three.js+vue3+vite教学（六、雾化、材质更换、常见几何体）

雾化

我们可以对我们的场景进行一些雾化的效果

先定义出雾化的方法addFog，并且加到gui中

我们只需要调用scene的fog的api，实例化出fog的对象，然后给出一些控制雾化效果的值即可

雾化效果实现成功

移除雾化

只需要将对象制空即可

材质重写

常见几何体

这里注意要引入一个包，当然，ws的话自动导入即可

我们建立一个数组，用来存放我们的几何体

<template>
    <div ref="statsRef"></div>
    <div className="contain" ref="containerRef">
    </div>
</template>

<script setup lang='ts'>
import {
    AxesHelper,
    BoxGeometry,
    BufferGeometry,
    Color,
    CylinderGeometry,
    Fog,
    Mesh,
    MeshBasicMaterial,
    MeshLambertMaterial,
    OctahedronGeometry,
    PerspectiveCamera,
    PlaneGeometry,
    Scene,
    SphereGeometry,
    SpotLight,
    TetrahedronGeometry,
    TorusGeometry,
    WebGLRenderer
} from 'three';
import { ref, reactive, onMounted } from 'vue'
import Stats from 'stats.js'
import * as dat from 'dat.gui'
import { createMultiMaterialObject } from 'three/examples/jsm/utils/SceneUtils'

const containerRef = ref<HTMLDivElement>()
const statsRef = ref<HTMLDivElement>()
const stats = new Stats()
stats.dom.style.top = "50px"
stats.showPanel(0)
// 创建场景
const scene = new Scene()
// 创建照相机
const camera = new PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 0.1, 1000)
// 设置摄像机位置
camera.position.set(-30, 40, 30)
// 设置摄像机朝向（看哪）
camera.lookAt(scene.position)
// webgl渲染器
const renderer = new WebGLRenderer()
renderer.setClearColor(new Color(0xeeeeee))
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
// 可以渲染阴影
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true

// 光源
const spotLight = new SpotLight(0xffffff)
spotLight.castShadow = true
spotLight.position.set(-40, 60, -10)
scene.add(spotLight)

// 添加平面几何体
const planeGeometry = new PlaneGeometry(60, 20)
// 添加材质
const meshBasicMaterial = new MeshLambertMaterial({ color: 0xcccccc })
const plane = new Mesh(planeGeometry, meshBasicMaterial)
// 接受阴影
plane.receiveShadow = true
// 调整位置
plane.rotation.x = -0.5 * Math.PI //放平
plane.position.x = 15
plane.position.y = 0
plane.position.z = 0
scene.add(plane)

// 添加几何体
const cubeGeometry = new BoxGeometry(4, 4, 4)
const cubeMaterial = new MeshLambertMaterial({ color: 0xff0000, wireframe: false })
const cube = new Mesh(cubeGeometry, cubeMaterial)
cube.castShadow = true
cube.position.set(2, 2, 2)
scene.add(cube)

// 球体
const sphereGeometry = new SphereGeometry(4)
const sphereMaterial = new MeshLambertMaterial({ color: 0x7777ff, wireframe: false })
const sphere = new Mesh(sphereGeometry, sphereMaterial)
sphere.castShadow = true
sphere.position.x = 20
sphere.position.y = 4
sphere.position.z = 2
scene.add(sphere)

// 建立一些常见的几何体
const geoms: BufferGeometry[] = []
geoms.push(new CylinderGeometry(1, 4, 8))
geoms.push(new BoxGeometry(2, 2, 2))
// 八面体
geoms.push(new OctahedronGeometry(3))
// 三棱锥
geoms.push(new TetrahedronGeometry(3))
// 环形
geoms.push(new TorusGeometry(3, 1, 10, 10))
// 建立材质的数组
const materials = [
    new MeshLambertMaterial({
        color: Math.random() * 0xffffff,
        flatShading: true
    }),
    new MeshBasicMaterial({
        color: 0x000000,
        wireframe: true
    })
]
geoms.forEach((g, i) => {
    const mesh = createMultiMaterialObject(g, materials);
    mesh.castShadow = true
    mesh.position.x = -24 + i * 10
    mesh.position.y = 4
    scene.add(mesh)
})


