采用Python OpenCV检测图形

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-04 10:01:40 发布

琴音渺渺

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-04 10:01:40 发布

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文章标签： python opencv 开发语言计算机视觉

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_58663339/article/details/136688607

版权

需求

根据图片中图形的形状，得出对应的用户群体，比如长方形对应严肃的年长人群，圆形对应活泼的少女人群。

步骤

获取图片的灰度，使用高斯模糊、Canny算子检测对图片进行滤波
获取图形的轮廓和顶点
根据图形的顶点数目和周长面积比，进行分类
基于第3点，返回对应的人群数组

代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import cv2
import numpy as np
# import sys


# 定义形状检测函数
def ShapeDetection(img, imgContour):
    # 寻找轮廓点
    # cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL只检测最外围轮廓
    contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(img, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)
    # 总面积
    all_area = 0
    return_value_list = []
    for obj in contours:
        # 计算轮廓内区域的面积
        contour_area = cv2.contourArea(obj)
        all_area += contour_area
    for obj in contours:
        # 绘制轮廓线
        cv2.drawContours(imgContour, obj, -1, (255, 0, 0), 4)
        # 计算轮廓周长
        perimeter = cv2.arcLength(obj, True)
        # print(perimeter)
        # 计算轮廓内区域的面积
        contour_area = cv2.contourArea(obj)
        # 面积占比
        area_proportion = contour_area / all_area
        area_proportion = round(area_proportion, 2)
        # print(contour_area)
        # 计算周长面积比
        if contour_area != 0:
            perimeter_area = perimeter / contour_area
            # print(perimeter_area)
        # 获取轮廓角点坐标
        approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(obj, 0.02*perimeter, True)
        # 轮廓角点的数量
        CornerNum = len(approx)
        # 获取坐标值和宽度、高度
        x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(approx)

        # 三角形
        objType = "None"
        return_value = 0
        if CornerNum == 3:
            objType = "triangle" + str(CornerNum)
            return_value = 1
        # 矩形
        elif CornerNum == 4:
            # 正方形
            if w == h:
                objType = "Square" + str(CornerNum)
                return_value = 2
            # 非正方形的矩形
            else:
                objType = "Rectangle" + str(CornerNum)
                return_value = 3
        elif CornerNum == 5:
            # 五边形
            objType = "5" + str(CornerNum)
            return_value = 4
        elif CornerNum == 6:
            # 六边形
            objType = "6" + str(CornerNum)
            return_value = 5
        elif CornerNum == 7:
            # 七边形
            objType = "7" + str(CornerNum)
            return_value = 6
        # 8个顶点的情况：圆角三角形
        elif CornerNum == 8:
            # 椭圆形
            if 0.015 < perimeter_area < 0.019:
                objType = "Ellipse long" + str(CornerNum)
                return_value = 7
            # 圆角三角形
            if 0.049 < perimeter_area < 0.050:
                objType = "triangle" + str(CornerNum)
                return_value = 1
        elif CornerNum > 8:
            # 圆
            if w == h:
                objType = "Circle" + str(CornerNum)
                return_value = 8
            else:
                objType = "Curved edge graphics" + str(CornerNum)
                return_value = 0
        else:
            objType = "Curved edge graphics" + str(CornerNum)
            return_value = 0
        return_value_list.append([return_value, area_proportion])

    return_people = [30, 31, 32, 33, 34]
    if len(contours) > 1:
        # 遍历图形分类和面积
        # 各种面积
        # 0 曲面图形
        curved_edge_area_sum = 0
        # 1 三角图形
        triangle_area_sum = 0
        # 2 正方形
        square_area_sum = 0
        # 3 长方形
        rectangle_area_sum = 0
        pentagon_area_sum = 0
        hexagon_area_sum = 0
        heptagon_area_sum = 0
        ellipse_area_sum = 0
        circle_area_sum = 0

