目录
实验原理
路由器核心功能是分组转发和路由选择
使用路由器互连VLAN的传统方法是：将路由器端口类型设置为 Access，将其接入交换机特定VLAN 的端口，这样该路由器端口就可以 接收该VLAN 的通信，将通信从连接其他VLAN的路由器端口转发出去。 但这种方法存在以下主要问题：
•容易形成性能瓶颈。因为路由器转发分组的速率低于交换机转 发MAC帧的速率，容易在高速VLAN之间形成性能瓶颈。
• 成本提高。由于路由器端口数量有限，为支持众多VLAN之间的互连，需要部署大量路由器，增加了成本和网络复杂性。
为解决上述问题，可以使用Dot1q终结子接口技术，只需一个或几个路由器端口就可以实现众多VLAN之间的通信。若仅使用一个路由器端 口实现IP子网或VLAN之间的通信，称该路由器为单臂路由器。
Dot1q:
Dot1q终结（Dot1q Termination）是指在交换机或路由器收到带有IEEE 802.1Q VLAN标记的数据包时，会识别并移除该标记，然后对数据包进行转发。如果目的地位于同一VLAN中，则交换机或路由器将在出接口上添加相应的VLAN标记（若目的地址位于同一个VLAN中，则设备可能会保留原始的VLAN标记，并在出接口上继续携带该标记转发出去）。如果目的地不在同一个VLAN中，则交换机或路由器会根据其配置将数据包转发给正确的VLAN，在出接口上移除原始的VLAN标记，并添加适当的VLAN标记，以确保数据包按照正确的VLAN进行转发。
对发送的报文，则在添加相应的VLAN标 记后再发送。
子接口：
子接口（Sub Interface）是通过协议和技术从一个物理接口 （Interface）划分出来的虚拟接口。相对子接口，物理接口被称为主接口。可以从一个物理接口划分出多个子接口。每个子接口在功能和作用上与物理接口没有任何区别。子接口共用主接口的物理层参数，又可以分别配置各自的链路层和网络层参数。用户可以禁用或者激活子接 口，而不会对主接口产生影响；但主接口状态的变化会对子接口产生影响，特别是只有主接口处于连通状态时，子接口才能正常工作。子接口 的出现打破了每个设备物理接口数量有限的局限。但Dot1q终结子接口 只能实现不同IP网段的VLAN间互通。
案例
设备配置
以下图为例
PC的配置如下
配置LSW1
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname LSW1
[LSW1]vlan batch 10 30
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[LSW1]
Sep 17 2023 09:01:14-08:00 LSW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.2
5.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[LSW1]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[LSW1]port-group pvlan10
[LSW1-port-group-pvlan10]group-member g0/0/9 to g0/0/12
[LSW1-port-group-pvlan10]port link-type access
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]port link-type access
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]port link-type access
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/11]port link-type access
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/12]port link-type access
[LSW1-port-group-pvlan10]port default vlan 10
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]port default vlan 10
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]port default vlan 10
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/11]port default vlan 10
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/12]port default vlan 10
[LSW1-port-group-pvlan10]qu
[LSW1]port-group pvlan30
[LSW1-port-group-pvlan30]group-member g0/0/13 to g0/0/16
[LSW1-port-group-pvlan30]port link-type access
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/13]port link-type access
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/14]port link-type access
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/15]port link-type access
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/16]port link-type access
[LSW1-port-group-pvlan30]port default vlan 30
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/13]port default vlan 30
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/14]port default vlan 30
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/15]port default vlan 30
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/16]port default vlan 30
[LSW1-port-group-pvlan30]qu
[LSW1]interface g0/0/24
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port link-type trunk
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 30
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]qu
[LSW1]display vlan
The total number of vlans is : 3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U: Up; D: Down; TG: Tagged; UT: Untagged;
MP: Vlan-mapping; ST: Vlan-stacking;
#: ProtocolTransparent-vlan; *: Management-vlan;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VID Type Ports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 common UT:GE0/0/1(D) GE0/0/2(D) GE0/0/3(D) GE0/0/4(D)
GE0/0/5(D) GE0/0/6(D) GE0/0/7(D) GE0/0/8(D)
GE0/0/17(D) GE0/0/18(D) GE0/0/19(D) GE0/0/20(D)
GE0/0/21(D) GE0/0/22(D) GE0/0/23(D) GE0/0/24(U)
10 common UT:GE0/0/9(U) GE0/0/10(D) GE0/0/11(D) GE0/0/12(D)
TG:GE0/0/24(U)
30 common UT:GE0/0/13(U) GE0/0/14(D) GE0/0/15(D) GE0/0/16(D)
TG:GE0/0/24(U)
VID Status Property MAC-LRN Statistics Description
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 enable default enable disable VLAN 0001
10 enable default enable disable VLAN 0010
30 enable default enable disable VLAN 0030 配置LSW2的过程与LSW1相同
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname LSW2
[LSW2]VL
Sep 17 2023 09:10:36-08:00 LSW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.2
5.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095
^
Error:Ambiguous command found at '^' position.
