C++ Primer Plus 第六章答案 分支语句和逻辑运算符

复习题

//6.10
//1
两个版本将给出相同的答案，但是if - else效率更高，因为第一个版本在检测到空格后再次判断是否为换行符
而第二个版本不会检测，因此不会浪费时间

//2
++ch和ch + 1得到的数值相同，但是++ch的类型为char，而ch + 1的类型为int，一个输出字符一个输出数字

//3
漏了一个等号
Hi!
H$i$!$
$Send $10 or $20 now!
S$e$n$d$ $ct1 = 0, ct2 = 9
会读取换行符，因此输出\n后再在第二行输出一个$

//4
wieght >= 125 && weight < 125;
ch == 'q' || ch == 'Q';
!(x % 2) && x != 26;
!(x % 2) && x % 26;
guest == 1 || donation >= 1000 && donatin <= 2000;
(ch <= 'z' && ch >= 'a') || (ch <= 'Z' && ch >= 'A');

//5
不一样，x为int和x为bool

//6
(x > 0) ? x : -x;

//7
switch (ch)
{
case 'A':a_grade++; break;
case 'B':b_grade++; break;
case 'C':c_grade++; break;
case 'D':d_grade++; break;
default:f_grade++;
}

//8
如果使用整数标签，当用户输入了非整数时，程序会因为整数输入不能处理字符而挂起
但是如果使用字符标签，用户输入整数时可以把整数当作字符处理，执行default部分

//9
int line = 0;
char ch;
while (cin.get(ch) && ch!= 'Q');
{
	if (ch == '\n')
		line++;
}

编程练习

//第六章编程练习
#include <iostream>
#include<cctype>
#include<iomanip>                               //使用setw(),控制输出格式，practice 3
#include<string>
#include<fstream>

using namespace std;

//practice 1
void p6_1()
{
	cout << "Enter text for output,and @ to terminate input.\n";

	char ch = 0;

	while ((ch = cin.get()) != '@')
	{
		if (isdigit(ch))
			continue;
		else if (islower(ch))
			cout << (char)toupper(ch);
		else if (isupper(ch))
			cout << (char)tolower(ch);
		else
			cout << ch;
	}
	cout << "Done!"<<endl;
}

//practice 2
void p6_2()
{
	double name[10];
	int num = 0;
	double average = 0;
	double sum = 0;

	cout << "Please enter most 10 numbers:\n";
	int enter = 0;
	while (enter<10 && cin >> name[enter])
	{
		sum += name[enter];
		enter++;
	}

	average = sum / enter;

	for (int i = 0; i < enter; i++)
		if (name[i] > average)
			num++;

	if (sum == 0)
		cout << "There is no input effective!" << endl;
	else
		cout << "There are " << num << " numbers bigger than the average of them :  "
		<< average << endl;
}

//practice 3
void p6_3()
{
	cout << "Please enter one of the following choices:\n";
	cout.flags(ios::left);                                      //定义setw为左对齐
	cout << setw(20) << "c) carnivore" << "p) pianist\n";
	cout << setw(20) << "t) tree" << "g) game\n";

	char ch = 0;
	bool exit = 0;
		while (cin >> ch && !exit)                        //不成功需要重新输入，因此需要变量查看是否已输入正确的字符
		{
			switch (ch)
			{
			case 'c':
				cout << "one\n";
				exit = 1;
				break;
			case 'p':
				cout << "two\n";
				exit = 1;
				break;
			case 't':
				cout << "A maple is a tree.\n";
				exit = 1;
				break;
			case 'g':
				cout << "four\n";
				exit = 1;
				break;
			default:cout << "Please enter a c, p, t, or g: ";
			}
		}
}

//practice 4
const unsigned int Arsize = 50;

struct bop                                                           //定义结构
{
	char fullname[Arsize];
	char title[Arsize];
	char bopname[Arsize];
	int preference;
};

void p6_4()
{
	cout << "Benevolent Order of Programmers Reports\n";                                   
	cout << left << setw(30) << "a. display by name" << "b. display by title\n"; ;      //定义setw为左对齐
	cout << left << setw(30) << "c. display by bopname" << "d. display by preference\n";
	cout << "q. quit\n";

	const struct bop boparray[5] =                                    //初始化
	{
		{"Wimp Macho",		"one title",			"one bopname",		0},
		{"Raki Rhodes",		"Junior Programmer",	"two bopname",		1},
		{"Celia Laiter",	"three title",			"MIPS",				2},
		{"Hoppy Hipman",	"Analyst Trainee",		"four bopname",		1},
		{"Pat Hand",		"five title",			"LOOPY",			2}
	};

