ACPI-设备配置（device configuration）

        主要讲讲OSPM用来配置设备的对象（objects），一般有三种对象：

1. 设备识别对象，将平台设备与PnP ID 关联

2. 设备配置对象，用来声明配置硬件资源和特性

3. 设备插入和移除对象，来提供动态插入或者移除设备的机制

一.设备识别对象

Object	Description
_ADR	Object that evaluates to a device’s address on its parent bus.
_CID	Object that evaluates to a device’s Plug and Play-compatible ID list.
_CLS	Object that evaluates to a package of coded device-class information.
_DDN	Object that associates a logical software name (for example, COM1) with a device.
_HID	Object that evaluates to a device’s Plug and Play hardware ID.
_HRV	Object that evaluates to an integer hardware revision number.
_MLS	Object that provides a human readable description of a device in multiple languages.
_PLD	Object that provides physical location description information.
_SUB	Object that evaluates to a device’s Plug and Play subsystem ID.
_SUN	Object that evaluates to the slot-unique ID number for a slot.

_STR	Object that contains a Unicode identifier for a device. Can also be used for thermal zones.
_UID	Object that specifies a device’s unique persistent ID, or a control method that generates it.

 常用的一般如下，他们一般用name来执行，有的也可以用method实现

_ADR: 赋值设备在其父线上的地址。     Name(_ADR,0x00140000)

_DDN: 关联一个设备的逻辑软件名称，如串口的COM1/COM2。   Name (_DDN, "COM1")

_HID: 赋值一个设备的PnP ID。    Name(_HID, EISAID("PNP0501"))

_PLD: 提供物理位置的描述信息，如USB port。  Method(_PLD) { Return (GPLD(0,11)) } 

_UID: 陈述一个设备的唯一ID，或者用method产生一个唯一ID。Name(_UID, 1)

_CLS: 赋值设备PCI定义的class、subclass code 

                Name(_CLS, Package (3)
                {
                        0x01, // Base Class (01h == Mass Storage)
                        0x06, // Sub-Class (06h == SATA)
                        0x01, // Programming Interface (01h == AHCI)

                }）

二. 设备配置对象

    在ACPI 枚举设备时，OSPM可以用设备配置对象来配置硬件资源，它们可以用name提供当下或者可能的资源需求信息，也能用method来配置信息。

_CCA	Cache Coherency Attribute – specifies whether a device and its descendants support hardware managed cache coherency.
_CDM	Object that specifies a clock domain for a processor.
_CRS	Object that specifies a device’s current resource settings, or a control method that generates such an object.
_DIS	Control method that disables a device.
_DMA	Object that specifies a device’s current resources for DMA transactions.
_DSD	Object that evaluates to device specific information
_FIX	Object used to provide correlation between the fixed-hardware register blocks defined in the FADT and the devices that implement these fixed-hardware registers.
_GSB	Object that provides the Global System Interrupt Base for a hot-plugged I/O APIC device.
_HMA	Object that provides updated HMAT structures.
_HPP	Object that specifies the cache-line size, latency timer, SERR enable, and PERR enable values to be used when configuring a PCI device inserted into a hot-plug slot or initial configuration of a PCI device at system boot.
_HPX	Object that provides device parameters when configuring a PCI device inserted into a hot-plug slot or initial configuration of a PCI device at system boot. Supersedes _HPP.
_MAT	Object that evaluates to a buffer of Interrupt Controller Structures.
_OSC	An object OSPM evaluates to convey specific software support / capabilities to the platform al lowing the platform to configure itself appropriately.
_PRS	An object that specifies a device’s possible resource settings, or a control method that generates such an object.
_PRT	Object that specifies the PCI interrupt routing table.
_PXM	Object that specifies a proximity domain for a device.
_SLI	Object that provides updated distance information for a system locality.
_SRS	Control method that sets a device’s setting

        常用的几个如下：

_CRS: 描述当下分配到设备的系统资源，其数据为一串字节流，格式要满足Resource Data Types for ACPI （参见ACPI 6.4）

Name(_CRS, ResourceTemplate()
    {
        IO(Decode16, 0x20, 0x20, 0, 0x2)
        IO(Decode16, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0, 0x2)                                                                                                    IRQ(Edge, ActiveHigh, Exclusive ){2}
        IRQNoFlags(){2}
    })

或者用method 方法：

Method(_CRS,0, Serialized)
  {
    Name(BFFR, ResourceTemplate()
    {
      IO(Decode16,0x62,0x62,0,1)  // DIN/DOUT
      IO(Decode16,0x66,0x66,0,1)  // CMD/STS
    })

    Return(BFFR)
  }

_DIS: 采用method禁用设备，当禁用后，设备不会decode任何硬件资源，有时候系统里右键点击设备，可以看到禁用设备就是调用此对象；同时，method_STA bit1 需要清掉。

Method(_DIS, 0) {^^SIO1.DCNT(0, 0)}   

_PRS: 用一连串字节流来描述设备可能用到的资源，其格式同_CRS                                                Name(_PRS, ResourceTemplate(){
        StartDependentFn(0, 0) { 
            IRQNoFlags(){12} 
        }
        EndDependentFn()
    })

_SRS：采用method 来修改设备资源

三. 设备插入和移除对象

Object	Description
_EDL	Object that evaluates to a package of namespace references of device objects that depend on the device containing _EDL.
_EJD	Object that evaluates to the name of a device object on which a device depends. Whenever the named device is ejected, the dependent device must receive an ejection notification.
_EJx	Control method that ejects a device.
_LCK	Control method that locks or unlocks a device.
_OST	Control method invoked by OSPM to convey processing status to the platform.
_RMV	Object that indicates that the given device is removable.
_STA	Control method that returns a device’s status.

        最常用的就是_STA，来返回设备状态：enabled, disabled, or removed，返回值定义如下：

• Bit [0] - Set if the device is present.
• Bit [1] - Set if the device is enabled and decoding its resources.
• Bit [2] - Set if the device should be shown in the UI.
• Bit [3] - Set if the device is functioning properly (cleared if device failed its diagnostics).
• Bit [4] - Set if the battery is present.
• Bits [31:5] - Reserved (must be cleared)