        for index in return_value_list:
            if index[0] == 0:
                curved_edge_area_sum += index[1]
            elif index[0] == 1:
                triangle_area_sum += index[1]
            elif index[0] == 2:
                square_area_sum += index[1]
            elif index[0] == 3:
                rectangle_area_sum += index[1]
            elif index[0] == 4:
                pentagon_area_sum += index[1]
            elif index[0] == 5:
                hexagon_area_sum += index[1]
            elif index[0] == 6:
                heptagon_area_sum += index[1]
            elif index[0] == 7:
                ellipse_area_sum += index[1]
            elif index[0] == 8:
                circle_area_sum += index[1]
            else:
                pass
        sum456 = pentagon_area_sum + hexagon_area_sum + heptagon_area_sum
        # if rectangle_area_sum > 0 and square_area_sum >= triangle_area_sum >= rectangle_area_sum:
        if square_area_sum >= triangle_area_sum >= rectangle_area_sum:
            return_people = [0]
        # if rectangle_area_sum == 0 and triangle_area_sum > 0 and square_area_sum >= triangle_area_sum:
        if rectangle_area_sum == 0 and square_area_sum >= triangle_area_sum:
            return_people = [1, 4]
        # if circle_area_sum == 0 and sum456 > 0 and rectangle_area_sum >= sum456:
        if circle_area_sum == 0 and rectangle_area_sum >= sum456:
            return_people = [10, 11, 14]
        # if circle_area_sum > 0 and rectangle_area_sum >= sum456 >= circle_area_sum:
        if rectangle_area_sum >= sum456 >= circle_area_sum:
            return_people = [12, 13]
        # if ellipse_area_sum == 0 and triangle_area_sum > 0 and sum456 > circle_area_sum > triangle_area_sum:
        if ellipse_area_sum == 0 and sum456 > circle_area_sum > triangle_area_sum:
            return_people = [20]
        # if ellipse_area_sum > 0 and sum456 > circle_area_sum > ellipse_area_sum:
        if sum456 > circle_area_sum > ellipse_area_sum:
            return_people = [21, 22, 23]
        # if ellipse_area_sum > 0 and sum456 > curved_edge_area_sum > ellipse_area_sum:
        if sum456 > curved_edge_area_sum > ellipse_area_sum:
            return_people = [24]
        # if ellipse_area_sum > 0 and sum456 == 0 and circle_area_sum >= ellipse_area_sum:
        if sum456 == 0 and circle_area_sum >= ellipse_area_sum:
            return_people = [30, 31, 32, 33, 34]
        if sum456 == 0 and curved_edge_area_sum >= ellipse_area_sum:
            return_people = [40, 41, 42, 43, 44]
    else:
        if return_value_list[0][0] == 1 or return_value_list[0][0] == 2:
            return_people = [10, 11, 12, 13, 14]
        elif return_value_list[0][0] == 3:
            return_people = [20, 21, 22, 23, 24]
        elif return_value_list[0][0] == 4 or return_value_list[0][0] == 5 or return_value_list[0][0] == 6:
            return_people = [30, 31, 32, 33, 34]
        elif return_value_list[0][0] == 8:
            return_people = [30, 31, 32, 33, 34]
        elif return_value_list[0][0] == 0:
            return_people = [40, 41, 42, 43, 44]
        elif return_value_list[0][0] == 7:
            return_people = [30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44]
        else:
            return_people = [30, 31, 32, 33, 34]
    return return_people

    # return return_value_list
        # 显示
        # print(CornerNum)
        # objType += str(perimeter) + " " + str(contour_area) # + "  " + str(perimeter_area)
        # 绘制边界框
        # cv2.rectangle(imgContour, (x, y), (x+w, y+h), (0, 0, 255), 2)
        # 绘制文字
        # cv2.putText(imgContour, objType, (x+(w//2), y + (h//2)), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX, 0.6, (0, 0, 0), 1)


# 主函数
def contour_calculator_main(filepath):
    # 读取图片
    img = cv2.imread(filepath)
    imgContour = img.copy()
    # 转灰度图
    imgGray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
    # 高斯模糊
    imgBlur = cv2.GaussianBlur(imgGray, (5, 5), 1)
    # Canny算子边缘检测
    imgCanny = cv2.Canny(imgBlur, 60, 60)
    # 形状检测
    print(ShapeDetection(imgCanny, imgContour))

    # cv2.imshow("Original img", img)
    # cv2.imshow("imgGray", imgGray)
    # cv2.imshow("imgBlur", imgBlur)
    # cv2.imshow("imgCanny", imgCanny)
    # cv2.imshow("shape Detection", imgContour)
    # cv2.waitKey(0)


# 测试代码
# 测试中文路径：不可行
# any_filepath = 'D:/pic/shop.png'
# 圆角长方体
# any_filepath = 'D:/MyProject/OpenCV2/photo/targetRectangle.jpg'
# any_filepath = 'D:/MyProject/OpenCV2/photo/targetOval.jpg'
# any_filepath = 'D:/MyProject/OpenCV2/photo/targetIncludeWord.jpg'
# any_filepath = 'D:/MyProject/OpenCV2/photo/targetInregular.png'
# any_filepath = 'D:/MyProject/OpenCV2/photo/target01.png'
any_filepath = 'D:/Projects/PersonalProjects/ShapeDetection/photo/target02.jpg'
contour_calculator_main(any_filepath)


# 主函数
# if __name__ == '__main__':
#     any_filepath = sys.argv[1]
#     contour_calculator_main(any_filepath)


# 自动识别几何轮廓，把圆识别
# 圆角的长方形
# 拟合曲线，滤波
# 识别图形的关节角度
# 找图形之间的阈值


# 2022年9月27日
# 可以识别png
# 轮廓太浅，边界颜色太浅无法识别

# 1.识别圆角
# 2.查找比例
# 圆角三角形，8个顶点，周长面积比0.0493567，可以定为0.049-0.050之间
# 长椭圆：6或者8个顶点，周长面积比0.015-0.022


# 分类逻辑：
# 1.单个图形，利用顶点和长宽比进行区分
# 三个顶点：三角形
# 四个顶点：
#     长宽相等：正方形
#     长宽不等: 长方形
# 五个顶点：五边形
# 六个顶点：六边形
# 七个顶点：七边形
# 八个顶点：
#     0.015 < perimeter_area < 0.019：椭圆形
#     0.049 < perimeter_area < 0.050：圆角三角形
# 八个以上顶点：
#     长宽相等：圆形
# 长宽不等：其他图形
# 其余情况：其他图形
#
# 2.多个图形，在1的基础按照面积占比分类。占比顺序与表一致。