这一次将运用三角函数的相关知识以及前面学过的相关知识，如声音、精灵图像等来设计Tank Battle游戏，即坦克大战。
Tank Battle游戏
为了实现该游戏，需要再向MyLibrary.py文件中添加一些东西：
# 计算两个点之间的角度
def target_angle(x1, y1, x2, y2):
delta_x = x2 - x1
delta_y = y2 - y1
angle_radians = math.atan2(delta_y, delta_x)
angle_degrees = math.degrees(angle_radians)
return angle_degrees
def angular_velocity(angle):
vel = Point(0, 0)
vel.x = math.cos(math.radians(angle))
vel.y = math.sin(math.radians(angle))
return vel
即用于实现旋转角度的一些函数
精灵类
涉及的精灵类有玩家坦克、敌方坦克和子弹类：
class Tank(MySprite):
def __init__(self, tank_file="tank.png", turret_file="turret.png"):
MySprite.__init__(self)
self.load(tank_file, 50, 60, 4)
self.speed = 0.0
self.scratch = None
self.float_pos = Point(0, 0)
self.velocity = Point(0, 0)
self.turret = MySprite()
self.turret.load(turret_file, 32, 64, 4)
self.fire_timer = 0
def update(self, ticks):
MySprite.update(self, ticks, 100)
self.rotation = wrap_angle(self.rotation)
self.scratch = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image, -self.rotation)
angle = wrap_angle(self.rotation - 90)
self.velocity = angular_velocity(angle)
self.float_pos.x += self.velocity.x
self.float_pos.y += self.velocity.y
# 保证坦克会一直留在界面上
if self.float_pos.x < -50:
self.float_pos.x = 800
elif self.float_pos.x > 800:
self.float_pos.x = -50
if self.float_pos.y < -60:
self.float_pos.y = 600
elif self.float_pos.y > 600:
self.float_pos.y = -60
self.X = int(self.float_pos.x)
self.Y = int(self.float_pos.y)
self.turret.position = (self.X, self.Y)
self.turret.last_frame = 0
self.turret.update(ticks, 100)
self.turret.rotation = wrap_angle(self.turret.rotation)
angle = self.turret.rotation + 90
self.turret.scratch = pygame.transform.rotate(self.turret.image, -angle)
def draw(self, surface):
width, height = self.scratch.get_size()
center = Point(width / 2, height / 2)
surface.blit(self.scratch, (self.X - center.x, self.Y - center.y))
# 绘制炮塔
width, height = self.turret.scratch.get_size()
center = Point(width / 2, height / 2)
surface.blit(self.turret.scratch, (self.turret.X - center.x, self.turret.Y - center.y))
def __str__(self):
return MySprite.__str__(self) + ", " + str(self.velocity)
class EnemyTank(Tank):
def __init__(self, tank_file="enemy_tank.png", turret_file="enemy_turret.png"):
Tank.__init__(self, tank_file, turret_file)
def update(self, ticks):
self.turret.rotation = wrap_angle(self.rotation - 90)
Tank.update(self, ticks)
def draw(self, surface):
Tank.draw(self, surface)
class Bullet(object):
def __init__(self, position):
self.alive = True
self.color = (250, 20, 20)
self.position = Point(position.x, position.y)
self.velocity = Point(0, 0)
self.rect = Rect(0, 0, 4, 4)
self.owner = ""
def update(self, ticks):
self.position.x += self.velocity.x * 10.0
self.position.y += self.velocity.y * 10.0
if self.position.x < 0 or self.position.x > 800 or self.position.y < 0 or self.position.y > 600:
self.alive = False
self.rect = Rect(self.position.x, self.position.y, 4, 4)
def draw(self, surface):
pos = (int(self.position.x), int(self.position.y))
pygame.draw.circle(surface, self.color, pos, 4, 0)
为了实现子弹类，还需要三个辅助函数用以实现双方坦克发射炮弹：
# 坦克发射炮弹
def fire_cannon(tank):
position = Point(tank.turret.X, tank.turret.Y)
bullet = Bullet(position)
angle = tank.turret.rotation
bullet.velocity = angular_velocity(angle)
bullets.append(bullet)
play_sound(shoot_sound)
return bullet
# 玩家发射炮弹
def player_fire_cannon():
bullet = fire_cannon(player)
bullet.owner = "player"
bullet.color = (30, 250, 30)
# 敌方发射炮弹
def enemy_fire_cannon():
bullet = fire_cannon(enemy_tank)
bullet.owner = "enemy"
bullet.color = (250, 30, 30)
游戏初始化操作
# 游戏的一些初始化操作
def game_init():
global screen, backbuffer, font, timer, player_group, player, enemy_tank, bullets, crosshair, crosshair_group
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
backbuffer = pygame.Surface((800, 600))
