Java实验三 : 面向对象（二）

实验目的：在集成开发环境下，实现类的继承及多态性，运用抽象方法、接口及抽象类来对应实际问题来进行程序编写。

实验目标：
(1)能够运用Java语言来实现类的继承及多态性、熟练使用包来扩展程序功能并能建立自己的包；
(2)能够灵活运用Java语言的抽象方法、接口、抽象类来编写应用程序解决实际问题。

实验内容：
1.设计一个抽象类图形类，在该类中包含有至少两个抽象方法求周长和求面积，分别定义圆形类、长方形类、等边三角形类来继承图形类，并实现上述两个方法。并创建实例验证。
2.创建一个抽象类动物类以及以下几个接口：进食的接口、睡觉的接口、思考的接口、说话的接口、飞翔的接口。分别定义猫类、人类、鸟类继承动物类并选择实现上述的接口，并创建实例验证。

1. 抽象类

//图形抽象类
public abstract class Graphic {
    private String type;

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public Graphic(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public abstract void area();
    public abstract void perimeter();
}

下面继承上面

//圆形
public class Circle extends Graphic{
    private double r; //半径
    private static final double PI = Math.PI;

    public double getR() {
        return r;
    }

    public void setR(double r) {
        this.r = r;
    }

    public Circle(String type, double r) {
        super(type);
        setR(r);
    }

    public void area() {
        System.out.print("圆形的面积为: ");
        System.out.println(PI * r * r);
    }

    public void perimeter() {
        System.out.print("圆形的周长为: ");
        System.out.println(PI * r * 2);
    }

}

//等边三角形
public class EquilateralTriangle extends Graphic{
    private double l; //等边三角形的边长

    public double getL() {
        return l;
    }

    public void setL(double l) {
        this.l = l;
    }

    public EquilateralTriangle(String type, double l) {
        super(type);
        setL(l);
    }

    public void area() {
        System.out.print("等边三角形的面积为: ");
        System.out.println((Math.sqrt(3) * l * l ) / 4 );
    }
    
    public void perimeter() {
        System.out.print("等边三角形的周长为: ");
        System.out.println(3 * l);
    }
}

//长方形
public class Rectangle extends Graphic{
    private double a; //矩形的长
    private double b; //矩形的宽

    public double getA() {
        return a;
    }

    public void setA(double a) {
        this.a = a;
    }

    public double getB() {
        return b;
    }

    public void setB(double b) {
        this.b = b;
    }

    public Rectangle(String type, double a, double b) {
        super(type);
        setA(a);
        setB(b);
    }

    public void area() {
        System.out.print("矩形的面积为: ");
        System.out.println(a * b);
    }
    
    public void perimeter() {
        System.out.print("矩形的周长为: ");
        System.out.println((a + b) * 2);
    }
    
}

测试类

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Graphic graphic1 = new Circle("圆形", 5);
        graphic1.area();
        graphic1.perimeter();

        Graphic graphic2 = new Rectangle("矩形", 5, 6);
        graphic2.area();
        graphic2.perimeter();

        Graphic graphic3 = new EquilateralTriangle("等边三角形", 4);
        graphic3.area();
        graphic3.perimeter();
    }
}

2. 动物抽象类

动物类

public abstract class Animal {
    private String type;

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public Animal(String type) {
        setType(type);
    }

    public abstract void eat();
    public abstract void sleep();
    public abstract void think();
    public abstract void talk();
    public abstract void fly();
}

下面继承上面

public class Bird extends Animal{
    public Bird(String type) {
        super(type);
    }

    public void eat() {
        System.out.println("鸟儿可以吃饭~");
    }

    public void sleep() {
        System.out.println("鸟儿可以睡觉~");
    }
    public void think() {
        System.out.println("鸟儿可以思考~");
    }
    public void talk() {
        System.out.println("鸟儿不能说话!");
    }
    public void fly() {
        System.out.println("鸟儿当然可以飞~");
    }
}


public class Cat extends Animal{
    public Cat(String type) {
        super(type);
    }

    public void eat() {
        System.out.println("猫猫可以吃饭~");
    }

    public void sleep() {
        System.out.println("猫猫可以睡觉~");
    }
    public void think() {
        System.out.println("猫猫可以思考~");
    }
    public void talk() {
        System.out.println("猫猫不能说话!");
    }
    public void fly() {
        System.out.println("猫猫不能飞!");
    }
}

public class Person extends Animal{
    private String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    //构造方法
    public Person(String type, String name) {
        super(type);
        setName(name);
    }

    public void eat() {
        System.out.println(name + "可以吃饭~");
    }

    public void sleep() {
        System.out.println(name + "可以睡觉~");
    }
    public void think() {
        System.out.println(name + "可以思考~");
    }
    public void talk() {
        System.out.println(name + "可以说话~");
    }
    public void fly() {
        System.out.println(name + "不能飞!");
    }
}

测试类

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal person = new Person("人", "老杨");
        person.eat();
        person.sleep();
        person.think();
        person.talk();
        person.fly();

        Animal cat = new Cat("猫");
        cat.eat();
        cat.sleep();
        cat.think();
        cat.talk();
        cat.fly();

        Animal bird = new Bird("鸟");
        bird.eat();
        bird.sleep();
        bird.think();
        bird.talk();
        bird.fly();
    }
}