Rational Function

Sketching Rational Function

Step1 : Find the Asymptotes(Vertical or horizontal or oblique...)

Step2 : Find the intersections of curve with axis, and horizontal asymptotes.

Step3 Find turning point(if nessary)

Graph related with f(x)

y=|f(x)|

y=f(|x|)

y=-f(x)

 y = \frac{1}{f(x)}

y^2 = f(x)

For\ y = \frac{1}{f(x)}, it\ increases \ when\ f(x) \ decreases, and\ decreases \ when \ f(x) \ increases

\frac{d}{dx}(\frac{1}{f(x)})=\frac{df(x)^{-1}}{df(x)}*\frac{df(x)}{dx}=-f(x)^{-2}*f'(x)=-\frac{f'(x)}{f(x)^2}​​​​​​​

For \ y^2=f(x), we \ have\ \frac{dy^2}{du}*\frac{du}{dx}=\frac{df(x)}{dx}\(chain \ rule), which \ is \ \frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{f'(x)}{2y},\ so\ when \ y>0,\ the \ gradient \ of \ y=f(x) \ and \ y^2=f(x) \ have \ the\\ \ same \ sign \ for \ a\ given\ value\ of\ x​​​​​​​

Solutions for different forms
1:f(x)=\frac{ax+b}{cx+d}

Vertical Asymptotes: x = \frac{-d}{c}

​​​​​​​Horizontal Asymptotes:y = \frac{a}{c}​​​​​​​

2:f(x)= \frac{ax^2+bx+c}{dx^2+ex+f}​​​​​​​

 ​​​​​​Vertical Asymptotes: tow\ roots\ of\ dx^2+ex+f​​​​​​​

Horizontal Asymptotes: y= 0

3:f(x)=\frac{ax+b}{c^2x+dx+e}​​​​​​​

Vertical Asymptotes \ y=0​​​​​​​

Horizontal\ Asymptotes: y = 0​​​​​​​

4: f(x)= \frac{ax^2+bx+c}{dx+e}

Vertical Asymptotes: x = \frac{-e}{d}

Oblique\ Asymptotes: y = mx +b \ using \ long \ division

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