foreach与for底层比较

直接比较C#的foreach与for循环底层比较，反编译成IL代码一条一条翻译。

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class C {
    
    List<int> list = new List<int>();
    
    public void M() {
        foreach(var i in list){
        }
    }
    
    public void M2(){
        for(int i = 0; i < list.Count; i++){
        }
    }
}

.class private auto ansi '<Module>'
{
} // end of class <Module>

.class public auto ansi beforefieldinit C
    extends [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Object
{
    // Fields
    .field private class [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<int32> list

    // Methods
    .method public hidebysig 
        instance void M () cil managed 
    {
        // Method begins at RVA 0x2050
        // Code size 53 (0x35)		//代码大小53
        .maxstack 1		//计算所用的栈大小1
        .locals init (
            [0] valuetype [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1/Enumerator<int32>,	//声明第一个参数
            [1] int32 i		//声明第二个参数，类型int32，命名i
        )

        IL_0000: nop		//无事发生
        IL_0001: nop
        IL_0002: ldarg.0
        IL_0003: ldfld class [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<int32> C::list
        IL_0008: callvirt instance valuetype [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1/Enumerator<!0> class [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<int32>::GetEnumerator()
        IL_000d: stloc.0
        .try
        {
            // sequence point: hidden
            IL_000e: br.s IL_001a
            // loop start (head: IL_001a)
                IL_0010: ldloca.s 0
                IL_0012: call instance !0 valuetype [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1/Enumerator<int32>::get_Current()
                IL_0017: stloc.1
                IL_0018: nop
                IL_0019: nop

                IL_001a: ldloca.s 0
                IL_001c: call instance bool valuetype [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1/Enumerator<int32>::MoveNext()
                IL_0021: brtrue.s IL_0010
            // end loop

            IL_0023: leave.s IL_0034
        } // end .try
        finally
        {
            // sequence point: hidden
            IL_0025: ldloca.s 0
            IL_0027: constrained. valuetype [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1/Enumerator<int32>
            IL_002d: callvirt instance void [System.Private.CoreLib]System.IDisposable::Dispose()
            IL_0032: nop
            IL_0033: endfinally
        } // end handler

        IL_0034: ret
    } // end of method C::M

    .method public hidebysig 
        instance void M2 () cil managed 
    {
        // Method begins at RVA 0x20a4
        // Code size 30 (0x1e)		//代码大小30
        .maxstack 2		//计算栈大小设置为2
        .locals init (			//有一个Record Frame（线程栈？）
            [0] int32 i,		//声明下标0的int32类型的参数 i
            [1] bool			//声明下标1的bool类型的匿名参数
        )

        IL_0000: nop	//无事发生
        IL_0001: ldc.i4.0	//声明整形，4字节，赋值0，入栈 1
        IL_0002: stloc.0	//赋值给0号参数，出栈 0
        // sequence point: hidden
        IL_0003: br.s IL_000b	无条件跳转 IL_000b
        // loop start (head: IL_000b)
            IL_0005: nop	//无事发生
            IL_0006: nop
            IL_0007: ldloc.0	//取Record Frame的0号参数，入栈 1
            IL_0008: ldc.i4.1	//定义一个4字节整形并赋值1，入栈 2
            IL_0009: add		//相加，参数出栈0 结果入栈1
            IL_000a: stloc.0	//赋值到Record Frame第0个参数，出栈 0

            IL_000b: ldloc.0	///取Record Frame的0号参数，入栈 1
            IL_000c: ldarg.0	//取Record Frame的0号参数，入栈 2
            IL_000d: ldfld class [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<int32> C::list	//加载参数0为List
            IL_0012: callvirt instance int32 class [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<int32>::get_Count()	//计算长度，入栈2
            IL_0017: clt	//小于比较，命令的参数必须在调用前装入堆栈，该函数从堆栈中移除参数并把运算后的结果压入堆栈  出栈 0 入栈 1
            IL_0019: stloc.1	//赋值到Record Frame第1个参数，出栈 0
            // sequence point: hidden
            IL_001a: ldloc.1	//1号变量 取Record Frame的1号参数，入栈 1
            IL_001b: brtrue.s IL_0005	//判断栈顶是否为true，是则跳转 IL_0005 出栈 0
        // end loop

        IL_001d: ret
    } // end of method C::M2

    .method public hidebysig specialname rtspecialname 
        instance void .ctor () cil managed 
    {
        // Method begins at RVA 0x20ce
        // Code size 19 (0x13)
        .maxstack 8

        IL_0000: ldarg.0
        IL_0001: newobj instance void class [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<int32>::.ctor()
        IL_0006: stfld class [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<int32> C::list
        IL_000b: ldarg.0
        IL_000c: call instance void [System.Private.CoreLib]System.Object::.ctor()
        IL_0011: nop
        IL_0012: ret
    } // end of method C::.ctor

} // end of class C