pycharm笔记--线性回归的从零实现

源码：

import numpy as np
import torch
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

# 建立数据集
def synthetic_data(w, b, num_examples):
    w = torch.tensor(w)
    X = torch.normal(0, 1, (num_examples, len(w)))
    y = torch.matmul(X, w)+b
    y += torch.normal(0, 0.01, y.shape)
    return X, y.reshape(-1, 1)

# 代入真实值
true_w = [2, -3.4]
true_b = 4.2
features, labels = synthetic_data(true_w, true_b, 1000)
plt.scatter(features[:, 1], labels, 1)
plt.show()

注意：

当出现这个错误时，需要添加 w = torch.tensor(w)，将w转变为tensor，不能为list形式

# 读取数据 建立一个函数，实现小批量读取
def data_iter(batch_size, features, labels):
    num_examples = len(features)
    indices = list(range(num_examples))
    random.shuffle(indices)
    for i in range(0, num_examples, batch_size):
        batch_indices = torch.tensor(indices[i: min(i + batch_size, num_examples)])
        yield features[batch_indices], labels[batch_indices]

batch_size = 10
for X, y in data_iter(batch_size, features, labels):
    print(X, '\n', y)
    break

# 初始化模型参数
w = torch.normal(0, 0.01, size=(2, 1), requires_grad=True)
b = torch.zeros(1, requires_grad=True)

# 定义模型
def linreg(X, w, b):
    return torch.matmul(X, w)+b

# 定义损失函数
def squared_loss(y_hat, y):
    return (y_hat - y.reshape(y_hat.shape)) ** 2 / 2

# 定义优化算法
def sgd(params, lr, batch_size):
    with torch.no_grad():
        for param in params:
            param -= lr * param.grad / batch_size
            param.grad.zero_()

# 训练
lr = 0.03
num_epochs = 3
net = linreg
loss = squared_loss

for epoch in range(num_epochs):
    for X, y in data_iter(batch_size, features, labels):
        l = loss(net(X, w, b), y)
        l.sum().backward()
        sgd([w, b], lr, batch_size)
    with torch.no_grad():
        train_l = loss(net(features, w, b), labels)
        print(f'epoch{epoch+1},loss{float(train_l.mean()):f}')

print(f'w的估计误差: {true_w - w.reshape(true_w.shape)}')
print(f'b的估计误差: {true_b - b}')

 

 所以进行代码修改：

print(f'w的估计误差：{torch.tensor(true_w)-w}')

可以发现三次循环的结果，一次比一次误差小。