一、单继承
class Master():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[五香煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class Prentice(Master):
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
result = Prentice()
result.make_cake()
print(Prentice.__mro__)
二、多继承
多继承就是一个类同事继承了多个父类
class Master():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[五香煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class School():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[香辣煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class Prentice(Master):
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
result = Prentice()
result.make_cake()
print(Prentice.__mro__)
注意:当一个类有多个父类的时候。默认使用第一个父类的同名属性和方法
三、子类重写父类的同名方法和属性
子类和父类具有同名属性和方法,默认使用子类的同名属性和方法。
class Master():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[五香煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class School():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[香辣煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class Prentice(Master):
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[独创煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
result = Prentice()
result.make_cake()
print(Prentice.__mro__)
四、子类调用父类的同名方法和属性
class Master():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[五香煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class School():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[香辣煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class Prentice(Master,School):
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[独创煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
self.__init__()
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
def make_master_cake(self):
Master.__init__(self)
Master.make_cake(self)
def make_school_cake(self):
School.__init__(self)
School.make_cake(self)
if __name__ == '__main__':
result = Prentice()
result.make_cake()
print(Prentice.__mro__)
result.make_master_cake()
result.make_school_cake()
五、多层继承
class Master():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[五香煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class School():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[香辣煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class Prentice(Master,School):
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[独创煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
self.__init__()
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
def make_master_cake(self):
Master.__init__(self)
Master.make_cake(self)
def make_school_cake(self):
School.__init__(self)
School.make_cake(self)
class Tusun(Prentice):
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
result = Tusun()
result.make_cake()
print(Tusun.__mro__)
result.make_master_cake()
result.make_school_cake()
六、super()调用父类方法
使用super()可以自动查找父类。调用顺序遵循__mro__类属性的顺序。比较适合单继承实用。
class Master():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[五香煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class School():
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[香辣煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
class Prentice(Master,School):
def __init__(self):
self.kongfu = "[独创煎饼果子配方]"
def make_cake(self):
self.__init__()
print(f"运用{self.kongfu}")
def make_master_cake(self):
Master.__init__(self)
Master.make_cake(self)
def make_school_cake(self):
School.__init__(self)
School.make_cake(self)
def make_old_cake(self):
# # Master.__init__(self)
# # Master.make_cake(self)
# # School.__init__(self)
# # School.make_cake(self)
super(Prentice,self).__init__()
super(Prentice,self).make_cake()
class Tusun(Prentice):
def make_old_cake(self):
# Master.__init__(self)
# Master.make_cake(self)
# School.__init__(self)
# School.make_cake(self)
super().__init__()
super().make_cake()
if __name__ == '__main__':
result = Tusun()
r = Prentice()
# result.make_cake()
# print(Tusun.__mro__)
# result.make_master_cake()
# result.make_school_cake()
result.make_old_cake()
r.make_old_cake()