- 手动输入的矩阵示例
#1.手动输入的矩阵示例,
import numpy as np
#直接影响矩阵A
A = np.array([[0, 3, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3,3,1,0,2,3,1,0],
[2,0,1,2,2,1,3,1,3,1,3,1,1,2,2,1,1],
[1,2,0,1,1,2,3,3,3,3,3,1,1,1,0,1,0],
[1,2,1,0,1,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,2,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,1,0,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,1,0,1,0],
[1,1,1,1,2,2,3,0,2,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0],
[2,2,2,2,2,1,0,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,1,1],
[1,1,1,1,2,2,3,0,2,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0],
[1,3,2,3,2,2,3,1,0,1,2,2,2,2,2,1,2],
[1,2,1,1,2,2,3,1,2,0,2,1,1,1,1,1,0],
[1,3,2,3,2,2,3,1,2,2,0,2,2,2,2,1,2],
[2,2,1,2,2,3,3,1,2,1,2,0,1,3,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,2,2,2,2,1,2,1,2,1,0,2,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,2,1,2,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,0,2,2,1],
[2,2,1,2,1,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,2,0,2,1],
[2,2,1,2,1,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,0,1],
[0,1,1,0,1,1,2,0,2,0,2,1,1,1,1,1,0]])
#1.第一种方法,利用编程输入矩阵,输出原因,结果,可达矩阵节点
#1.第一种方法,利用编程输入矩阵,输出原因,结果,可达矩阵节点
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_excel('C:\\Users\\24278\\Desktop\\安财学习\\5.方法\\14DEMATEL\\DEMATEL矩阵示例.xlsx')
# 将 DataFrame 转换为 NumPy 数组
A = df.to_numpy()
print(A)
#行和最大值归一化,得到规范影响矩阵B
row_sum = np.sum(A, axis = 1)
max_sum = np.max(row_sum)
B = A/max_sum
#综合影响矩阵T
T = np.matmul (B, np.linalg.inv(np.identity(A.shape[0]) - B))
#计算影响度D,被影响度C,中心度M,原因度R
D = np.sum(T, axis = 1)
C = np.sum(T, axis = 0)
M = D + C
R = D - C
#判断输出结果要素和原因要素
causal_factors = ''
result_factors = ''
for i in range(len(R)):
if R[i] > 0:
causal_factors = causal_factors + 'x' + str(i + 1) + ' '
elif R[i] < 0:
result_factors = result_factors + 'x' + str(i + 1) + ' '
print("原因要素:" + causal_factors)
print("结果要素:" + result_factors)
print("影响度 (D):", D)
print("被影响度 (C):", R)
print("中心度 (M):", M)
print("原因度 (R):", R)
#使用相应的lambda值计算可达矩阵F,并输出节点度排序
E = T + np.identity(A.shape[0])
lbd = 0.20 # 相应的lambda值
F = E
for i in range(A.shape[0]):
for j in range(A.shape[1]):
if E[i, j] > lbd:
F[i,j] = 1
elif E[i, j] < lbd:
F[i, j] = 0
node_degree = np.sum(F, axis = 0) + np.sum(F, axis = 1)
#print(sorted(node_degree, reverse=True))
#1.第二种方法,利用手动输入矩阵,输出原因,结果
#导入所需库
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
#直接影响矩阵A
A = np.array([[0, 3, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3,3,1,0,2,3,1,0],
[2,0,1,2,2,1,3,1,3,1,3,1,1,2,2,1,1],
[1,2,0,1,1,2,3,3,3,3,3,1,1,1,0,1,0],
[1,2,1,0,1,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,2,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,1,0,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,1,0,1,0],
[1,1,1,1,2,2,3,0,2,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0],
[2,2,2,2,2,1,0,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,1,1],
[1,1,1,1,2,2,3,0,2,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0],
[1,3,2,3,2,2,3,1,0,1,2,2,2,2,2,1,2],
[1,2,1,1,2,2,3,1,2,0,2,1,1,1,1,1,0],
[1,3,2,3,2,2,3,1,2,2,0,2,2,2,2,1,2],
[2,2,1,2,2,3,3,1,2,1,2,0,1,3,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,2,2,2,2,1,2,1,2,1,0,2,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,2,1,2,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,0,2,2,1],
[2,2,1,2,1,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,2,0,2,1],
[2,2,1,2,1,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,0,1],
[0,1,1,0,1,1,2,0,2,0,2,1,1,1,1,1,0]])
