android 2.3 多媒体框架 java API 与 本地 API 映射关系

（1）库层次关系

java：

System.loadLibrary("xxx_jni");

JNI native 实现：

libxxx_jni.so

xxx本地实现：

libxxx.so

（2）API映射过程（以android.media.MediaPlayer java class为例）

java加载libmedia_jni.so native库

//MediaPlayer.java
public class MediaPlayer
{
    ...
    static {
        System.loadLibrary("media_jni");
        native_init();
    }
    ...
}

-----------------------下一步-------------------->

自动调用libmedia_jni.so库中的JNI_OnLoad函数，开始API映射

//android_media_MediaPlayer.cpp
jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved)
{
    JNIEnv* env = NULL;
    jint result = -1;

    if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK) {
        LOGE("ERROR: GetEnv failed\n");
        goto bail;
    }
    assert(env != NULL);

    if (register_android_media_MediaPlayer(env) < 0) {//注册MediaPlayer映射关系
        LOGE("ERROR: MediaPlayer native registration failed\n");
        goto bail;
    }

    if (register_android_media_MediaRecorder(env) < 0) {
        LOGE("ERROR: MediaRecorder native registration failed\n");
        goto bail;
    }

    if (register_android_media_MediaScanner(env) < 0) {
        LOGE("ERROR: MediaScanner native registration failed\n");
        goto bail;
    }

    if (register_android_media_MediaMetadataRetriever(env) < 0) {
        LOGE("ERROR: MediaMetadataRetriever native registration failed\n");
        goto bail;
    }

    if (register_android_media_AmrInputStream(env) < 0) {
        LOGE("ERROR: AmrInputStream native registration failed\n");
        goto bail;
    }

    if (register_android_media_ResampleInputStream(env) < 0) {
        LOGE("ERROR: ResampleInputStream native registration failed\n");
        goto bail;
    }

    if (register_android_media_MediaProfiles(env) < 0) {
        LOGE("ERROR: MediaProfiles native registration failed");
        goto bail;
    }

    /* success -- return valid version number */
    result = JNI_VERSION_1_4;

bail:
    return result;
}

-----------------------下一步-------------------->

调用注册函数AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods

// This function only registers the native methods
static int register_android_media_MediaPlayer(JNIEnv *env)
{
    return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,
                "android/media/MediaPlayer", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));//"android/media/MediaPlayer"为java class所在包的路径，gMethods为真正的API映射关系}

registerNativeMethods的参数gMethods为JNINativeMethod 结构体，它的3个成员依次为：

被映射java class的函数名、函数形参类型和返回值类型等信息、映射JNI层native函数指针：

static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
    {"setDataSource",       "(Ljava/lang/String;)V",            (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSource},
    {"setDataSource",       "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/util/Map;)V",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSourceAndHeaders},
    {"setDataSource",       "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;JJ)V",    (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSourceFD},
    {"_setVideoSurface",    "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setVideoSurface},
    {"prepare",             "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_prepare},
    {"prepareAsync",        "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_prepareAsync},
    {"_start",              "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_start},
    {"_stop",               "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_stop},
    {"getVideoWidth",       "()I",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getVideoWidth},
    {"getVideoHeight",      "()I",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getVideoHeight},
    {"seekTo",              "(I)V",                             (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_seekTo},
    {"_pause",              "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_pause},
    {"isPlaying",           "()Z",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_isPlaying},
    {"getCurrentPosition",  "()I",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getCurrentPosition},
    {"getDuration",         "()I",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getDuration},
    {"_release",            "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_release},
    {"_reset",              "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_reset},
    {"setAudioStreamType",  "(I)V",                             (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setAudioStreamType},
    {"setLooping",          "(Z)V",                             (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setLooping},
    {"isLooping",           "()Z",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_isLooping},
    {"setVolume",           "(FF)V",                            (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setVolume},
    {"getFrameAt",          "(I)Landroid/graphics/Bitmap;",     (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getFrameAt},
    {"native_invoke",       "(Landroid/os/Parcel;Landroid/os/Parcel;)I",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_invoke},
    {"native_setMetadataFilter", "(Landroid/os/Parcel;)I",      (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setMetadataFilter},
    {"native_getMetadata", "(ZZLandroid/os/Parcel;)Z",          (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getMetadata},
    {"native_init",         "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_init},
    {"native_setup",        "(Ljava/lang/Object;)V",            (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_setup},
    {"native_finalize",     "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_finalize},
    {"native_suspend_resume", "(Z)I",                           (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_suspend_resume},
    {"getAudioSessionId",   "()I",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_get_audio_session_id},
    {"setAudioSessionId",   "(I)V",                             (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_set_audio_session_id},
    {"setAuxEffectSendLevel", "(F)V",                           (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setAuxEffectSendLevel},
    {"attachAuxEffect",     "(I)V",                             (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_attachAuxEffect},
};

（3）命名规律

java函数映射到JNI后，JNI函数名一般为“包名_类名_函数名”，如MediaPlayer java类位于android.media这个包中，

则其JNI映射函数为android_media_MediaPlayer_函数名

此外，其JNI实现所在文件的的文件名一般为“包名_类名.cpp”，如android_media_MediaPlayer.cpp