解决Linux socket 编程出现 Segmentation fault(core dump)

问题描述，使用32位的 Linux socket 代码运行是出现了Segmentation fault(core dump)。

问题原因

经过检查是 inet_ntop() 函数出现了错误：他的使用方法如下。

//将数值格式转化为点分十进制的ip地址格式
const char * inet_ntop(int family, const void *addrptr, char *strptr, size_t len);     

在32位下这么写可以过！

printf("received a connection from %s\n", inet_ntoa(remote_addr.sin_addr));

但在64位下就会出现Segmentation fault(core dump)，应该为如下代码(对内存安全加以考虑！！！)

char str[32]={0};
if ( NULL== (char*) (inet_ntop(AF_INET,&remote_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,str,31)) ){
   printf("inet_ntop error,errno=%d,desc=%s\r\n",errno,strerror(errno) );
}
printf("received a connection from %s\n", str);

【引用http://www.51testing.com/html/05/170805-79949.html】

相关具体代码

service

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#define SERVPORT 3333 /*服务器监听端口号 */
#define BACKLOG 10	  /* 最大同时连接请求数 */

char str[32]={0};

int main()
{
	int sockfd, client_fd, sin_size; /*sock_fd：监听socket；client_fd：数据传输socket */
	struct sockaddr_in my_addr;		 /* 本机地址信息 */
	struct sockaddr_in remote_addr;	 /* 客户端地址信息 */
	//创建一个套接字，PF_INET，流式，
	if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1)
	{
		perror("socket");
		exit(1);
	}
	//初始化服务端
	my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	my_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVPORT);
	my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
	bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero), 8);
	//将套接字地址与所创建的套接字号联系起来
	if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1)
	{
		perror("bind");
		exit(1);
	}
	//愿意接收连接
	if (listen(sockfd, BACKLOG) == -1)
	{
		perror("listen");
		exit(1);
	}

	while (1)
	{
		sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
		if ((client_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&remote_addr, &sin_size)) == -1)
		{
			perror("accept");
			continue;
		}
		// ---   printf("received a connection from %s\n", inet_ntoa(remote_addr.sin_addr));  

		替换为下面的代码！！！！
		if ( NULL== (char*) (inet_ntop(AF_INET,&remote_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,str,31)) ){
		   printf("inet_ntop error,errno=%d,desc=%s\r\n",errno,strerror(errno) );
		}
		printf("received a connection from %s\n", str);
		//


		if (!fork())
		{ /* 子进程代码段 */
			if (send(client_fd, "Hello, you are connected!\n", 26, 0) == -1){
				perror("send");
			}
			close(client_fd);
			exit(0);
		}
		close(client_fd);
	}
	return 0;
}

client.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define SERVPORT 3333
#define MAXDATASIZE 100 /*每次最大数据传输量 */
char* host_name = "127.0.0.1"; /* ip地址 */

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int sockfd, recvbytes;
	char buf[MAXDATASIZE];
	struct hostent *host;
	struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
	host = gethostbyname(host_name);
	if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1)
	{
		perror("socket创建出错！");
		exit(1);
	}
	//初始化客户端
	serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serv_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVPORT);
	serv_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)host->h_addr_list[0]);
	bzero(&(serv_addr.sin_zero), 8);
	//connect
	if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1)
	{
		perror("connect error！");
		exit(1);
	}
	//recv
	if ((recvbytes = recv(sockfd, buf, MAXDATASIZE, 0)) == -1)
	{
		perror("recv出错！");
		exit(1);
	}
	buf[recvbytes] = '\0';
	printf("Received: %s", buf);
	close(sockfd);
	return 0;
}