# 文件名: random_walk.py from random import choice class RandomWalk(): """一个生成随机漫步数据的类""" def __init__(self, num_points=5000): """初始化随机漫步的属性""" self.num_points = num_points # 所有随机漫步始于(0,0)点 self.x_values = [0] self.y_values = [0] def fill_walk(self): """计算随机漫步包含的所有点""" # 不断漫步,直到列表达到指定的长度 while len(self.x_values) < self.num_points: # 决定前进的方向以及沿这个方向前进的距离 x_direction = choice([1, -1]) x_distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) x_step = x_direction * x_distance y_direction = choice([1, -1]) y_distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) y_step = y_direction * y_distance # 拒绝原地踏步 if x_step == 0 and y_step == 0: continue # 计算下一个点的x和y值 next_x = self.x_values[-1] + x_step next_y = self.y_values[-1] + y_step self.x_values.append(next_x) self.y_values.append(next_y)
# 文件名: rw_visual.py
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from random_walk import RandomWalk # 只要程序处于活动状态,就不断模拟随机漫步 while True: # 创建一个RandomWalk实例, 并将包含的点绘制出来 rw = RandomWalk(50000) rw.fill_walk() # 设置绘图窗口的尺寸 plt.figure(dpi=128, figsize=(10, 6)) # 绘制点并将图形显示出来 point_numbers = list(range(rw.num_points)) plt.scatter(rw.x_values, rw.y_values, c=point_numbers, cmap= plt.cm.Blues, edgecolors='none', s=1) # 突出起点和终点 plt.scatter(0, 0, c='green', edgecolors='none', s=100) plt.scatter(rw.x_values[-1], rw.y_values[-1], c='red', edgecolors='none', s=100) # 隐藏坐标轴 plt.gca().get_xaxis().set_visible(False) plt.gca().get_yaxis().set_visible(False) plt.show() keep_running = input("Make another walk?(y/n): ") if keep_running == 'n': break