Linux企业实战-----LVS+keepalived负载均衡集群

用LVS实现负载均衡

实现步骤：

#若在虚拟环境中需执行此步骤创建两个新的虚拟机，VMWARE可忽略此步骤

真实主机:

      cd /var/lib/libvirt/images/
      ls
      qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b rhel7.6.qcow2 vm3
      qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b rhel7.6.qcow2 vm4

server1:
      pcs cluster disable --all
      pcs cluster stop --all
      systemctl status pcsd
      systemctl disable --now pcsd
      ssh server2 disable --now pcsd
      ssh server2 systemctl disable --now pcsd

server3:
      hostnamectl set-hostname server3
      cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
      vim dvd.repo
      yum install httpd
      systemctl enable --now httpd
      systemctl start httpd
      cd /var/www/html/
      echo vm3> index.html
      ip addr add 172.25.1.100/24 dev eth0
      yum install -y arptables
      arptables -A INPUT -d 172.25.1.100 -j DROP
      arptables -A OUTPUT -s 172.25.1.100 -j mangle --mangle-ip-s 172.25.1.3

server4:
      hostnamectl set-hostname server3
      cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
      vim dvd.repo
      yum install httpd
      systemctl enable --now httpd
      systemctl start httpd
      cd /var/www/html/
      echo vm3> index.html
      ip addr add 172.25.1.100/24 dev eth0
      yum install -y arptables
      arptables -A INPUT -d 172.25.1.100 -j DROP
      arptables -A OUTPUT -s 172.25.1.100 -j mangle --mangle-ip-s 172.25.1.4

server2:
      curl server3
      curl server4
      yum install ipvsadm -y
      ip addr add 172.25.1.100/24 dev eth0
      ipvsadm -A -t 172.25.1.100:80 -s rr
      ipvsadm -a -t 172.25.1.100:80 -r 172.25.1.3:80 -g
      ipvsadm -a -t 172.25.1.100:80 -r 172.25.1.4:80 -g
      ipvsadm -ln

真实主机:
      curl 172.25.1.100

负载均衡（轮询机制）实现

 

LVS+keepalived实现负载均衡健康监测

实验目的

上个实验中实现了负载均衡。本实验中我们将结合keepalived实现负载均衡高级群的健康监测，即在一真实主机的apache关闭后，主机可以监测到，并不再访问这台关闭apache的主机。

 

实验环境

五台虚拟机：home为主机，server1、server2为VS调度，server3、server4为RS真实主机。

 

实验步骤

1.环境搭建

server1、server2：

ipvsadm -C            清除IPVS中的IP，因为IPVS的配置会与keepalived冲突
ipvsadm -ln
ip addr del 172.25.1.100/24 dev ens33
yum install keepalived -y
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf   编写此文件相当于用配置文件的方式实现负载均衡

server1 keepalived.conf:

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     root@localhost
   }
   notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   #vrrp_strict
   vrrp_garp_interval 0
   vrrp_gna_interval 0
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        172.25.1.100
    }
}

virtual_server 172.25.1.100 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    #persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 172.25.1.3 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }

    real_server 172.25.1.4 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}

server2 keepalived.conf:

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     root@localhost
   }
   notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   #vrrp_strict
   vrrp_garp_interval 0
   vrrp_gna_interval 0
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 50
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        172.25.1.100
    }
}

virtual_server 172.25.1.100 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    #persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP


    real_server 172.25.1.3 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }

    real_server 172.25.1.4 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}

 

systemctl restart keepalived.service 

tail -f /var/log/messages 

ipvsadm -ln      执行此命令后发现ip已配置完毕

 

 2.健康检测

1）RS真实主机健康检测

在server3中 关闭httpd服务

systemctl stop httpd

此时在真实主机中执行

curl 172.25.1.100

发现主机已知晓3的服务关闭，并且主机策略已不存在server3

并发送邮件给了server1、server2

再开启server3中的httpd，并在主机中检测，发现已恢复正常

 

2）DS健康检测

关闭server1中的keepalived服务

[root@server1 ~]# systemctl stop keepalived.service 

此时在server2中：

tail -f /var/log/messages

发现server2已接管server1

在主机中探测RS发现不收任何影响，即keepalived解决了DS的单点故障