#行和最大值归一化,得到规范影响矩阵B
row_sum = np.sum(A, axis = 1)
max_sum = np.max(row_sum)
B = A/max_sum
#综合影响矩阵T
T = np.matmul (B, np.linalg.inv(np.identity(A.shape[0]) - B))
#计算影响度D,被影响度C,中心度M,原因度R
D = np.sum(T, axis = 1)
C = np.sum(T, axis = 0)
M = D + C
R = D - C
#判断输出结果要素和原因要素
causal_factors = ''
result_factors = ''
for i in range(len(R)):
if R[i] > 0:
causal_factors = causal_factors + 'x' + str(i + 1) + ' '
elif R[i] < 0:
result_factors = result_factors + 'x' + str(i + 1) + ' '
print("原因要素:" + causal_factors)
print("结果要素:" + result_factors)
print("影响度 (D):", D)
print("被影响度 (C):", R)
print("中心度 (M):", M)
print("原因度 (R):", R)
#使用相应的lambda值计算可达矩阵F,并输出节点度排序
E = T + np.identity(A.shape[0])
lbd = 0.20 # 相应的lambda值
F = E
for i in range(A.shape[0]):
for j in range(A.shape[1]):
if E[i, j] > lbd:
F[i,j] = 1
elif E[i, j] < lbd:
F[i, j] = 0
node_degree = np.sum(F, axis = 0) + np.sum(F, axis = 1)
#print(sorted(node_degree, reverse=True))
#调用数据库
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams["font.sans-serif"]=["Songti SC"] #设置字体,注意Windows这里可以换成SimHei。(主要是换成自己系统有的字体)
plt.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"]=False #正常显示负号
def dematel(analytic_matrix):
"""
执行DEMATEL分析。
参数:
- analytic_matrix: numpy数组,表示元素间的直接关系矩阵。
返回值:
- D: 表示总关系矩阵行和的numpy数组,指示影响程度。
- C: 表示总关系矩阵列和的numpy数组,指示被影响程度。
- M: 表示元素的总重要性的numpy数组;中心度
- R: 表示元素间因果关系的numpy数组;原因度
- priority: 权重,D+C的归一化 (注:这个权重应该不能直接理解成重要性;关键影响因素的确定应该综合考虑中心度、原因度、影响度和被影响度,具体确认方法可以参考《情报科学》上的一些论文,例如:DOI,10.13833/j.issn.1007-7634.2023.09.006)
- status: 字符串,指示分析的成功或失败状态。
"""
# 步骤1: 标准化矩阵
# 对每一行求和,找到和的最大值
max_row_sum = np.max(analytic_matrix.sum(axis=1))
print(max_row_sum)
# 使用最大行和的值进行标准化
normalized_matrix = analytic_matrix / max_row_sum
# 步骤2: 计算总关系矩阵
identity_matrix = np.eye(len(normalized_matrix)) # 与分析矩阵同维度的单位矩阵
print(identity_matrix)
try:
inv_matrix = np.linalg.inv(identity_matrix - normalized_matrix) # 计算逆矩阵
total_relation_matrix = np.dot(normalized_matrix, inv_matrix) # 计算总关系矩阵
except np.linalg.LinAlgError:
return None, None, None, None, "矩阵求逆失败。提供的矩阵可能不可逆。"
# 步骤3: 计算 D, C, M, R
D = total_relation_matrix.sum(axis=1) # 行和,影响程度
C = total_relation_matrix.sum(axis=0) # 列和,被影响程度
M = D + C # 中心度
priority = M/M.sum() # 权重
R = D - C # 原因度
return D, C, M,priority, R, "成功"
# 示例使用
analytic_matrix = np.array([[0, 3, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3,3,1,0,2,3,1,0],
[2,0,1,2,2,1,3,1,3,1,3,1,1,2,2,1,1],
[1,2,0,1,1,2,3,3,3,3,3,1,1,1,0,1,0],
[1,2,1,0,1,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,2,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,1,0,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,1,0,1,0],
[1,1,1,1,2,2,3,0,2,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0],
[2,2,2,2,2,1,0,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,1,1],
[1,1,1,1,2,2,3,0,2,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0],
[1,3,2,3,2,2,3,1,0,1,2,2,2,2,2,1,2],
[1,2,1,1,2,2,3,1,2,0,2,1,1,1,1,1,0],
[1,3,2,3,2,2,3,1,2,2,0,2,2,2,2,1,2],
[2,2,1,2,2,3,3,1,2,1,2,0,1,3,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,2,2,2,2,1,2,1,2,1,0,2,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,2,1,2,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,0,2,2,1],
[2,2,1,2,1,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,2,0,2,1],
[2,2,1,2,1,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,0,1],
[0,1,1,0,1,1,2,0,2,0,2,1,1,1,1,1,0]])
D, C, M, priority, R, status = dematel(analytic_matrix)
if status == "成功":
print("影响度 (D):", D)
print("被影响度 (C):", C)
print("中心度 (M):", M)
