Spring中转账案例增加事务
我们先来看看在没有添加事务前是怎么样的
一、没有添加事务前
不使用骨架新建一个maven项目
pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.jc</groupId>
<artifactId>Account</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-dbutils/commons-dbutils -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
<version>1.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.32</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
AccountDao
package com.jc.dao;
import com.jc.domain.Account;
import java.util.List;
public interface AccountDao {
/**
* 查询所有
* @return
*/
List<Account> findAllAccount();
/**
* 查询一个
* @return
*/
Account findAccountById(Integer accountId);
/**
* 保存
* @param account
*/
void saveAccount(Account account);
/**
* 更新
* @param account
*/
void updateAccount(Account account);
/**
* 删除
* @param accountId
*/
void deleteAccount(Integer accountId);
/**
* 根据名称查询账户
* @param accountName
* @return 如果有唯一的一个结果就返回，如果没有结果就返回null
* 如果超过一个结果就报异常
*/
Account findAccountByName(String accountName);
}
AccountDaoImpl
package com.jc.dao.impl;
import com.jc.dao.AccountDao;
import com.jc.domain.Account;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import java.util.List;
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
private QueryRunner runner;
public void setRunner(QueryRunner runner) {
this.runner = runner;
}
public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
try{
return runner.query("select * from account",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class));
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
try{
return runner.query("select * from account where id = ? ",new BeanHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public void saveAccount(Account account) {
try{
runner.update("insert into account(name,money)values(?,?)",account.getName(),account.getMoney());
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
try{
runner.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public void deleteAccount(Integer accountId) {
try{
runner.update("delete from account where id=?",accountId);
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
try{
List<Account> accounts =runner.query("select * from account where name = ? ",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
if(accounts==null||accounts.size()==0){
return null;
}
if(accounts.size()>1){
throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一，数据有问题");
}
return accounts.get(0);
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
AccountService
package com.jc.service;
import com.jc.domain.Account;
import java.util.List;
public interface AccountService {
/**
* 查询所有
* @return
*/
List<Account> findAllAccount();
/**
* 查询一个
* @return
*/
Account findAccountById(Integer accountId);
/**
* 保存
* @param account
*/
void saveAccount(Account account);
/**
* 更新
* @param account
*/
void updateAccount(Account account);
/**
* 删除
* @param accountId
*/
void deleteAccount(Integer accountId);
/**
* 转账
* @param sourceName 转出账户名称
* @param targetName 转入账户名称
* @param money 转账金额
*/
void transfer(String sourceName,String targetName,Float money);
}
AccountServiceImpl
package com.jc.service.impl;
import com.jc.dao.AccountDao;
import com.jc.domain.Account;
import com.jc.service.AccountService;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 账户的业务层实现类
*
* 事务控制应该都是在业务层
*/
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
private AccountDao accountDao;
public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
this.accountDao = accountDao;
}
public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
return accountDao.findAllAccount();
}
public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
return accountDao.findAccountById(accountId);
}
public void saveAccount(Account account) {
accountDao.saveAccount(account);
}
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
accountDao.updateAccount(account);
}
public void deleteAccount(Integer acccountId) {
accountDao.deleteAccount(acccountId);
}
public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) {
System.out.println("transfer....");
//2.1根据名称查询转出账户
Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName);
//2.2根据名称查询转入账户
Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName);
//2.3转出账户减钱
source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money);
//2.4转入账户加钱
target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money);
//2.5更新转出账户
accountDao.updateAccount(source);
//2.6更新转入账户
accountDao.updateAccount(target);
}
}
bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--Service用到了Dao，Dao用到了query 所以在Service中注入Dao 在Dao中注入query-->
<!--配置Service-->
<bean id="accountService" class="com.jc.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
<!--注入dao-->
<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置Dao对象-->
<bean id="accountDao" class="com.jc.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
<!--注入QueryRunner-->
<property name="runner" ref="runner"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置QueryRunnner对象-->
<bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype">
<!--如果没有scope="prototype"，则runner为单例对象，可能会导致多个dao在使用同一个对象，可能一个在用，一个还没用完 导致线程干扰