// 添加坐标系
const axes = new AxesHelper(20)
scene.add(axes)

const controlRef = ref({
    rotationSpeed: 0.02,//旋转速度
    bouncingSpeed: 0.03,//弹跳速度
    numberOfObjects: 0,//统计
    addCube: function () {
        const cubeGeometry = new BoxGeometry(4, 4, 4)
        // const cubeMaterial = new MeshLambertMaterial({ color: Math.random() * 255, wireframe: false })
        const cube = new Mesh(cubeGeometry, cubeMaterial)
        cube.name = "cube-" + scene.children.length
        cube.castShadow = true
        cube.position.x = -30 + Math.round((Math.random() * 60))
        cube.position.y = Math.round((Math.random() * 5))
        cube.position.z = -20 + Math.round((Math.random() * 40))
        scene.add(cube)
        // console.log(scene.children);
        this.numberOfObjects = scene.children.length
    },
    // 删除
    remove: function () {
        // 拿到所有子物体
        const allChildren = scene.children
        // 拿到最后一个
        const lastObject = allChildren[allChildren.length - 1]
        if (lastObject instanceof Mesh && lastObject.name.startsWith('cube')) {
            scene.remove(lastObject)
        }
        this.numberOfObjects = scene.children.length
    },
    // 雾化
    addFog: function () {
        const fog = new Fog(0xffffff, 0.015, 100)
        fog.name = 'fog'
        scene.fog = fog
        this.numberOfObjects = scene.children.length
    },
    // 移除雾化 
    removeFog: function () {
        scene.fog = null
    },
    // 改变材质
    toggleMaterial: function () {
        if (!scene.overrideMaterial) {
            scene.overrideMaterial = new MeshLambertMaterial({
                color: 0xffffff
            })
        } else {
            scene.overrideMaterial = null
        }
    }
})
// const gui = new dat.GUI()
// gui.add(controlRef.value,"rotationSpeed",0,0.5)
// gui.add(controlRef.value,"bouncingSpeed",0,0.5)
// 判斷
if (document.querySelectorAll(".dg.ac>.dg.main.a").length === 0) {
    const gui = new dat.GUI()
    gui.add(controlRef.value, "numberOfObjects").listen()
    gui.add(controlRef.value, "addCube")
    gui.add(controlRef.value, "remove")
    gui.add(controlRef.value, "addFog")
    gui.add(controlRef.value, "removeFog")
    gui.add(controlRef.value, "toggleMaterial")
    gui.add(controlRef.value, "rotationSpeed", 0, 0.5)
    gui.add(controlRef.value, "bouncingSpeed", 0, 0.5)

}
let step = 0

function renderScene() {
    stats.update()
    scene.traverse((e) => {
        // if (e instanceof Mesh && e != plane) {
        //     e.rotation.x += controlRef.value.rotationSpeed
        //     e.rotation.y += controlRef.value.rotationSpeed
        //     e.rotation.z += controlRef.value.rotationSpeed
        // }
        if (e.name.startsWith('cube')) {
            e.rotation.x += controlRef.value.rotationSpeed
            e.rotation.y += controlRef.value.rotationSpeed
            e.rotation.z += controlRef.value.rotationSpeed
        }
    })
    cube.rotation.x += controlRef.value.rotationSpeed
    cube.rotation.y += controlRef.value.rotationSpeed
    cube.rotation.z += controlRef.value.rotationSpeed

    step += controlRef.value.bouncingSpeed
    sphere.position.x = 20 + 10 * Math.cos(step)
    sphere.position.y = 2 * 10 * Math.abs(Math.sin(step))

    requestAnimationFrame(renderScene)
    renderer.render(scene, camera)
}

renderScene()
onMounted(() => {
    statsRef.value?.append(stats.dom)
    containerRef.value?.appendChild(renderer.domElement)
    renderer.render(scene, camera)
})

// 监听窗口变化
window.addEventListener('resize', () => {
    camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight
    // 更新相机投影矩阵
    camera.updateProjectionMatrix()
    renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
}, false)
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>