print("权重priority:",priority)
print("原因度 (R):", R)
else:
print(status)
# 绘制中心度-原因度因果关系图
# 绘制因果关系图
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
plt.scatter(M, R, color='blue') # 绘制点
# 标注每个点的因素编号(可选)
for i, (x, y) in enumerate(zip(M, R), start=1):
plt.text(x, y, f'F{i}', fontsize=9)
# 添加轴标签
plt.xlabel('中心度')
plt.ylabel('原因度')
# 绘制中心度和因果度的平均值线(可选)
plt.axvline(x=np.mean(M), color='red', linestyle='--')
plt.axhline(y=np.mean(R), color='red', linestyle='--')
# 设置图表标题
plt.title('因果图 (Causal Diagram)')
# 显示图表
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#设置图形格式
config = {
"font.family": 'serif',
"font.size": 14,
"mathtext.fontset": 'stix',
"font.serif": ['SimSun'],
'axes.unicode_minus': False
}
mpl.rcParams.update(config)
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
#直接影响矩阵A
A = np.array([[0, 3, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3,3,1,0,2,3,1,0],
[2,0,1,2,2,1,3,1,3,1,3,1,1,2,2,1,1],
[1,2,0,1,1,2,3,3,3,3,3,1,1,1,0,1,0],
[1,2,1,0,1,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,2,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,1,0,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,1,0,1,0],
[1,1,1,1,2,2,3,0,2,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0],
[2,2,2,2,2,1,0,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,1,1],
[1,1,1,1,2,2,3,0,2,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0],
[1,3,2,3,2,2,3,1,0,1,2,2,2,2,2,1,2],
[1,2,1,1,2,2,3,1,2,0,2,1,1,1,1,1,0],
[1,3,2,3,2,2,3,1,2,2,0,2,2,2,2,1,2],
[2,2,1,2,2,3,3,1,2,1,2,0,1,3,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,2,2,2,2,1,2,1,2,1,0,2,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,2,1,2,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,0,2,2,1],
[2,2,1,2,1,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,1,2,0,2,1],
[2,2,1,2,1,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,0,1],
[0,1,1,0,1,1,2,0,2,0,2,1,1,1,1,1,0]])
#行和最大值归一化,得到规范影响矩阵B
row_sum = np.sum(A, axis = 1)
max_sum = np.max(row_sum)
B = A/max_sum
#综合影响矩阵T
T = np.matmul (B, np.linalg.inv(np.identity(A.shape[0]) - B))
#计算影响度D,被影响度C,中心度M,原因度R
D = np.sum(T, axis = 1)
C = np.sum(T, axis = 0)
M = D + C
R = D - C
x=M
y=R
#因子名
factors_name = [r'$x_1$', r'$x_2$', r'$x_3$', r'$x_4$', r'$x_5$',
r'$x_6$', r'$x_7$', r'$x_8$', r'$x_9$', r'$x_{10}$', r'$x_{11}$', r'$x_{12}$',r'$x_{13}$',r'$x_{14}$',r'$x_{15}$',r'$x_{16}$',r'$x_{17}$']
#画散点图,并增加相应名称、线段和调整大小和位置
plt.scatter(x, y, s=3, c='k')
plt.xlabel('中心度')
plt.ylabel('原因度')
# 设置XY轴 相互重叠的坐标点的修改上下移动使图片更加美观
for i in range(len(x)):
if i == 16:
plt.text(x[i]+0.125, y[i]-0.1, factors_name[i], fontsize=14)
elif i == 7:
plt.text(x[i]+0.025, y[i]+0.12, factors_name[i], fontsize=14)
elif i == 2:
plt.text(x[i]-0.18, y[i]-0.1, factors_name[i], fontsize=14)
elif i == 13:
plt.text(x[i]+0.18, y[i]-0.1, factors_name[i], fontsize=14)
elif i == 10:
plt.text(x[i]-0.18, y[i]-0.1, factors_name[i], fontsize=14)
elif i == 11:
plt.text(x[i]-0.15, y[i]-0.12, factors_name[i], fontsize=14)
else:
plt.text(x[i]+0.025, y[i]+0.025, factors_name[i], fontsize=14)
# 设置XY轴与虚线
plt.vlines(sum(x)/len(x), -1.8, 1.8, colors='k', linestyles='dashed')
plt.hlines(0, sum(x)/len(x)-2.2, sum(x)/len(x)+2.2, colors='k', linestyles='dashed')
plt.xlim(sum(x)/len(x)-2.2, sum(x)/len(x)+2.2)
plt.ylim(-1.8, 1.8)
# 设置四个象限
plt.text(sum(x)/len(x)+2-0.2, 1.4-0.1, 'Ⅰ')
plt.text(sum(x)/len(x)-2+0.1, 1.4-0.1, 'Ⅱ')
plt.text(sum(x)/len(x)-2+0.1, -1.55+0.1, 'Ⅲ')
plt.text(sum(x)/len(x)+2-0.2, -1.55+0.1, 'Ⅳ')
# 设置图表标题
plt.title('因果图 (Causal Diagram)', fontsize=15)
plt.show()