;
import com.ruoyi.common.log.annotation.Log;
import com.ruoyi.common.log.enums.BusinessType;
import com.ruoyi.common.security.annotation.InnerAuth;
import com.ruoyi.common.security.annotation.RequiresPermissions;
import com.ruoyi.common.security.utils.SecurityUtils;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.domain.SysDept;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.domain.SysRole;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.domain.SysUser;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.model.LoginUser;
import com.ruoyi.system.service.ISysConfigService;
import com.ruoyi.system.service.ISysDeptService;
import com.ruoyi.system.service.ISysPermissionService;
import com.ruoyi.system.service.ISysPostService;
import com.ruoyi.system.service.ISysRoleService;
import com.ruoyi.system.service.ISysUserService;

/**
 * 用户信息
 * 
 * @author ruoyi
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class SysUserController extends BaseController
{
    @Autowired
    private ISysUserService userService;

    @Autowired
    private ISysRoleService roleService;

    @Autowired
    private ISysDeptService deptService;

    @Autowired
    private ISysPostService postService;

    @Autowired
    private ISysPermissionService permissionService;

    @Autowired
    private ISysConfigService configService;

   
    /**
     * 获取当前用户信息
     */
    @InnerAuth
    @GetMapping("/info/{username}")
    public R<LoginUser> info(@PathVariable("username") String username)
    {
        SysUser sysUser = userService.selectUserByUserName(username);
        if (StringUtils.isNull(sysUser))
        {
            return R.fail("用户名或密码错误");
        }
        // 角色集合
        Set<String> roles = permissionService.getRolePermission(sysUser);
        // 权限集合
        Set<String> permissions = permissionService.getMenuPermission(sysUser);
        LoginUser sysUserVo = new LoginUser();
        sysUserVo.setSysUser(sysUser);
        sysUserVo.setRoles(roles);
        sysUserVo.setPermissions(permissions);
        return R.ok(sysUserVo);
    }

    /**
     * 注册用户信息
     */
    @InnerAuth
    @PostMapping("/register")
    public R<Boolean> register(@RequestBody SysUser sysUser)
    {
        String username = sysUser.getUserName();
        if (!("true".equals(configService.selectConfigByKey("sys.account.registerUser"))))
        {
            return R.fail("当前系统没有开启注册功能！");
        }
        if (UserConstants.NOT_UNIQUE.equals(userService.checkUserNameUnique(sysUser)))
        {
            return R.fail("保存用户'" + username + "'失败，注册账号已存在");
        }
        return R.ok(userService.registerUser(sysUser));
    }

   
}

RemoteUserService：

package com.ruoyi.system.api;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestHeader;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.constant.SecurityConstants;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.constant.ServiceNameConstants;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.domain.R;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.domain.SysUser;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.factory.RemoteUserFallbackFactory;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.model.LoginUser;

/**
 * 用户服务
 * 
 * @author ruoyi
 */
@FeignClient(contextId = "remoteUserService", value = ServiceNameConstants.SYSTEM_SERVICE, fallbackFactory = RemoteUserFallbackFactory.class)
public interface RemoteUserService
{
    /**
     * 通过用户名查询用户信息
     *
     * @param username 用户名
     * @param source 请求来源
     * @return 结果
     */
    @GetMapping("/user/info/{username}")
    public R<LoginUser> getUserInfo(@PathVariable("username") String username, @RequestHeader(SecurityConstants.FROM_SOURCE) String source);

    /**
     * 注册用户信息
     *
     * @param sysUser 用户信息
     * @param source 请求来源
     * @return 结果
     */
    @PostMapping("/user/register")
    public R<Boolean> registerUserInfo(@RequestBody SysUser sysUser, @RequestHeader(SecurityConstants.FROM_SOURCE) String source);
}

RemoteUserFallbackFactory：

package com.ruoyi.system.api.factory;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FallbackFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.domain.R;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.RemoteUserService;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.domain.SysUser;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.model.LoginUser;

/**
 * 用户服务降级处理
 * 
 * @author ruoyi
 */
@Component
public class RemoteUserFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<RemoteUserService>
{
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RemoteUserFallbackFactory.class);

    @Override
    public RemoteUserService create(Throwable throwable)
    {
        log.error("用户服务调用失败:{}", throwable.getMessage());
        return new RemoteUserService()
        {
            @Override
            public R<LoginUser> getUserInfo(String username, String source)
            {
                //throwable会把报错带过来
                return R.fail("获取用户失败:" + throwable.getMessage());
            }

            @Override
            public R<Boolean> registerUserInfo(SysUser sysUser, String source)
            {
                return R.fail("注册用户失败:" + throwable.getMessage());
            }
        };
    }
}

在auth服务中远程调用system服务：通过返回码判断是否成功，失败抛异常打异常message

/**
     * 登录
     */
    public LoginUser login(String username, String password)
    {
        // 查询用户信息
        R<LoginUser> userResult = remoteUserService.getUserInfo(username, SecurityConstants.INNER);

        if (R.FAIL == userResult.getCode())
        {
            //判断如果失败，就抛异常，打出远程调用的报错message
            throw new ServiceException(userResult.getMsg());
        }

        if (StringUtils.isNull(userResult) || StringUtils.isNull(userResult.getData()))
        {
            recordLogininfor(username, Constants.LOGIN_FAIL, "登录用户不存在");
            throw new ServiceException("登录用户：" + username + " 不存在");
        }
        LoginUser userInfo = userResult.getData();
        SysUser user = userResult.getData().getSysUser();
        if (UserStatus.DELETED.getCode().equals(user.getDelFlag()))
        {
            recordLogininfor(username, Constants.LOGIN_FAIL, "对不起，您的账号已被删除");
            throw new ServiceException("对不起，您的账号：" + username + " 已被删除");
        }
        if (UserStatus.DISABLE.getCode().equals(user.getStatus()))
        {
            recordLogininfor(username, Constants.LOGIN_FAIL, "用户已停用，请联系管理员");
            throw new ServiceException("对不起，您的账号：" + username + " 已停用");
        }
        if (!SecurityUtils.matchesPassword(password, user.getPassword()))
        {
            recordLogininfor(username, Constants.LOGIN_FAIL, "用户密码错误");
            throw new ServiceException("用户不存在/密码错误");
        }
        recordLogininfor(username, Constants.LOGIN_SUCCESS, "登录成功");
        return userInfo;
    }

博客12处理方式很类似：

博客1：

feign异常传递的两种方式 fallbackfactory和全局处理 获取服务端自定义异常

博客2：

SpringCloud feign微服务调用之间的异常处理_zf12178的博客-CSDN博客_feign微服务调用之间的异常处理方式