Win11极速安装Tensorflow-gpu+CUDA+cudnn

赵孝正

已于 2024-04-17 13:25:56 修改

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分类专栏：深度学习环境搭建文章标签： tensorflow 人工智能 python

于 2023-12-16 22:28:45 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46713695/article/details/135038527

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文章目录

1. 查看本机GPU的cuda版本
2. 查看适配gpu、tensorflow-gpu、cuda、cudnn版本
3. Anaconda+python虚拟环境
4. 安装CUDA以及cudnn
5. 安装tensorflow-gpu
6. 测试tensorflow的GPU版本安装成功的办法
7. 更多版本
- 6.1 numpy 版本不匹配
参考文献

不要使用官网版本，直接使用conda版本，有对应的包，安装很方便，

操作视频链接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wJ4m1W7ps/?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0&vd_source=b5e395daf1dc59fb72b2633affa96661

各历史版本的Anaconda：https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/

1. 查看本机GPU的cuda版本

在命令行输入nvidia-smi，显示CUDA 版本为12.3 ，cuda(cudatoolkit)版本低于或等于12.3均可。
在这里插入图片描述
上图红框内容分别为：显存使用/显存大小，右侧为GPU使用率。

2. 查看适配gpu、tensorflow-gpu、cuda、cudnn版本

下面这些版本已经测试过，可以匹配使用。CUDA版本只受显卡驱动版本的影响，版本越新支持的CUDA约多，且向下兼容。

Version	Python version	Compiler Build	tools	cuDNN	CUDA
tensorflow_gpu-2.10.0	3.7-3.10	MSVC 2019	Bazel 5.1.1	8.1	11.2
tensorflow_gpu-2.9.0	3.7-3.10	MSVC 2019	Bazel 5.0.0	8.1	11.2
tensorflow_gpu-2.8.0	3.7-3.10	MSVC 2019	Bazel 4.2.1	8.1	11.2
tensorflow_gpu-2.7.0	3.7-3.9	MSVC 2019	Bazel 3.7.2	8.1	11.2
tensorflow_gpu-2.6.0	3.6-3.9	MSVC 2019	Bazel 3.7.2	8.1	11.2
tensorflow_gpu-2.5.0	3.6-3.9	MSVC 2019	Bazel 3.7.2	8.1	11.2
tensorflow_gpu-2.4.0	3.6-3.8	MSVC 2019	Bazel 3.1.0	8.0	11.0
tensorflow_gpu-2.3.0	3.5-3.8	MSVC 2019	Bazel 3.1.0	7.6	10.1
tensorflow_gpu-2.2.0	3.5-3.8	MSVC 2019	Bazel 2.0.0	7.6	10.1
tensorflow_gpu-2.1.0	3.5-3.7	MSVC 2019	Bazel 0.27.1-0.29.1	7.6	10.1
tensorflow_gpu-2.0.0	3.5-3.7	MSVC 2017	Bazel 0.26.1	7.4	10
tensorflow_gpu-1.15.0	3.5-3.7	MSVC 2017	Bazel 0.26.1	7.4	10
tensorflow_gpu-1.14.0	3.5-3.7	MSVC 2017	Bazel 0.24.1-0.25.2	7.4	10
tensorflow_gpu-1.13.0	3.5-3.7	MSVC 2015	update 3 Bazel 0.19.0-0.21.0	7.4	10
tensorflow_gpu-1.12.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Bazel 0.15.0	7.2	9.0
tensorflow_gpu-1.11.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Bazel 0.15.0	7	9
tensorflow_gpu-1.10.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	7	9
tensorflow_gpu-1.9.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	7	9
tensorflow_gpu-1.8.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	7	9
tensorflow_gpu-1.7.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	7	9
tensorflow_gpu-1.6.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	7	9
tensorflow_gpu-1.5.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	7	9
tensorflow_gpu-1.4.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	6	8
tensorflow_gpu-1.3.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	6	8
tensorflow_gpu-1.2.0	3.5-3.6	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	5.1	8
tensorflow_gpu-1.1.0	3.5	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	5.1	8
tensorflow_gpu-1.0.0	3.5	MSVC 2015	update 3 Cmake v3.6.3	5.1	8

找到NVIDIA控制面板->帮助->系统信息->组件看一下CUDA版本，我的12.3是目前最新的，一般向下兼容

为了高效下载，建议先把默认源换了，很简单这里不再赘述。（我用梯子，所以没换源😋）

conda search cuda

在这里插入图片描述

如果您想安装 CUDA Toolkit 的特定版本（在这种情况下是 8.2.1），并且您已经知道了版本号和相应的 channel，您可以使用 conda install 命令并指定版本号和 channel。根据您提供的截图，这里的 channel 是 anaconda/pkgs/main。

下面是您可以用来安装 CUDA Toolkit 8.2.1 的命令行：

(tf2) C:\Users\hello>conda install cudnn=8.2.1 -c anaconda

在这条命令中，-c anaconda 指定了从 anaconda channel 安装包，cudnn=8.2.1 精确指定了要安装的软件包及其版本号。

请注意，在进行安装之前，最好确认 CUDA Toolkit 的这个版本是否与您的系统和 NVIDIA 驱动兼容。同时，如果您使用的是特定的深度学习框架，如 TensorFlow 或 PyTorch，您还应该检查框架所支持的 CUDA 版本，以确保一切可以正常工作。