[LSW2]
[LSW2]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[LSW2]vlan batch 10 30
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[LSW2]port-group pvlan10
[LSW2-port-group-pvlan10]group-member g0/0/9 to g0/0/12
[LSW2-port-group-pvlan10]port link-type access
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]port link-type access
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]port link-type access
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/11]port link-type access
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/12]port link-type access
[LSW2-port-group-pvlan10]port default vlan 10
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]port default vlan 10
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]port default vlan 10
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/11]port default vlan 10
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/12]port default vlan 10
[LSW2-port-group-pvlan10]qu
[LSW2]port-group pvlan30
[LSW2-port-group-pvlan30]group-member g0/0/13 to g0/0/16
[LSW2-port-group-pvlan30]port link-type access
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/13]port link-type access
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/14]port link-type access
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/15]port link-type access
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/16]port link-type access
[LSW2-port-group-pvlan30]port default vlan 30
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/13]port default vlan 30
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/14]port default vlan 30
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/15]port default vlan 30
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/16]port default vlan 30
[LSW2-port-group-pvlan30]qu
[LSW2]int g0/0/24
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port link-type trunk
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 30
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]qu
[LSW2]display vlan
The total number of vlans is : 3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U: Up; D: Down; TG: Tagged; UT: Untagged;
MP: Vlan-mapping; ST: Vlan-stacking;
#: ProtocolTransparent-vlan; *: Management-vlan;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VID Type Ports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 common UT:GE0/0/1(D) GE0/0/2(D) GE0/0/3(D) GE0/0/4(D)
GE0/0/5(D) GE0/0/6(D) GE0/0/7(D) GE0/0/8(D)
GE0/0/17(D) GE0/0/18(D) GE0/0/19(D) GE0/0/20(D)
GE0/0/21(D) GE0/0/22(D) GE0/0/23(D) GE0/0/24(U)
10 common UT:GE0/0/9(U) GE0/0/10(D) GE0/0/11(D) GE0/0/12(D)
TG:GE0/0/24(U)
30 common UT:GE0/0/13(U) GE0/0/14(D) GE0/0/15(D) GE0/0/16(D)
TG:GE0/0/24(U)
VID Status Property MAC-LRN Statistics Description
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 enable default enable disable VLAN 0001
10 enable default enable disable VLAN 0010
30 enable default enable disable VLAN 0030
[LSW2]配置LSW3
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname LSW3
[LSW3]
Sep 17 2023 09:16:11-08:00 LSW3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.2
5.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[LSW3]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[LSW3]vlan batch 10 30
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[LSW3]int g0/0/2
[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 30
[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]qu
[LSW3]int g0/0/23
[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]port link-type trunk
[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 30
[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]qu
[LSW3]int g0/0/24
[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port link-type trunk
[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 30
[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]qu
[LSW3]display vlan
The total number of vlans is : 3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U: Up; D: Down; TG: Tagged; UT: Untagged;
MP: Vlan-mapping; ST: Vlan-stacking;
#: ProtocolTransparent-vlan; *: Management-vlan;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VID Type Ports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 common UT:GE0/0/1(D) GE0/0/2(U) GE0/0/3(D) GE0/0/4(D)
GE0/0/5(D) GE0/0/6(D) GE0/0/7(D) GE0/0/8(D)
GE0/0/9(D) GE0/0/10(D) GE0/0/11(D) GE0/0/12(D)
GE0/0/13(D) GE0/0/14(D) GE0/0/15(D) GE0/0/16(D)
GE0/0/17(D) GE0/0/18(D) GE0/0/19(D) GE0/0/20(D)
GE0/0/21(D) GE0/0/22(D) GE0/0/23(U) GE0/0/24(U)
10 common TG:GE0/0/2(U) GE0/0/23(U) GE0/0/24(U)
30 common TG:GE0/0/2(U) GE0/0/23(U) GE0/0/24(U)
VID Status Property MAC-LRN Statistics Description
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 enable default enable disable VLAN 0001
10 enable default enable disable VLAN 0010
30 enable default enable disable VLAN 0030
[LSW3]将PC-10-1与PC-10-2和PC-30-2通信：
PC>ping 192.168.10.12
Ping 192.168.10.12: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=94 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=78 ms
--- 192.168.10.12 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/81/94 ms
PC>ping 192.168.30.12
Ping 192.168.30.12: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.10.11: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.10.11: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.10.11: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.10.11: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.10.11: Destination host unreachable
--- 192.168.10.254 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
0 packet(s) received
100.00% packet loss将PC-30-1与PC-10-2和PC-30-2通信：
PC>ping 192.168.30.12
Ping 192.168.30.12: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=94 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=109 ms
--- 192.168.30.12 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/87/109 ms
PC>ping 192.168.10.12
Ping 192.168.10.12: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.30.11: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.30.11: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.30.11: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.30.11: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.30.11: Destination host unreachable
--- 192.168.30.254 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
0 packet(s) received
100.00% packet loss可以看到，不同vlan之间是不能相互通信的，现在来实现单臂路由
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname RTA
#创建子接口g0/0/2.10并进入子接口视图
[RTA]interface g0/0/2.10
#终结子接口
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10]dot1q termination vid 10
#为子接口分配IP地址
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10]ip address 192.168.10.1 24
Sep 17 2023 09:43:02-08:00 RTA %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10 has entered the UP state.
