c++ Primer Plus 第六章 答案

第1题

#include <iostream>
#include <cctype>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	char ch;
	cout << "Enter something: ";
	while (cin.get(ch) && ch != '@')
	{
		if (!isdigit(ch))
		{
			if (isalpha(ch))
			{
				if (isupper(ch))
				{
					ch = tolower(ch);
				}
				else if (islower(ch))
				{
					ch = toupper(ch);
				}
			}
			cout << ch;
		}
	}
}

第2题

#include <iostream>
#include <array>
const int num = 5;
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	array <double, num> donations;
	int i;
	double sum = 0;
	cout << "Enter donation #1: ";
	for (i = 0; i < num && cin >> donations[i]; i++)
	{
		if ((i + 2) <= num)
		{
			cout << "Enter donation #" << i + 2 << ": ";
		}
		sum += donations[i];
	}
	cout << "You enter " << i << " numbers.\n";
	for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
	{
		cout << "donation[" << j + 1 << "] = " << donations[j] << endl;
	}
	cout << "sum = " << sum << endl;
	double average = sum / i;
	cout << "average = " << average << endl;

	int average_num = 0;
	for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
	{
		if (donations[j] > average)
		{
			cout << "donations[" << j+1 << "] = " << donations[j] << " > average.\n";
			average_num++;
		}
	}
	cout << average_num << " numbers > average.\n";
}

第3题

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void showmenu();

int main()
{
	char ch;
	showmenu();
	while (cin >> ch && ch != 'q' && ch != 'Q')
	{
		switch (ch)
		{
		case 'c':
		case 'C':cout << "You choose carnivore.\n";
			break;
		case 'p':
		case 'P':cout << "You choose pianist.\n";
			break;
		case 't':
		case 'T':cout << "You choose tree.\n";
			break;
		case 'g':
		case 'G':cout << "You choose game.\n";
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
		cout << "Please enter a c, p, t, or g: ";
	}
}

void showmenu()
{
	cout << "Please enter one of the following choices:\n"
		"c) carnivore \t\t p) pianist\n"
		"t) tree \t\t g) game\n"
		"q) quit\n"
		"Please enter a c, p, t, or g (q to quit): ";
}

第4题

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int strsize = 20;
void showmenu();
struct bop {
	char fullname[strsize];
	char title[strsize];
	char bopname[strsize];
	int preference;  //0 = fullname, 1 = title, 2 = bopname
};

int main()
{
	bop bops[5] = 
	{
		{"Wimp Macho","teacher","WM",0},
		{"Raki Rhodes","student","RR",1},
		{"Celia Laiter","Boss","CL",2},
		{"Hoppy Hipman","staff","HH",1},
		{"Pat Hand","police","PH",0}
	};
	char ch;
	showmenu();
	while (cin >> ch && ch != 'q')
	{
		switch (ch)
		{
		case 'a':
		case 'A':
			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
			{
				cout << bops[i].fullname << endl;
			}
			break;

		case 'b':
		case 'B':
			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
			{
				cout << bops[i].title << endl;
			}
			break;

		case 'c':
		case 'C':
			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
			{
				cout << bops[i].bopname << endl;
			}
			break;

		case 'd':
		case 'D':
			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
			{
				switch (bops[i].preference)
				{
				case 0:cout << bops[i].fullname << endl;
					break;
				case 1:cout << bops[i].title << endl;
					break;
				case 2:cout << bops[i].bopname << endl;
					break;
				default:
					cout << "Unknown preference!\n";
					break;
				}
			}
			break;

		default:
			cout << "Unknown choice!\n";
			break;
		}
		cout << "Next choice: ";
	}
	cout << "Bye!\n";
}

void showmenu()
{
	cout << "Benevolent Order of Programmers Report\n"
		"a. display by name \t\t b. display by title\n"
		"c. display by bopname \t\t d. display by preference\n"
		"q. quit\n"
		"Enter your choice: ";
}

第5题

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	double income;
	double tax = 0;
	cout << "Enter your income: ";
	while (cin >> income && income >= 0)
	{
		if (income >= 0 && income <= 5000)
		{
			tax = 0;
		}
		else if (income >= 5001 && income <= 15000)
		{
			tax = (income - 5000) * 0.1;
		}
		else if (income >= 15001 && income <= 35000)
		{
			tax = 10000 * 0.1 + (income - 15000) * 0.15;
		}
		else if (income >= 35001)
		{
			tax = 10000 * 0.1 + 20000 * 0.15 + (income - 35000) * 0.2;
		}
		cout << "Your tax = " << tax << endl;
		cout << "Enter your income: ";
	}
	cout << "Bad input. Bye!\n";