3. Anaconda+python虚拟环境

cudnn7.6.0 + cuda10.1.168 +tensorflow-gpu2.3.0
如果你需要用到tensorflow了那我相信你一定会用Anaconda，Anaconda的安装不再赘述。只是提个醒，如果你第一次用conda create -n创建环境那么路径一定在C盘，而换默认路径一定是可以设置的，这里也不再展开
创建TensorFlow环境：(tf是环境名字，尽量取短点吧，要不然以后手都输麻)

conda create -n tf python=3.9

4. 安装CUDA以及cudnn

先试试cudatoolkit11.3.1和cudnn8.2.1

conda install cudatoolkit=11.3.1

conda install cudnn=8.2.1

5. 安装tensorflow-gpu

pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple tensorflow-gpu==2.9.0

pip install tensorflow-gpu==2.6.0

6. 测试tensorflow的GPU版本安装成功的办法

import tensorflow as tf

print(tf.__version__)
print(tf.test.gpu_device_name())
print(tf.config.experimental.set_visible_devices)
print('GPU:', tf.config.list_physical_devices('GPU'))
print('CPU:', tf.config.list_physical_devices(device_type='CPU'))
print(tf.config.list_physical_devices('GPU'))
print(tf.test.is_gpu_available())
# 输出可用的GPU数量
print("Num GPUs Available: ", len(tf.config.experimental.list_physical_devices('GPU')))
# 查询GPU设备

运行结果

PyDev console: starting.
Python 3.9.18 (main, Sep 11 2023, 14:09:26) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
>>> runfile('C:/Users/hello/PycharmProjects/test-gpu/test012.py', wdir='C:/Users/hello/PycharmProjects/test-gpu')
2.6.0
2024-01-07 20:50:01.228825: I tensorflow/core/platform/cpu_feature_guard.cc:142] This TensorFlow binary is optimized with oneAPI Deep Neural Network Library (oneDNN) to use the following CPU instructions in performance-critical operations:  AVX AVX2
To enable them in other operations, rebuild TensorFlow with the appropriate compiler flags.
2024-01-07 20:50:01.880295: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1510] Created device /device:GPU:0 with 21668 MB memory:  -> device: 0, name: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090, pci bus id: 0000:01:00.0, compute capability: 8.6
/device:GPU:0
<function set_visible_devices at 0x000001377600B820>
GPU: [PhysicalDevice(name='/physical_device:GPU:0', device_type='GPU')]
CPU: [PhysicalDevice(name='/physical_device:CPU:0', device_type='CPU')]
[PhysicalDevice(name='/physical_device:GPU:0', device_type='GPU')]
WARNING:tensorflow:From C:/Users/hello/PycharmProjects/test-gpu/test012.py:9: is_gpu_available (from tensorflow.python.framework.test_util) is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
Instructions for updating:
Use `tf.config.list_physical_devices('GPU')` instead.
2024-01-07 20:50:01.881791: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1510] Created device /device:GPU:0 with 21668 MB memory:  -> device: 0, name: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090, pci bus id: 0000:01:00.0, compute capability: 8.6
True
Num GPUs Available:  1

显示“GPU True”,即代表GPU版本安装成功！

7. 更多版本

anaconda search -t conda cuda

在这里插入图片描述

6.1 numpy 版本不匹配

随意安装了 numpy，发现不匹配

C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\framework\dtypes.py:585: FutureWarning: In the future `np.object` will be defined as the corresponding NumPy scalar.
  np.object,
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 680, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 850, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 41, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.tools import module_util as _module_util
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 46, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import data
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\data\__init__.py", line 25, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.data import experimental
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\data\experimental\__init__.py", line 97, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.data.experimental import service
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\data\experimental\service\__init__.py", line 353, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.data.experimental.ops.data_service_ops import distribute
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\data\experimental\ops\data_service_ops.py", line 26, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.data.experimental.ops import compression_ops
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\data\experimental\ops\compression_ops.py", line 20, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.data.util import structure
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\data\util\structure.py", line 26, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.data.util import nest
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\data\util\nest.py", line 40, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.framework import sparse_tensor as _sparse_tensor
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\framework\sparse_tensor.py", line 28, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.framework import constant_op
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\framework\constant_op.py", line 29, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.eager import execute
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\eager\execute.py", line 27, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.framework import dtypes
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\framework\dtypes.py", line 585, in <module>
    np.object,
  File "C:\Users\hello\.conda\envs\tf2\lib\site-packages\numpy\__init__.py", line 324, in __getattr__
    raise AttributeError(__former_attrs__[attr])
AttributeError: module 'numpy' has no attribute 'object'.
`np.object` was a deprecated alias for the builtin `object`. To avoid this error in existing code, use `object` by itself. Doing this will not modify any behavior and is safe. 
The aliases was originally deprecated in NumPy 1.20; for more details and guidance see the original release note at:
    https://numpy.org/devdocs/release/1.20.0-notes.html#deprecations