	char ch = 0;
	cout << "Enter your choice: ";
	int exit = 0;
	while (cin>>ch)
	{
		switch (ch)
		{
		case'a':
			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
				cout << boparray[i].fullname << endl;
			break;
		case'b':
			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
				cout << boparray[i].title << endl;
			break;
		case'c':
			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
				cout << boparray[i].bopname << endl;
			break;
		case'd':
			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
				if (boparray[i].preference == 0)
					cout << boparray[i].fullname << endl;
				else if (boparray[i].preference == 1)
					cout << boparray[i].title << endl;
				else if (boparray[i].preference == 2)
					cout << boparray[i].bopname << endl;
			break;
		case'q':
			exit = 1;
			cout << "Bye!" << endl;
		}
		if (exit)
			break;

		cout << "Next choice: ";
	}
}

//practice 5
void p6_5()
{
	cout << "Enter your income(by tvarp): ";

	double income = 0;
	double tax = 0;
	while (cin >> income && income > 0)
	{
		if (income <= 5000)
			tax = 0;
		else if (income <= 15000)
			tax = (income - 5000) * 0.1;
		else if (income <= 35000)
			tax = 10000 * 0.1 + (income - 15000) * 0.15;
		else
			tax = 10000 * 0.1 + 20000 * 0.15 + (income - 35000) * 0.2;
		cout << "Your personal income tax is: " << tax << endl;
	}
	cout << "Exit!\n";
}

//practice 6
void p6_6()
{
	struct juanxian
	{
		string name;
		double num = 0;
	};

	int people = 0;
	cout << "Enter the number of people who has donated: ";
	cin >> people;                                               //cin读取数据后要用cin.get()读取换行符才能使用getline（）
	cin.get();

	struct juanxian* pd = new struct juanxian[people];
	cout << "Enter the name and the number of donation: \n";
	for (int i = 0; i < people; i++)
	{
		cout << "Enter the name of " << i + 1 << " contributor: ";
		getline(cin,(pd+i)->name);                           //三种写法：pd[i].name   (*(pd+i)).name    (pd+1)->name
  		cout << "Enter the amount of donation: ";
		cin >> pd[i].num;
		cin.get();
	}

	int one = 0;
	int two = 0;

	cout << "Grand Patrons:\n";
	for (int i = 0; i < people; i++)
	{
		if (pd[i].num > 10000)
		{
			cout << pd[i].name << " : " << pd[i].num << endl;
			one++;
		}
	}
	if (one == 0)
		cout << "None!\n";

	cout << "Patrons:\n";
	for (int i = 0; i < people; i++)
	{
		if (pd[i].num <= 10000)
		{
			cout << pd[i].name << " : " << pd[i].num << endl;
			two++;
		}
	}
	if (two == 0)
		cout << "None!\n";

	delete[]pd;
}

//practice 7
void p6_7()
{
	cout << "Enter words (q to quit): \n";

	string word;
	int yuan = 0;
	int fu = 0;
	int none = 0;
	while (cin >> word)
	{
		if (word.length() == 1 && word[0] == 'q')
			break;
		if (isalpha(word[0]))
		{
			switch (word[0])
			{
			case'a':
			case'o':
			case'i':
			case'e':
			case'u':yuan++; break;
			default:fu++;
			};
		}
		else none++;
	}

	cout << yuan << " words beginning with vowels\n";
	cout << fu << " words beginning with consonan\n";
	cout << none << " others\n";

}

//practice 8
void p6_8()
{
	ifstream infile;
	infile.open("practice.txt");

	char ch;
	int num = 0;
	while((ch = infile.get()) != EOF)
		num++;

	cout << "There are " << num << " characters in file!\n";

}

//practice 9
void p6_9()
{
	ifstream infile;
	infile.open("juankuan.txt");

	struct juanxian
	{
		string name;
		double num = 0;
	};

	int people = 0;
	infile >> people;                                               //cin读取数据后要用cin.get()读取换行符才能使用getline（）
	infile.get();

	juanxian* pd = new juanxian[people];
	for (int i = 0; i < people; i++)
	{
		getline(infile, (pd + i)->name);                           //三种写法：pd[i].name   (*(pd+i)).name    (pd+1)->name
		infile >> pd[i].num;
		infile.get();
	}

	int one = 0;
	int two = 0;

	cout << "Grand Patrons:\n";
	for (int i = 0; i < people; i++)
	{
		if (pd[i].num > 10000)
		{
			cout << pd[i].name << " : " << pd[i].num << endl;
			one++;
		}
	}
	if (one == 0)
		cout << "None!\n";

	cout << "Patrons:\n";
	for (int i = 0; i < people; i++)
	{
		if (pd[i].num <= 10000)
		{
			cout << pd[i].name << " : " << pd[i].num << endl;
			two++;
		}
	}
	if (two == 0)
		cout << "None!\n";

	delete[]pd;
}


int main()
{
	p6_9();

	return 0;
}