pygame.display.set_caption("Tank Battle Game")
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 30)
timer = pygame.time.Clock()
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
# 加载鼠标光标
crosshair = MySprite()
crosshair.load("crosshair.png")
crosshair_group = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()
crosshair_group.add(crosshair)
# 创建玩家的坦克
player = Tank()
player.float_pos = Point(400, 300)
# 创建敌方坦克
enemy_tank = EnemyTank()
enemy_tank.float_pos = Point(random.randint(50, 760), 50)
enemy_tank.rotation = 135
# 创建子弹精灵组
bullets = list()
还有声音的相关函数：
# 用于初始化加载声音
def audio_init():
global shoot_sound, boom_sound
pygame.mixer.init()
shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("shoot.wav")
boom_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("boom.wav")
# 播放声音
def play_sound(sound):
channel = pygame.mixer.find_channel(True)
channel.set_volume(0.5)
channel.play(sound)
完整源代码
源代码如下：
import random
import sys
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from MyLibrary import *
class Tank(MySprite):
def __init__(self, tank_file="tank.png", turret_file="turret.png"):
MySprite.__init__(self)
self.load(tank_file, 50, 60, 4)
self.speed = 0.0
self.scratch = None
self.float_pos = Point(0, 0)
self.velocity = Point(0, 0)
self.turret = MySprite()
self.turret.load(turret_file, 32, 64, 4)
self.fire_timer = 0
def update(self, ticks):
MySprite.update(self, ticks, 100)
self.rotation = wrap_angle(self.rotation)
self.scratch = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image, -self.rotation)
angle = wrap_angle(self.rotation - 90)
self.velocity = angular_velocity(angle)
self.float_pos.x += self.velocity.x
self.float_pos.y += self.velocity.y
# 保证坦克会一直留在界面上
if self.float_pos.x < -50:
self.float_pos.x = 800
elif self.float_pos.x > 800:
self.float_pos.x = -50
if self.float_pos.y < -60:
self.float_pos.y = 600
elif self.float_pos.y > 600:
self.float_pos.y = -60
self.X = int(self.float_pos.x)
self.Y = int(self.float_pos.y)
self.turret.position = (self.X, self.Y)
self.turret.last_frame = 0
self.turret.update(ticks, 100)
self.turret.rotation = wrap_angle(self.turret.rotation)
angle = self.turret.rotation + 90
self.turret.scratch = pygame.transform.rotate(self.turret.image, -angle)
def draw(self, surface):
width, height = self.scratch.get_size()
center = Point(width / 2, height / 2)
surface.blit(self.scratch, (self.X - center.x, self.Y - center.y))
# 绘制炮塔
width, height = self.turret.scratch.get_size()
center = Point(width / 2, height / 2)
surface.blit(self.turret.scratch, (self.turret.X - center.x, self.turret.Y - center.y))
def __str__(self):
return MySprite.__str__(self) + ", " + str(self.velocity)
class EnemyTank(Tank):
def __init__(self, tank_file="enemy_tank.png", turret_file="enemy_turret.png"):
Tank.__init__(self, tank_file, turret_file)
def update(self, ticks):
self.turret.rotation = wrap_angle(self.rotation - 90)
Tank.update(self, ticks)
def draw(self, surface):
Tank.draw(self, surface)
class Bullet(object):
def __init__(self, position):
self.alive = True
self.color = (250, 20, 20)
self.position = Point(position.x, position.y)
self.velocity = Point(0, 0)
self.rect = Rect(0, 0, 4, 4)
self.owner = ""
def update(self, ticks):
self.position.x += self.velocity.x * 10.0
self.position.y += self.velocity.y * 10.0
if self.position.x < 0 or self.position.x > 800 or self.position.y < 0 or self.position.y > 600:
self.alive = False
self.rect = Rect(self.position.x, self.position.y, 4, 4)
def draw(self, surface):
pos = (int(self.position.x), int(self.position.y))
pygame.draw.circle(surface, self.color, pos, 4, 0)
# 坦克发射炮弹
def fire_cannon(tank):
position = Point(tank.turret.X, tank.turret.Y)
bullet = Bullet(position)
angle = tank.turret.rotation
bullet.velocity = angular_velocity(angle)
bullets.append(bullet)
