C语言通过socket接口实现发送http的get与post的实现

利用socket发送http的get与post的实现

实现socket与服务端的连接

get的实现

• 利用http是通过socket连接的原理，进行http功能在C语言中通过socket接口实现
• 通过socket发送请求头与接受返回数据

get请求与返回数据的接受

void error(const char *msg)
{
    perror(msg);
    exit(1);
}

int create_socket()
{
    int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (sockfd < 0)
    {
        error("Error opening socket");
    }
    printf("socketfd: %d \r\n", sockfd);
    return sockfd;
}

void close_socket(int sockfd)
{
    if (sockfd >= 0)
    {
        close(sockfd);
    }
}

void send_http_get_request(int sockfd, const char *host, const char *path)
{
    char request[MAX_SIZE];
    snprintf(request, sizeof(request), "GET %s HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: %s\r\n\r\n", path, host);
    printf("%s \r\n", request);

    // 发送get请求
    if (write(sockfd, request, strlen(request)) < 0)
    {
        error("Error writing to socket");
    }
    printf("send request\r\n");
}

void receive_http_response(int sockfd)
{
    char response[MAX_SIZE];
    ssize_t n = 0;

    while ((n = read(sockfd, response, sizeof(response) - 1)) > 0)
    {
        response[n] = '\0';
        // get 请求返回的数据
        printf("response: %s\r\n", response);
    }

    if (n < 0)
    {
        error("Error reading from socket");
    }
}

主函数

	// 域名或IP地址连接
	#define domain 1
	#if domain
	// 域名情况下的与服务端建立socket连接
    const char *host = "www.domin.com";
    const char *path = "/socket/main";
    int port = 80;

    
    // 设置服务器地址
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    bzero((char *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    bcopy((char *)server->h_addr, (char *)&server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr, server->h_length);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);

    #else

    const char *host = "192.168.3.1";
    const char *path = "/socket/main";
    int port = 80;

    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
    inet_pton(AF_INET, host, &(server_addr.sin_addr));
	#endif

    // 创建socket
    int sockfd = create_socket();

    // 连接到服务器
    if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0)
    {
        error("Error connecting");
    }
    
    // 发送HTTP get请求
    send_http_get_request(sockfd, host, path);

    // 接收并打印HTTP响应
    // receive_http_response(sockfd);

    // 关闭socket
    close_socket(sockfd);

    return 0;

需要的头文件

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>

post的实现

在上面的get的基础上进行了一定的修改，实现了post的功能
在此使用的body数据格式为json数据，可以更具自己的情况进行一定的修改

• post的请求函数，通过socket发送url,与body

void send_http_post_request(int sockfd, const char *host, const char *path, const char *body) {
    char request[MAX_SIZE];
    // 注意数据
    sprintf(request, "POST %s HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                     "Host: %s\r\n"
                     "Content-Type: application/json\r\n"
                     "Content-Length: %ld\r\n"
                     "\r\n"
                     "%s",
            path, host, strlen(body), body);

    if (write(sockfd, request, strlen(request)) < 0) {
        error("Error writing to socket");
    }
}

与上面get的区别仅仅只有path进行了一定的接口和增加了json格式的body数据

const char *path = "/socket/main/post";
char *body= malloc(256);

sprintf(body, "{"
                  "\"name\":\"%s\","
                  "\"id\":%d,"
                  "\"age\":%d"
                  "}",
                  name,id,age);
                  
    // 发送HTTP post请求
    send_http_post_request(sockfd, host, path, (const char *)data);

    // 接收并打印HTTP响应
    receive_http_response(sockfd);

// 接收数据