牛客网项目---6.1.初识SpringSecurity

Spring Security 是针对Spring项目的安全框架，也是Spring Boot底层安全模块默认的技术选型，他可以实现强大的Web安全控制，对于安全控制，我们仅需要引入 spring-boot-starter-security 模块，进行少量的配置，即可实现强大的安全管理！

记住几个类：

• WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter：自定义Security策略
• AuthenticationManagerBuilder：自定义认证策略
• @EnableWebSecurity：开启WebSecurity模式

Spring Security的两个主要目标是 “认证” 和 “授权”（访问控制）。

“认证”（Authentication）

身份验证是关于验证您的凭据，如用户名/用户ID和密码，以验证您的身份。

身份验证通常通过用户名和密码完成，有时与身份验证因素结合使用。

“授权” （Authorization）

授权发生在系统成功验证您的身份后，最终会授予您访问资源（如信息，文件，数据库，资金，位置，几乎任何内容）的完全权限。

这个概念是通用的，而不是只在Spring Security 中存在。

1.导入依赖

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
		</dependency>

2.处理User

import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

public class User implements UserDetails {

    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String salt;
    private String email;
    private int type;
    private int status;
    private String activationCode;
    private String headerUrl;
    private Date createTime;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getSalt() {
        return salt;
    }

    public void setSalt(String salt) {
        this.salt = salt;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public int getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(int type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public int getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(int status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public String getActivationCode() {
        return activationCode;
    }

    public void setActivationCode(String activationCode) {
        this.activationCode = activationCode;
    }

    public String getHeaderUrl() {
        return headerUrl;
    }

    public void setHeaderUrl(String headerUrl) {
        this.headerUrl = headerUrl;
    }

    public Date getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", salt='" + salt + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                ", type=" + type +
                ", status=" + status +
                ", activationCode='" + activationCode + '\'' +
                ", headerUrl='" + headerUrl + '\'' +
                ", createTime=" + createTime +
                '}';
    }

    // true: 账号未过期.
    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }

    // true: 账号未锁定.
    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
        return true;
    }

    // true: 凭证未过期.
    @Override
    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }

    // true: 账号可用.
    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
        List<GrantedAuthority> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(new GrantedAuthority() {
            @Override
            public String getAuthority() {
                switch (type) {
                    case 1:
                        return "ADMIN";
                    default:
                        return "USER";
                }
            }
        });
        return list;
    }

}

3.处理UserService

import com.nowcoder.community.dao.UserMapper;
import com.nowcoder.community.entity.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserService implements UserDetailsService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    public User findUserByName(String username) {
        return userMapper.selectByName(username);
    }

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        return this.findUserByName(username);
    }
}

4.SecurityConfig

import com.nowcoder.community.entity.User;
import com.nowcoder.community.service.UserService;
import com.nowcoder.community.util.CommunityUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationProvider;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.BadCredentialsException;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.Pbkdf2PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.rememberme.InMemoryTokenRepositoryImpl;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
        // 忽略静态资源的访问
        web.ignoring().antMatchers("/resources/**");
    }

    // AuthenticationManager: 认证的核心接口.
    // AuthenticationManagerBuilder: 用于构建AuthenticationManager对象的工具.
    // ProviderManager: AuthenticationManager接口的默认实现类.
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        // 内置的认证规则
        // auth.userDetailsService(userService).passwordEncoder(new Pbkdf2PasswordEncoder("12345"));

        // 自定义认证规则
        // AuthenticationProvider: ProviderManager持有一组AuthenticationProvider,每个AuthenticationProvider负责一种认证.
        // 委托模式: ProviderManager将认证委托给AuthenticationProvider.
        auth.authenticationProvider(new AuthenticationProvider() {
            // Authentication: 用于封装认证信息的接口,不同的实现类代表不同类型的认证信息.
            @Override
            public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
                String username = authentication.getName();
                String password = (String) authentication.getCredentials();

                User user = userService.findUserByName(username);
                if (user == null) {
                    throw new UsernameNotFoundException("账号不存在!");
                }

                password = CommunityUtil.md5(password + user.getSalt());
                if (!user.getPassword().equals(password)) {
                    throw new BadCredentialsException("密码不正确!");
                }

                // principal: 主要信息; credentials: 证书; authorities: 权限;
                return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user, user.getPassword(), user.getAuthorities());
            }

            // 当前的AuthenticationProvider支持哪种类型的认证.
            @Override
            public boolean supports(Class<?> aClass) {
                // UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken: Authentication接口的常用的实现类.
                return UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.class.equals(aClass);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // 登录相关配置
        http.formLogin()
                .loginPage("/loginpage")
                .loginProcessingUrl("/login")
                .successHandler(new AuthenticationSuccessHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/index");
                    }
                })
                .failureHandler(new AuthenticationFailureHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        request.setAttribute("error", e.getMessage());
                        request.getRequestDispatcher("/loginpage").forward(request, response);
                    }
                });

        // 退出相关配置
        http.logout()
                .logoutUrl("/logout")
                .logoutSuccessHandler(new LogoutSuccessHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/index");
                    }
                });

        // 授权配置
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/letter").hasAnyAuthority("USER", "ADMIN")
                .antMatchers("/admin").hasAnyAuthority("ADMIN")
                .and().exceptionHandling().accessDeniedPage("/denied");

        // 增加Filter,处理验证码
        http.addFilterBefore(new Filter() {
            @Override
            public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
                HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
                HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
                if (request.getServletPath().equals("/login")) {
                    String verifyCode = request.getParameter("verifyCode");
                    if (verifyCode == null || !verifyCode.equalsIgnoreCase("1234")) {
                        request.setAttribute("error", "验证码错误!");
                        request.getRequestDispatcher("/loginpage").forward(request, response);
                        return;
                    }
                }
                // 让请求继续向下执行.
                filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
            }
        }, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

        // 记住我
        http.rememberMe()
                .tokenRepository(new InMemoryTokenRepositoryImpl())
                .tokenValiditySeconds(3600 * 24)
                .userDetailsService(userService);

    }
}

5.HomeController

import com.nowcoder.community.entity.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
public class HomeController {

    @RequestMapping(path = "/index", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getIndexPage(Model model) {
        // 认证成功后,结果会通过SecurityContextHolder存入SecurityContext中.
        Object obj = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
        if (obj instanceof User) {
            model.addAttribute("loginUser", obj);
        }
        return "/index";
    }

    @RequestMapping(path = "/discuss", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getDiscussPage() {
        return "/site/discuss";
    }

    @RequestMapping(path = "/letter", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getLetterPage() {
        return "/site/letter";
    }

    @RequestMapping(path = "/admin", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getAdminPage() {
        return "/site/admin";
    }

    @RequestMapping(path = "/loginpage", method = {RequestMethod.GET, RequestMethod.POST})
    public String getLoginPage() {
        return "/site/login";
    }

    // 拒绝访问时的提示页面
    @RequestMapping(path = "/denied", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getDeniedPage() {
        return "/error/404";
    }

}