#终结子接口默认直接丢弃广播报文，因此需要配置子接口允许其发送ARP请求和转发ARP广播报文。
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10]arp broadcast enable
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10]qu
#创建子接口g0/0/2.30并进入子接口视图
[RTA]interface g0/0/2.30
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.30]dot1q termination vid 30
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.30]ip address 192.168.30.1 24
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.30]
Sep 17 2023 09:44:18-08:00 RTA %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2.30 has entered the UP state.
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.30]arp broadcast enable
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.30]qu
#查看所有端口的状态
[RTA]display interface brief
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
^down: standby
(e): ETHOAM down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface PHY Protocol InUti OutUti inErrors outErrors
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 up down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10 up up 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2.30 up up 0% 0% 0 0
NULL0 up up(s) 0% 0% 0 0
#查看所有端口的ip信息
[RTA]display ip interface brief
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 2
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 3
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 unassigned down down
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 unassigned down down
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned up down
GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10 192.168.10.1/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2.30 192.168.30.1/24 up up
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
#查看子接口IP配置
[RTA]display IP interface g0/0/2.10
GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes
input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
Directed-broadcast packets:
received packets: 0, sent packets: 0
forwarded packets: 0, dropped packets: 0
ARP packet input number: 0
Request packet: 0
Reply packet: 0
Unknown packet: 0
Internet Address is 192.168.10.1/24
Broadcast address : 192.168.10.255
TTL being 1 packet number: 0
TTL invalid packet number: 0
ICMP packet input number: 0
Echo reply: 0
Unreachable: 0
Source quench: 0
Routing redirect: 0
Echo request: 0
Router advert: 0
Router solicit: 0
[RTA]display IP interface g0/0/2.30
GigabitEthernet0/0/2.30 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes
input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
Directed-broadcast packets:
received packets: 0, sent packets: 0
forwarded packets: 0, dropped packets: 0
ARP packet input number: 0
Request packet: 0
Reply packet: 0
Unknown packet: 0
Internet Address is 192.168.30.1/24
Broadcast address : 192.168.30.255
TTL being 1 packet number: 0
TTL invalid packet number: 0
ICMP packet input number: 0
Echo reply: 0
Unreachable: 0
Source quench: 0
Routing redirect: 0
Echo request: 0
Router advert: 0
Router solicit: 0
#查看交换机IP路由表
[RTA]display IP routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.10.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.10.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2.10
192.168.10.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2.10
192.168.10.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2.10
192.168.30.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.30.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2.30
192.168.30.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2.30
192.168.30.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2.30
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0现在的拓扑图，如下图所示
- 交换机连接主机的端口为access链路
- 交换机连接路由器的端口为Trunk链路
不同vlan中的PC再ping一次，发现不同vlan中的主机能够互相通信了
在PC-10-1中ping
PC>ping 192.168.10.12
Ping 192.168.10.12: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=62 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=79 ms
--- 192.168.10.12 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 62/75/79 ms
PC>ping 192.168.30.12
Ping 192.168.30.12: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=109 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=125 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=141 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=125 ms
--- 192.168.30.12 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/125/141 ms
PC>tracert 192.168.30.12
traceroute to 192.168.30.12, 8 hops max
(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.10.1 62 ms 63 ms 78 ms
2 192.168.30.12 125 ms 125 ms 125 ms在PC-30-1中ping
PC>ping 192.168.30.12
Ping 192.168.30.12: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=62 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=63 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=93 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=63 ms
From 192.168.30.12: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=110 ms
--- 192.168.30.12 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 62/78/110 ms
PC>ping 192.168.10.12
Ping 192.168.10.12: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=110 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=125 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=109 ms
From 192.168.10.12: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=125 ms
--- 192.168.10.12 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/117/125 ms
PC>tracert 192.168.10.12
traceroute to 192.168.10.12, 8 hops max
(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.30.1 47 ms 62 ms 63 ms
2 192.168.10.12 109 ms 125 ms 141 ms数据抓包
在PC-10-1中ping PC-30-2,即ping 192.168.30.12 -t,在LSW3的g0/0/2端口抓包
可以看到以太网帧是带标记的，且是不同vlan间的通信
如果你的wireshark没有显示帧标记，可以按照以下步骤添加
编辑---->首选项
添加802.1Q VLAN id
在PC-10-1中ping PC-30-2,即ping 192.168.30.12 -t,在LSW3的g0/0/24端口抓包,结果如下
是相同vlan（vlan10）之间的通信
在PC-10-1中ping PC-30-2,即ping 192.168.30.12 -t,在LSW1的g0/0/9端口抓包,结果如下
可以看到是不带标签的
大家在案例实践中，可以多用一些命令，例如tracert，ping来查看通信状态，也需要多抓包，能看到更加详细的信息！之后有时间会整理一些干货，如有错误，请佬们赐教！！💖💖💖💖
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