}

第6题

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct donor
{
	string name;
	double money=0;
};

int main()
{
	int num = 0;
	cout << "请输入捐献者数目：";
	cin >> num;
	cin.get();
	while (num < 0)
	{
		cout << "输入不能小于0！\n"
			<< "请重新输入：";
		cin >> num;
		cin.get();
	}

	if (num == 0)
	{
		cout << "没有捐赠者！\n";
	}
	else if (num > 0)
	{
		donor* donors = new donor[num];
		for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
		{
			cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "位捐赠者姓名：";
			getline(cin, donors[i].name);
			cout << "请输入" << donors[i].name << "捐款数：";
			cin >> donors[i].money;
			cin.get();
			while (donors[i].money <= 0)
			{
				cout << "请输入大于0的数字！\n"
					<< "请重新输入：";
				cin >> donors[i].money;
				cin.get();
			}
		}

		cout << "*****Grand Patrons*****\n";
		int GP_num = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
		{
			if (donors[i].money >= 10000)
			{
				cout << "姓名：" << donors[i].name << "\t金额：" << donors[i].money << endl;
				GP_num++;
			}
		}
		if (GP_num == 0)
		{
			cout << "none.\n";
		}

		cout << "*****Patrons*****\n";
		int P_num = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
		{
			if (donors[i].money < 10000)
			{
				cout << "姓名：" << donors[i].name << "\t金额：" << donors[i].money << endl;
				P_num++;
			}
		}
		if (P_num == 0)
		{
			cout << "none.\n";
		}
	}
}

第7题

#include <iostream>
#include <cctype>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	string word;
	int v_count = 0;
	int c_count = 0;
	int o_count = 0;
	cout << "Enter words (q to quit):\n";

	while (cin >> word && word != "q")
	{
		if (isalpha(word[0]))
		{
			switch (word[0])
			{
			case 'a':
			case 'A':
			case 'e':
			case 'E':
			case 'i':
			case 'I':
			case 'o':
			case 'O':
			case 'u':
			case 'U':
				v_count++;
				break;
			default:
				c_count++;
				break;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			o_count++;
		}
	}
	cout << v_count << " words beginning with vowels.\n"
		<< c_count << " words beginning with consonants.\n"
		<< o_count << " others.\n";
}

第8题

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	char ch;
	int count = 0;

	char filename[20];
	cout << "Input file name: ";
	cin.getline(filename, 20);
	ifstream infile;
	infile.open(filename);

	if (!infile.is_open())
	{
		cout << "Could not open the file " << filename << endl;
		cout << "Program terminating.\n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	infile.get(ch);
	while (infile.good())
	{
		cout << ch;
		if (ch != ' ' && ch != '\n')
		{
			count++;
		}
		infile.get(ch);
	}

	if (infile.eof())
	{
		cout << "\nEnd of file reached.\n";
	}
	else if (infile.fail())
	{
		cout << "Input terminated by data mismatch.\n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "Input terminated for unknown reason.\n";
	}

	if (count==0)
	{
		cout << "No data processed.\n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "Items read: " << count << endl;
	}

	infile.close();
}

第9题

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

struct Patronage {
	string name;
	double money;
};

int main()
{
	ifstream infile;
	infile.open("d:\\a.txt");
	if (!infile.is_open())
	{
		cout << "Could not open the file d:\a.txt.\n";
		cout << "Program terminating.\n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	int count;
	int GP_count = 0, P_count = 0;
	infile >> count;
	infile.get();
	Patronage* patronages = new Patronage[count];
	while (infile.good())
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
		{
			getline(infile, patronages[i].name);
			infile >> patronages[i].money;
			infile.get();
			if (patronages[i].money >= 10000)
			{
				GP_count++;
			}
			else if (patronages[i].money > 0 && patronages[i].money < 10000)
			{
				P_count++;
			}
		}
	}
	if (infile.eof())
	{
		cout << "End of file reached.\n";
	}
	else if (infile.fail())
	{
		cout << "Input terminated by data mismatch.\n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "Input terminated for unknown reason.\n";
	}


	if (count <= 0)
	{
		cout << "No patron.\n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "***** Grand Patrons *****\n";
		if (GP_count == 0)
		{
			cout << "none\n";
		}
		else
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
			{
				if (patronages[i].money >= 10000)
				{
					cout << "Name: " << patronages[i].name << "\t Patronages: " << patronages[i].money << endl;
				}
			}
		}

		cout << "***** Patrons *****\n";
		if (P_count == 0)
		{
			cout << "none\n";
		}
		else
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
			{
				if (patronages[i].money > 0 && patronages[i].money < 10000)
				{
					cout << "Name: " << patronages[i].name << "\t Patronages: " << patronages[i].money << endl;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	delete patronages;
	infile.close();
}