play_sound(shoot_sound)
return bullet
# 玩家发射炮弹
def player_fire_cannon():
bullet = fire_cannon(player)
bullet.owner = "player"
bullet.color = (30, 250, 30)
# 敌方发射炮弹
def enemy_fire_cannon():
bullet = fire_cannon(enemy_tank)
bullet.owner = "enemy"
bullet.color = (250, 30, 30)
# 游戏的一些初始化操作
def game_init():
global screen, backbuffer, font, timer, player_group, player, enemy_tank, bullets, crosshair, crosshair_group
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
backbuffer = pygame.Surface((800, 600))
pygame.display.set_caption("Tank Battle Game")
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 30)
timer = pygame.time.Clock()
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
# 加载鼠标光标
crosshair = MySprite()
crosshair.load("crosshair.png")
crosshair_group = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()
crosshair_group.add(crosshair)
# 创建玩家的坦克
player = Tank()
player.float_pos = Point(400, 300)
# 创建敌方坦克
enemy_tank = EnemyTank()
enemy_tank.float_pos = Point(random.randint(50, 760), 50)
enemy_tank.rotation = 135
# 创建子弹精灵组
bullets = list()
# 用于初始化加载声音
def audio_init():
global shoot_sound, boom_sound
pygame.mixer.init()
shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("shoot.wav")
boom_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("boom.wav")
# 播放声音
def play_sound(sound):
channel = pygame.mixer.find_channel(True)
channel.set_volume(0.5)
channel.play(sound)
if __name__ == "__main__":
game_init()
audio_init()
game_over = False
player_score = 0
enemy_score = 0
last_time = 0
mouse_x = mouse_y = 0
while True:
timer.tick(30)
ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks()
mouse_up = mouse_down = 0
mouse_up_x = mouse_up_y = 0
mouse_down_x = mouse_down_y = 0
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
sys.exit()
elif event.type == MOUSEMOTION:
mouse_x, mouse_y = event.pos
mov_x, mov_y = event.rel
elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mouse_down = event.button
mouse_down_x, mouse_down_y = event.pos
elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:
mouse_up = event.button
mouse_up_x, mouse_up_y = event.pos
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[K_ESCAPE]:
sys.exit()
# 左右键用于控制旋转
elif keys[K_a] or keys[K_LEFT]:
player.rotation -= 2.0
elif keys[K_d] or keys[K_RIGHT]:
player.rotation += 2.0
# 按空格键或者按鼠标则发射炮弹
if keys[K_SPACE] or mouse_up > 0:
if ticks > player.fire_timer + 1000:
player.fire_timer = ticks
player_fire_cannon()
if not game_over:
crosshair.position = (mouse_x, mouse_y)
crosshair_group.update(ticks)
angle = target_angle(player.turret.X, player.turret.Y,
crosshair.X + crosshair.frame_width / 2,
crosshair.Y + crosshair.frame_height / 2)
player.turret.rotation = angle
player.update(ticks)
enemy_tank.update(ticks)
# 设置敌方坦克每隔1秒发射一枚炮弹
if ticks > enemy_tank.fire_timer + 1000:
enemy_tank.fire_timer = ticks
enemy_fire_cannon()
# 对每一枚炮弹做相应的处理
for bullet in bullets:
bullet.update(ticks)
if bullet.owner == "player":
if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(bullet, enemy_tank):
player_score += 1
bullet.alive = False
play_sound(boom_sound)
elif bullet.owner == "enemy":
if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(bullet, player):
enemy_score += 1
bullet.alive = False
play_sound(boom_sound)
backbuffer.fill((100, 100, 20))
for bullet in bullets:
bullet.draw(backbuffer)
enemy_tank.draw(backbuffer)
player.draw(backbuffer)
crosshair_group.draw(backbuffer)
screen.blit(backbuffer, (0, 0))
if not game_over:
print_text(font, 0, 0, "PLAYER:" + str(player_score))
print_text(font, 700, 0, "ENEMY:" + str(enemy_score))
else:
print_text(font, 0, 0, "G A M E O V E R")
# 命中的子弹消失
for bullet in bullets:
if bullet.alive == False:
bullets.remove(bullet)
pygame.display.update()
运行结果如下：
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