Qt 双缓冲机制

所谓双缓冲机制吗，是指在绘制控件时，首先将要绘制的内容绘制在一个图片中，再将图片一次性地绘制到控件中。
案例分析：绘图工具，可以选择线型、线宽及颜色等基本要素。QMainWindow对象作为主窗口，QToolBar对象作为工具栏，QQWidget对象作为主窗口的中央窗体CentralWidget，也是绘图区。

这里需要先创建一个头文件

 

 draw_widget.h
 

#ifndef DRAW_WIDGET_H
#define DRAW_WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QtGui>
#include <QMouseEvent>//鼠标事件
#include <QPaintEvent> // 绘制事件
#include <QResizeEvent> //实时获取窗口操作等大小
#include <QColor>
#include <QPixmap>//显示图像
#include <QPainter>//绘制图形
#include <QPalette>//修改背景颜色
#include <QPen>
#include <QPoint>

class draw_widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit draw_widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *);
    void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *);
    void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *);
    void resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *event);

signals:

public slots:
    void setStyle(int);//设置线风格
    void setWidth(int);// 设置线宽度
    void setColor(QColor);//设备线颜色
    void clearFunc();//清除函数

private:
    QPixmap *pix;
    QPoint startpos;
    QPoint endpos;
    int style,weightss;
    QColor color;
};

#endif // DRAW_WIDGET_H

mainwindows.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QComboBox>
#include <QToolBar>
#include <QSpinBox>
#include "draw_widget.h"
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QToolButton>
#include <QColorDialog>
#include <QToolBar>
#include <QPixmap>//显示图像

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();
    void CreateToolBarFunc();
private:
    draw_widget *drawWidget;
    QLabel *labelstyle;
    QComboBox *comboboxstyle;
    QLabel *labelwidth;
    QSpinBox *spoinboxlabelwidth;

    QToolButton *colorbutton;
    QToolButton *clearbutton;
    QGridLayout *gridlayout;
private slots:
    void dispstyle();
    void dispcolor();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

draw_widget.cpp

#include "draw_widget.h"

draw_widget::draw_widget(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent)
{
    setAutoFillBackground(true);
    setPalette(QPalette(Qt::white));
    pix=new QPixmap(size());
    pix->fill(Qt::white);
    //设置绘制区窗口最小尺寸
    setMinimumSize(600,400);
}
void draw_widget::setStyle(int s)//设置线风格
{
    style=s;
}
void draw_widget::setWidth(int w)// 设置线宽度
{
   weightss=w;

}
void draw_widget::setColor(QColor c)//设备线颜色
{
    color =c;
}
void draw_widget::clearFunc()//清除函数
{
    QPixmap *cPix=new QPixmap(size());
    cPix->fill(Qt::white);
    pix=cPix;
    update();
}

void draw_widget::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent * e)
{
        startpos=e->pos();
}
void draw_widget::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *e)
{
        QPainter *painter=new QPainter;
        QPen pen;
        pen.setStyle((Qt::PenStyle)style);
        pen.setWidth(weightss);
        pen.setColor(color);

        painter->begin(pix);
        painter->setPen(pen);
        painter->drawLine(startpos,e->pos());
        painter->end();

        startpos=e->pos();
        update();

}
void draw_widget::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *)
{
    QPainter Painter(this);
   Painter.drawPixmap(QPoint(0,0),*pix);


}
void draw_widget::resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *event)
{
        if(height()>pix->height()||width()>pix->width())
        {
            QPixmap *newPix=new QPixmap(size());
            newPix->fill (Qt::white);

            QPainter ps(newPix);
            ps.drawPixmap(QPoint(0,0),*pix);
            pix=newPix;
        }
        QWidget::resizeEvent(event);
}

mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
{
    setWindowTitle("图形绘制综合案例分析（双缓冲机制）");
    drawWidget=new draw_widget;
    setCentralWidget(drawWidget);//将刚才创建对象作为主窗口的中心窗口
    CreateToolBarFunc();//调用此函数实现创建工具栏
    setMinimumSize(600,400);
    dispstyle();
    drawWidget->setWidth(spoinboxlabelwidth->value());//初始化线宽度
    drawWidget->setColor(Qt::blue);//初始化线颜色
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
}
void MainWindow::CreateToolBarFunc()
{
    QToolBar *toobar=addToolBar("Tool");
    labelstyle=new QLabel("线型风格：");
    comboboxstyle=new QComboBox;
    comboboxstyle->addItem("SolidLine",static_cast<int>(Qt::SolidLine));//实现
    comboboxstyle->addItem("DotLine",static_cast<int>(Qt::DotLine));//虚线

    connect(comboboxstyle,SIGNAL(activeated(int)),this,SLOT(dispstyle()));
    labelwidth=new QLabel("线型宽度：");
    spoinboxlabelwidth=new QSpinBox;
    connect(spoinboxlabelwidth,SIGNAL(valueChanged(int)),drawWidget,SLOT(setWidth(int)));

    colorbutton=new QToolButton;
    QPixmap pixmap(20,20);
    pixmap.fill(Qt::black);
    colorbutton->setIcon(QIcon(pixmap));
    connect(colorbutton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(dispcolor()));

    clearbutton=new QToolButton;
    clearbutton->setText("清除");
    connect(clearbutton,SIGNAL(clicked()),drawWidget,SLOT(clearFunc()));

    toobar->addWidget(labelstyle);
    toobar->addWidget(comboboxstyle);
    toobar->addWidget(labelwidth);
    toobar->addWidget(spoinboxlabelwidth);
    toobar->addWidget(colorbutton);
    toobar->addWidget(clearbutton);

}
void MainWindow::dispstyle()
{
    drawWidget->setStyle(comboboxstyle->itemData(comboboxstyle->currentIndex(),Qt::UserRole).toInt());
}
void MainWindow::dispcolor()
{
    QColor color=QColorDialog::getColor(static_cast<int>(Qt::black));
    if(color.isValid())
    {
        drawWidget->setColor(color);
        QPixmap ps(20,20);
        ps.fill(color);
    }
}