scope="prototype"保证了每个对象都是新的-->
<!--注入数据源 使用构造函数注入-->
<constructor-arg name="ds" ref="dataSourse"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<!--配置数据源-->
<bean id="dataSourse" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!--连接数据库的必备信息-->
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property>
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
AccountServiceTest
package com.jc.test;
import com.jc.service.AccountService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//让测试运行于Spring测试环境,否则juint不知道是运行在spring中，也不会去读取配置文件，也就不能自动注入as，而必须采用获取容器的方法获取as
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:bean.xml")//告知我们使用了Spring框架，并告知配置文件
public class AccountServiceTest {
@Autowired
private AccountService as;
@Test
public void testTransfer(){
as.transfer("aaa","bbb",100f);
}
}
执行，可以发现数据库中数据已发生改变：
但是我们如果在转账方法中添加异常，如：
public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) {
System.out.println("transfer....");
//2.1根据名称查询转出账户
Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName);
//2.2根据名称查询转入账户
Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName);
//2.3转出账户减钱
source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money);
//2.4转入账户加钱
target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money);
//2.5更新转出账户
accountDao.updateAccount(source);
int i=1/0;
//2.6更新转入账户
accountDao.updateAccount(target);
}
报错，且数据库中只修改了一个人的数据：
不满足一致性
减钱的提交了 加钱的没提交
原因分析：每次获取一个连接connection
但实际上我们只能有一次连接，要么一起成功，要么一起失败
需要使用ThreadLocal对象把Connection和当前线程绑定，从而使一个线程中只有一个能控制事务的对象
二、添加事务
ConnectionUtils
package com.jc.utils;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
/**
* 连接的工具类，它用于从数据源中获取一个连接，并且实现和线程的绑定
*/
public class ConnectionUtils {
private ThreadLocal<Connection> tl = new ThreadLocal<Connection>();
//ThreadLocal并不是一个Thread，而是Thread的局部变量。我们就使用ThreadLocal这个类来对Connection进行一下简单的封装
private DataSource dataSource;
//用于注入
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
}
/**
* 获取当前线程上的连接
* @return
*/
public Connection getThreadConnection() {
try{
//1.先从ThreadLocal上获取
Connection conn = tl.get();
//2.判断当前线程上是否有连接
if (conn == null) {
//3.从数据源中获取一个连接，并且存入ThreadLocal中
conn = dataSource.getConnection();
tl.set(conn);
}
//4.返回当前线程上的连接
return conn;
}catch (Exception e){
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public void removeConnection(){
tl.remove();
}
}
TransactionManager
package com.jc.utils;
/**
* 和事务管理相关的工具类，它包含了，开启事务，提交事务，回滚事务和释放连接
*/
public class TransactionManager {
private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
//用于注入
public void setConnectionUtils(ConnectionUtils connectionUtils) {
this.connectionUtils = connectionUtils;
}
/**
* 开启事务
*/
public void beginTransaction(){
try {
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().setAutoCommit(false);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 提交事务
*/
public void commit(){
try {
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().commit();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 回滚事务
*/
public void rollback(){
try {
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().rollback();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 释放连接
*/
public void release(){
try {
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().close();//还回连接池中
connectionUtils.removeConnection();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
AccountServiceImpl
添加事务管理，并在方法中使用事务
package com.jc.service.impl;
import com.jc.dao.AccountDao;
import com.jc.domain.Account;
import com.jc.service.AccountService;
import com.jc.utils.TransactionManager;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 账户的业务层实现类
*
* 事务控制应该都是在业务层
*/
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
private AccountDao accountDao;
private TransactionManager txManager;
public void setTxManager(TransactionManager txManager) {
this.txManager = txManager;
}
public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
this.accountDao = accountDao;
}
public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
try {
//1.开启事务
txManager.beginTransaction();
//2.执行操作
List<Account> accounts = accountDao.findAllAccount();
//3.提交事务
txManager.commit();
//4.返回结果
return accounts;
}catch (Exception e){
//5.回滚操作
txManager.rollback();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}finally {
//6.释放连接
txManager.release();
}
}
public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
try {
//1.开启事务
txManager.beginTransaction();
//2.执行操作
Account account = accountDao.findAccountById(accountId);
//3.提交事务
txManager.commit();
//4.返回结果
return account;
}catch (Exception e){
//5.回滚操作
txManager.rollback();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}finally {
//6.释放连接
txManager.release();
}
}
public void saveAccount(Account account) {
try {
//1.开启事务
txManager.beginTransaction();
//2.执行操作
accountDao.saveAccount(account);
//3.提交事务
txManager.commit();
}catch (Exception e){
//4.回滚操作
txManager.rollback();
}finally {
//5.释放连接
txManager.release();
}
}
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
try {
//1.开启事务
txManager.beginTransaction();
//2.执行操作
accountDao.updateAccount(account);
