Mybatis-复杂查询实现

Mybatis-复杂查询实现

十、复杂查询实现

1、环境搭建

• 搭建数据库

use mybatis
CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
  `id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO teacher(`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, "秦老师"); 

CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  `tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `fktid` (`tid`),
  CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (1, "小明", 1); INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (1, "小明", 1); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (2, "小红", 1); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (3, "小张", 1); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (4, "小李", 1); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (5, "小王", 1);
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (2, "小红", 1); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (3, "小张", 1); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (4, "小李", 1); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (5, "小王", 1);

• 新建一个maven项目，导入相关依赖

• 编写mybatis-config.xml配置文件

• 导入lombok

• 建立Mapper接口

• 建立Mapper.xml文件

• 在核心配置文件中绑定注册我们的Mapper接口或者文件 【方式很多，随心选】

• 测试查询是否能够成功

2、多对一处理

描述：多个学生对应一个老师；

实体类

//老师
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Teacher {
    private String name;
    private int id;
}
//学生
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private Teacher teacher;
}

2.1、按照查询嵌套处理

• 接口

public interface StudentMapper {
    List<Student> getStudent();
}

• Mapper映射文件

<mapper namespace="com.lengzher.dao.StudentMapper">
    <select id="getStudent" resultMap="student">
    select * from student;
    </select>
    <resultMap id="student" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="id"/>
        <result property="name" column="name"/>
        <association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher">
        </association>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
    select * from teacher where id = #{id};
    </select>
</mapper>

• 测试

    @Test
    public void getStudent(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
        List<Student> studentList   = mapper.getStudent();
        for (Student student : studentList) {
            System.out.println(student);
        }
        sqlSession.close();
    }

2.2、按照结果嵌套处理

    <!--根据结果嵌套查询-->
    <select id="getStudent" resultMap="student">
        select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname,t.id tid
        from teacher t,student s
        where t.id = s.tid;
    </select>
    <resultMap id="student" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="sid"/>
        <result property="name" column="sname"/>
        <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
            <result property="name" column="tname"/>
            <result property="id" column="tid"></result>
        </association>
    </resultMap>

多对一查询方式

• 子查询
• 联表查询

3、一对多处理

描述：一个老师对应多个学生

实体类

//老师
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Teacher {
    private String name;
    private int id;

    //一个老师拥有多个学生
    private List<Student> student;
    public Teacher() {
    }
}
//学生
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int tid;

    public Student() {
    }
}

3.1、按照查询嵌套处理

 <!--按结果嵌套查询-->
    <select id="getTeacher" resultMap="teacher">
        select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.id tid,t.name tname
        from student s,teacher t
        where s.tid=t.id and t.id=#{id}
    </select>
    <resultMap id="teacher" type="Teacher">
        <result property="id" column="tid"/>
        <result property="name" column="tname"/>
        <collection property="student" ofType="Student">
            <result property="id" column="sid"/>
            <result property="name" column="sname"/>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

3.2、按照查询嵌套处理

    <select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
    select * from mybatis.teacher where id = #{tid}
    </select>

    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
        <collection property="students" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" select="getStudentByTeacherId"
                    column="id"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
    select * from mybatis.student where tid = #{tid}
    </select>

4、小结

• 关联-association {多对一（对象）}

• 集合-Collection {一对多（集合）}

• javaType & ofType

  • javaType 用来指定实体类中属性的类型
  • ofType 用来指定映射到List或者集合中的pojo类型，泛型中的约束类型

• Tips：

  • 保证SQL的可读性，尽量保证通俗易懂
  • 注意一对多和多对一中，属性名和字段的问题！
  • 如果问题不好排查错误，可以使用日志，建议使用Log4j