C# 设计模式 装饰器模式

1.抽象接口 Bike

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace decorator
{
    // 自行车组件
    interface Bike
    {
        string GetDescription();

        int GetPrice();
    }
}

2.被装饰者 BigBike

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace decorator
{
    class BigBike : Bike
    {
        private string description = "大号自行车";

        public string GetDescription()
        {
            return description;
        }

        // 大号自行车 200元
        public int GetPrice()
        {
            return 200;
        }
    }
}

3.装饰者 BikeDecorator

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace decorator
{
    class BikeDecorator : Bike
    {
        private string description = "这是个装饰器";

        public virtual string GetDescription()
        {
            return description;
        }

        public virtual int GetPrice()
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

4.防爆胎装饰器（具体装饰器）

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace decorator
{
    // 防爆胎装饰器 （具体装饰器）
    class RSCBikeDecorator : BikeDecorator
    {
        private string description = "增加一个防爆胎";
        private Bike bike;
        
        public RSCBikeDecorator(Bike bike)
        {
            this.bike = bike;
        }

        public override string GetDescription()
        {
            return this.bike.GetDescription() + "," + this.description;
        }

        public override int GetPrice()
        {
            return this.bike.GetPrice() + 100; // 防爆胎的价格
        }
    }
}

5.喇叭装饰器（具体装饰器）

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace decorator
{
    class SuonaBikeDecorator : BikeDecorator
    {
        private string description = "增加一个喇叭";
        private Bike bike;

        public SuonaBikeDecorator(Bike bike)
        {
            this.bike = bike;
        }

        public override string GetDescription()
        {
            return this.bike.GetDescription() + "," + this.description;
        }

        public override int GetPrice()
        {
            return this.bike.GetPrice() + 50; // 防爆胎的价格
        }
    }
}

6、测试

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace decorator
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // 选个自行车
            Bike bigBike = new BigBike();

            // 搭配防爆胎
            bigBike = new RSCBikeDecorator(bigBike);
            // 搭配个喇叭
            bigBike = new SuonaBikeDecorator(bigBike);
            // 搭配个喇叭
            bigBike = new SuonaBikeDecorator(bigBike);

            
            Console.WriteLine(bigBike.GetDescription());
            Console.WriteLine("价格:" + bigBike.GetPrice().ToString());

            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

7.装饰器优点

• 装饰模式比继承有更多的灵活性
• 可以使用不同的装饰器 排列组合，符合开闭原则。

8.装饰器缺点

• 增加了许多子类，过度使用使得程序很复杂。
• 增加系统的复杂度，加大学习理解的难度。