//3.提交事务
txManager.commit();
}catch (Exception e){
//4.回滚操作
txManager.rollback();
}finally {
//5.释放连接
txManager.release();
}
}
public void deleteAccount(Integer acccountId) {
try {
//1.开启事务
txManager.beginTransaction();
//2.执行操作
accountDao.deleteAccount(acccountId);
//3.提交事务
txManager.commit();
}catch (Exception e){
//4.回滚操作
txManager.rollback();
}finally {
//5.释放连接
txManager.release();
}
}
public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) {
try {
//1.开启事务
txManager.beginTransaction();
//2.执行操作
//2.1根据名称查询转出账户
Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName);
//2.2根据名称查询转入账户
Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName);
//2.3转出账户减钱
source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money);
//2.4转入账户加钱
target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money);
//2.5更新转出账户
accountDao.updateAccount(source);
int i=1/0;
//2.6更新转入账户
accountDao.updateAccount(target);
//3.提交事务
txManager.commit();
}catch (Exception e){
//4.回滚操作
txManager.rollback();
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
//5.释放连接
txManager.release();
}
}
}
AccountDaoImpl
在dao中添加连接的工具，并在query中使用connectionUtils.getThreadConnection()
package com.jc.dao.impl;
import com.jc.dao.AccountDao;
import com.jc.domain.Account;
import com.jc.utils.ConnectionUtils;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import java.util.List;
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
private QueryRunner runner;
private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
public void setConnectionUtils(ConnectionUtils connectionUtils) {
this.connectionUtils = connectionUtils;
}
public void setRunner(QueryRunner runner) {
this.runner = runner;
}
public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
try{
return runner.query(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"select * from account",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class));
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
try{
return runner.query(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"select * from account where id = ? ",new BeanHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public void saveAccount(Account account) {
try{
runner.update(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"insert into account(name,money)values(?,?)",account.getName(),account.getMoney());
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
try{
runner.update(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public void deleteAccount(Integer accountId) {
try{
runner.update(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"delete from account where id=?",accountId);
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
try{
List<Account> accounts =runner.query(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"select * from account where name = ? ",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
if(accounts==null||accounts.size()==0){
return null;
}
if(accounts.size()>1){
throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一，数据有问题");
}
return accounts.get(0);
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
bean.xml
配置Connection的工具类ConnectionUtils，并在其中注入数据源
配置事务管理器，并在其中注入ConnectionUtils
原本的QueryRunner中注入了数据源，就会从数据源中获取连接，我们现在不想使他从中获取连接，因此
QueryRunner中取消注入数据源
Dao中使用了ConnectionUtils所以注入
Service中使用了事务管理器，所以注入
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--Service用到了Dao，Dao用到了query 所以在Service中注入Dao 在Dao中注入query-->
<!--配置Service-->
<bean id="accountService" class="com.jc.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
<!--注入dao-->
<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
<!--注入事务管理器-->
<property name="txManager" ref="txManager"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置Dao对象-->
<bean id="accountDao" class="com.jc.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
<!--注入QueryRunner-->
<property name="runner" ref="runner"></property>
<!--注入ConnectionUtils-->
<property name="connectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置QueryRunnner对象-->
<bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype">
<!--如果没有scope="prototype"，则runner为单例对象，可能会导致多个dao在使用同一个对象，可能一个在用，一个还没用完 导致线程干扰
scope="prototype"保证了每个对象都是新的-->
<!--注入数据源 使用构造函数注入-->
<!--<constructor-arg name="ds" ref="dataSourse"></constructor-arg>-->
</bean>
<!--配置数据源-->
<bean id="dataSourse" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!--连接数据库的必备信息-->
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property>
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置Connection的工具类ConnectionUtils-->
<bean id="connectionUtils" class="com.jc.utils.ConnectionUtils">
<!--注入数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourse"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置事务管理器 给业务层用 且事务管理器的工具类TransactionManager中用到了connection 所以还要在里面注入connection-->
<bean id="txManager" class="com.jc.utils.TransactionManager">
<!--注入ConnectionUtils-->
<property name="connectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
在测试，就可以发现如果有异常，报错后，两个对象都没有改变，保持了一致性
扫一扫
372
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
