opencv学习日记——直方图匹配

opencv学习日记——直方图匹配

一、图像处理结果

二、代码部分

#include<iostream>
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
void show_hist(Mat hist, string name);
Mat hist(Mat a);
int main()
{
    Mat img1 = imread("cat.jpg");
    Mat img, gray;
    cvtColor(img1, img, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
    Mat gray1 = imread("nazha.jpg");
    resize(gray1, gray, Size(670, 471));
    if (img.empty())
    {
        cout << "输入为空";
        return -1;
    }
    Mat hist1, hist2;

    hist1 = hist(img);
    hist2 = hist(gray);
    float hist1_cdf[256] = {hist1.at<float>(0)};
    float hist2_cdf[256] = {hist2.at<float>(0)};
    //计算概率累积
    for (int i = 1; i < 256; i++)
    {
        hist1_cdf[i] = hist1_cdf[i - 1] + hist1.at<float>(i);
        hist2_cdf[i] = hist2_cdf[i - 1] + hist2.at<float>(i);
    }
    //计算概率累计误差矩阵
    float diff_cdf[256][256];
    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 256; j++)
        {
            diff_cdf[i][j] = fabs(hist1_cdf[i] - hist2_cdf[j]);
        }
    }
    //生出LUT
    Mat lut(1, 256, CV_8U);
    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
    {
        float min = diff_cdf[i][0];
        int index = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < 256; j++)
        {
            if (min > diff_cdf[i][j])
            {
                min = diff_cdf[i][j];
                index = j;
            }
        }
        lut.at<uchar>(i) = (uchar)index;
    }

    Mat result, hist3;
    LUT(img, lut, result);
    hist3 = hist(result);
    imshow("待匹配图像", img);
    imshow("匹配的模板图像", gray);
    imshow("直方图匹配结果", result);

    show_hist(hist1, "img");
    show_hist(hist2, "gray");
    show_hist(hist3, "result");

    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}
//可视化直方图
void show_hist(Mat hist, string name)
{
    int hist_w = 512;
    int hist_h = 360;
    int width = 2;
    Mat img3 = Mat::zeros(hist_h, hist_w, CV_8UC1); 
    normalize(hist, hist, 1, 0, NORM_INF, -1, Mat());
    for (int i = 1; i < hist.rows ; i++ )
    {
        rectangle(img3, Point(width * (i - 1), hist_h - 1), Point(width * i - 1, hist_h - cvRound(hist_h * hist.at<float>(i - 1)) - 1), Scalar(255, 255, 255), -1);

    }
    imshow(name, img3);
    
}
//计算直方图矩阵
Mat hist(Mat a)
{
    int channels[1] = {0};
    Mat hist;
    int bins[1] = {256};
    float range[2] = {0, 255};
    const float * ranges[1] = {range};
    calcHist(&a, 1, channels, Mat(), hist, 1, bins, ranges);

    return hist;
}