Spring通过事务实现模拟银行转账案例

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-12 14:54:59 发布

夏木炎

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-12 14:54:59 发布

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分类专栏：后端框架文章标签： spring 事务 JDBC

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1. 案例结构

2. 所用数据库表

3. jdbc.properties配置文件

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/test?characterEncoding\=utf-8
username=root
password=root
initialSize=5
maxActive=50
maxIdle=10
minIdle=5

4. 1 applicationContext.xml 注解方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
">  
	<!-- 启用注解 -->
	<context:annotation-config/>
	<!--扫描生成单例实体对象  -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhq.*"/>
	<!-- 用于加载连接数据库的属性文件 --> 
	<bean id="preferencesPlaceholderConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer">
		<property name="location" value="classpath:config/jdbc.properties"/>
	</bean>
	<!--配置数据源，创建与数据库的连接池  -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"></property>
		<property name="url" value="${url}"></property>
		<property name="username" value="${username}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
		<!--连接池配置  -->
		<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
		<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
		<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
		<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
	</bean>
	<!--采用Spring提供的Jdbc对象，可以操作数据  -->
	<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
		<!--配置数据源对象  -->
		<constructor-arg ref="dataSource"/>
	</bean>
	<!--事务的配置  -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<!--事务的处理要依赖现有的数据源  -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
	</bean>
	<!--开启注解配置事务  -->
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

4.2 applicationContext.xml XML方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
">  
	<!-- 启用注解 -->
	<context:annotation-config/>
	<!--扫描生成单例实体对象  -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhq.*"/>
	<!-- 用于加载连接数据库的属性文件 --> 
	<bean id="preferencesPlaceholderConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer">
		<property name="location" value="classpath:config/jdbc.properties"/>
	</bean>
	<!--配置数据源，创建与数据库的连接池  -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"></property>
		<property name="url" value="${url}"></property>
		<property name="username" value="${username}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
		<!--连接池配置  -->
		<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
		<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
		<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
		<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
	</bean>
	<!--采用Spring提供的Jdbc对象，可以操作数据  -->
	<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
		<!--配置数据源对象  -->
		<constructor-arg ref="dataSource"/>
	</bean>
	<!--启用事务  -->
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
	<!--事务的配置  -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<!--事务的处理要依赖现有的数据源  -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
	</bean>
	<!--用XML来做事务的配置  -->
	<aop:config>
		<!--切入点  -->
		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.zhq.service.*.*(..))" id="txPoint"/>
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPoint"/>
	</aop:config>
	<!--事务属性  -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<!--事务的传播行为  -->
			<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
</beans>

5. pojo代码

package com.zhq.pojo;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public class Bank {
	private int account;
	private double money;
	public int getAccount() {
		return account;
	}
	public void setAccount(int account) {
		this.account = account;
	}
	public double getMoney() {
		return money;
	}
	public void setMoney(double money) {
		this.money = money;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Bank [account=" + account + ", money=" + money + "]";
	}
	
}

6. dao代码

package com.zhq.dao;

public interface BankDao {
	//根据账号查询余额
	public double getMoneyById(String account); 
	//根据账号存钱
	public void addMoney(String account,double money);
	//根据账号取钱
	public void subMoney(String account,double money);

}

package com.zhq.dao;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.zhq.util.MyException;

@Repository
public class BankDaoImpl implements BankDao {
	@Autowired
	JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

	@Override
	public double getMoneyById(String account) {
		String sql="select money from bank where account=?";
		return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new Object[] {account}, double.class);
	}

	@Override
	public void addMoney(String account, double money) {
		String sql="update bank set money=money+? where account=?";
		jdbcTemplate.update(sql, money,account);	
	}

	@Override
	public void subMoney(String account, double money) {
		double num=getMoneyById(account);//查询余额
		if(num>money) {//余额充足，可以取钱
			String sql="update bank set money=money-? where account=?";
			jdbcTemplate.update(sql, money,account);
		}else {//余额不足，向外抛出异常
			throw new MyException("余额不足");
		}	
	}
	
}

7. service 代码

package com.zhq.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.zhq.dao.BankDao;

@Repository
public class BankService {
	@Autowired
	BankDao dao;
	@Transactional//如果是XML方式@Transactional不需要
	public void transferAccounts(String inAccount,String outAccount,double money) {
		dao.addMoney(inAccount, money);
		dao.subMoney(outAccount, money);
	}
}

8. util代码

package com.zhq.util;
/**
 * 自定义异常类
 * */
public class MyException extends RuntimeException {
   public MyException(String msg) {
	   super(msg);
   }
}

9. controller 代码

package com.zhq.controller;


import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.zhq.service.BankService;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext cxt=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config/applicationContext.xml");
		BankService ser=(BankService) cxt.getBean(BankService.class);
		try {
			ser.transferAccounts("10001", "10002", 500);
			System.out.println("转账成功！");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage()+"，转账失败！");
		}
	}

}

10. 运行效果

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Spring通过事务实现模拟银行转账案例

1. 案例结构2. 所用数据库表3. jdbc.properties配置文件driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverurl=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/test?characterEncoding\=utf-8username=rootpassword=rootinitialSize=5maxActive
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