Python——魔法方法：描述符（Property的原理）

class MyDes:
    def __init__(self, initval=None, name=None):
        self.val = initval
        self.name = name

    def __get__(self, instance, owner):
        print('正在获取变量：', self.name)
        return self.val

    def __set__(self, instance, value):
        print('正在修改变量：', self.name)
        self.val = value

    def __delete__(self, instance):
        print('正在删除变量：', self.name)
        print('噢~这个变量没法删除~')


class Test:
    x = MyDes(10, 'x')


test = Test()
y = test.x
print(y)
test.x = 8
del test.x
print(test.x)

 

import time


class Record:
    def __init__(self, initval=None, name=None):
        self.val = initval
        self.name = name
        self.filename = 'record.txt'

    def __get__(self, instance, owner):
        with open(self.filename, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write('%s 变量于北京时间 %s 被读取, %s = %s\n' % (self.name, time.ctime(), self.name, str(self.val)))
        return self.val

    def __set__(self, instance, value):
        filename = '%s_record.txt' % self.name
        with open(self.filename, 'a', encoding='utf=8') as f:
            f.write('%s 变量于北京时间 %s 被修改, %s = %s\n' % (self.name, time.ctime(), self.name, str(value)))
        self.val = value


class Test:
    x = Record(10, 'x')
    y = Record(8.8, 'y')


test = Test()
print(test.x)
print(test.y)
test.x = 123
test.x = 1.23
test.y = 'I love FishC.com!'

import os
import pickle


class MyDes:
    saved = []

    def __init__(self, name=None):
        self.name = name
        self.filename = self.name + '.pkl'

    def __get__(self, instance, owner):
        if self.name not in MyDes.saved:
            raise AttributeError('%s 属性还没有赋值！' % self.name)

        with open(self.filename, 'rb') as f:
            value = pickle.load(f)

        return value

    def __set__(self, instance, value):
        with open(self.filename, 'wb') as f:
            pickle.dump(value, f)
            MyDes.saved.append(self.name)

    def __delete__(self, instance):
        os.remove(self.filename)
        MyDes.saved.remove(self.name)


class Test:
    x = MyDes('x')
    y = MyDes('y')


test = Test()
test.x = 123
test.y = 'I love FishC.com!'
print(test.x)
print(test.y)
del test.x