inventory optimization

一些基本概念

  • cycle service level:周期服务水平(Cycle-Service Level)是指:在从收到一批订货到收到下一批订货的任何一个订货周期内,不出现缺货的几率
  • fill rate:达成率,满足客户需求的比率
  • opportunity costs:机会成本
  • backorders :延期交货
  • lost sales:失销机会-缺货的隐性机会(即所谓失销成本);销售货物,可能由于供货,运输,季节,人为等因素所造成的缺货,由于缺货不能产生销售,而导致了损失;缺货是可能会发生的,失销也随时因缺货而发生;因此要降低失销机会,补足货品;

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优化目标objective

不应该以service level为最优化目标
应该以最大化profit(利润),或者最小化成本(cost)为目标
cost最小化和利润最大化是等同的,但在考虑cost最小化的时候,需要把所有可能的cost都考虑进去才行,包括opportunity cost(机会成本 如backorders/lost sales)
Cost Minimization = Profit Maximization

  • 需要注意的是,在实际应用中,一般不考虑失销,只考虑延期交货,如果需求大于库存,这个时候我们认为需要延期交货,而不是失销

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条件和限制 invetory policies
可以调整的条件和限制无非以下三种,买多少,什么时候买,从哪里买。
📦 How much to order
📆 When to order
🏭 Where to order
如果所有仓库都知道自己需要买多少,什么时候买,那么第三点就自然解决了,不言而明。
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#---- 逐步更新----

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Delivery optimization refers to the process of efficiently managing and planning the delivery of goods or services from a warehouse, distribution center, or point of origin to the end customers. It involves various strategies, techniques, and technologies to minimize costs, reduce lead times, improve customer satisfaction, and enhance overall supply chain performance. Key aspects of delivery optimization include: 1. Route planning: Determining the most efficient routes for delivery vehicles to minimize travel distance and time, taking into account traffic patterns, delivery priorities, and vehicle capacity. 2. Inventory management: Optimizing inventory levels to ensure that products are available when needed, without excessive storage costs or stockouts. 3. Warehouse operations: Streamlining warehouse processes such as picking, packing, and sorting to minimize handling time and maximize productivity. 4. Real-time tracking: Using GPS and other technologies to monitor shipments in real-time, enabling better visibility and proactive problem-solving. 5. Load balancing: Distributing packages evenly among delivery personnel or vehicles to optimize resource utilization and reduce wait times. 6. Customer experience: Implementing features like dynamic delivery windows, same-day or next-day deliveries, and accurate tracking information to enhance customer satisfaction. 7. Sustainability: Incorporating eco-friendly practices, such as electric or hybrid vehicles, to reduce carbon footprint and promote green logistics. 8. Supply chain integration: Collaborating with suppliers, carriers, and other stakeholders to synchronize data and improve coordination across the entire delivery network.

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