TensorFlow实现简单的线性回归模型,有助于理解TensorFlow的结构和构造流程
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#随机生成1000个点,围绕在y=0.1x+0.3直线周围
num_points = 1000
vectors_set = []
for i in range(num_points):
x1 = np.random.normal(0.0,0.55)
y1 = x1*0.1+0.3+np.random.normal(0.0,0.03)
vectors_set.append([x1,y1])
#生成一些样本
x_data = [v[0] for v in vectors_set]
y_data = [v[1] for v in vectors_set]
plt.scatter(x_data,y_data,c='r')
plt.show()
#生成一维的W矩阵,取值为[-1,1]之间的随机数
W = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([1],-1.0,1.0),name='W') #在-1和1之间随机选择一个数初始化
#生成一维的b矩阵,初始值为0
b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([1]),name='b')
#经过计算得出预估值y
y = W * x_data + b
#以预估值y和实际值y_data之间的均方误差作为损失
loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y-y_data),name='loss')
#采用梯度下降算法来优化参数
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5)
#训练的过程就是最小化这个误差值
train = optimizer.minimize(loss,name='train')
sess = tf.Session()
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
sess.run(init)
#初始化的W和b是多少
print("W=",sess.run(W),"b=",sess.run(b),"loss=",sess.run(loss))
#执行20次训练
for step in range(20):
sess.run(train)
#输出训练好的W 和b
print("W=",sess.run(W),"b=",sess.run(b),"loss=",sess.run(loss))
#将原图像叠加上去
plt.scatter(x_data,y_data,c='r')
plt.plot(x_data,sess.run(W)*x_data+sess.run(b))
plt.show()
运行结果: