Go的标准库中Windows下的网络是使用了IOCP的,参见go源码go/src/runtime/netpoll_windows.go
,标准库为了与Epoll、kqueue等不同平台的IO模式使用统一的API,进行了封装。
如果想直接使用Windows的IOCP API编程,比如想按照:Windows下的高效网络模型IOCP完整示例中的流程写,就需要自行封装IOCP相关的API,虽然标准库中封装了很多系统调用,但是不是很全,而且API的函数签名也有一些问题,比如:
// Deprecated: CreateIoCompletionPort has the wrong function signature. Use x/sys/windows.CreateIoCompletionPort.
func CreateIoCompletionPort(filehandle Handle, cphandle Handle, key uint32, threadcnt uint32) (Handle, error) {
return createIoCompletionPort(filehandle, cphandle, uintptr(key), threadcnt)
}
// Deprecated: GetQueuedCompletionStatus has the wrong function signature. Use x/sys/windows.GetQueuedCompletionStatus.
func GetQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty *uint32, key *uint32, overlapped **Overlapped, timeout uint32) error {
var ukey uintptr
var pukey *uintptr
if key != nil {
ukey = uintptr(*key)
pukey = &ukey
}
err := getQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle, qty, pukey, overlapped, timeout)
if key != nil {
*key = uint32(ukey)
if uintptr(*key) != ukey && err == nil {
err = errorspkg.New("GetQueuedCompletionStatus returned key overflow")
}
}
return err
}
// Deprecated: PostQueuedCompletionStatus has the wrong function signature. Use x/sys/windows.PostQueuedCompletionStatus.
func PostQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty uint32, key uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
return postQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle, qty, uintptr(key), overlapped)
}
看了一下,其实内部调用的函数签名是没问题的,可以使用Go的魔法指令go:linkname
来解决:
//go:linkname CreateIoCompletionPort syscall.createIoCompletionPort
func CreateIoCompletionPort(fileHandle syscall.Handle, cpHandle syscall.Handle, key uintptr, threadCnt uint32) (handle syscall.Handle, err error)
//go:linkname GetQueuedCompletionStatus syscall.getQueuedCompletionStatus
func GetQueuedCompletionStatus(cpHandle syscall.Handle, qty *uint32, key *uintptr, overlapped **syscall.Overlapped, timeout uint32) (err error)
//go:linkname PostQueuedCompletionStatus syscall.postQueuedCompletionStatus
func PostQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle syscall.Handle, qty uint32, key uintptr, overlapped *syscall.Overlapped) (err error)
另外还需要使用到一些API,比如WSACreateEvent
、WSAWaitForMultipleEvents
、WSAResetEvent
、WSAGetOverlappedResult
,就需要自行从Ws2_32.dll
中装载了:
var (
modws2_32 = syscall.NewLazyDLL("Ws2_32.dll")
procWSACreateEvent = modws2_32.NewProc("WSACreateEvent")
procWSAWaitForMultipleEvents = modws2_32.NewProc("WSAWaitForMultipleEvents")
procWSAResetEvent = modws2_32.NewProc("WSAResetEvent")
procWSAGetOverlappedResult = modws2_32.NewProc("WSAGetOverlappedResult")
)
func WSACreateEvent() (Handle syscall.Handle, err error) {
r1, _, e1 := syscall.SyscallN(procWSACreateEvent.Addr())
if r1 == 0 {
err = errnoErr(e1)
}
return syscall.Handle(r1), nil
}
func WSAWaitForMultipleEvents(cEvents uint32, lpEvent *syscall.Handle, fWaitAll bool, dwTimeout uint32, fAlertable bool) (uint32, error) {
var WaitAll, Alertable uint32
if fWaitAll {
WaitAll = 1
}
if fAlertable {
Alertable = 1
}
r1, _, e1 := syscall.SyscallN(procWSAWaitForMultipleEvents.Addr(), uintptr(cEvents), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(lpEvent)), uintptr(WaitAll), uintptr(dwTimeout), uintptr(Alertable))
if r1 == syscall.WAIT_FAILED {
return 0, errnoErr(e1)
}
return uint32(r1), nil
}
func WSAResetEvent(handle syscall.Handle) (err error) {
r1, _, e1 := syscall.SyscallN(procWSAResetEvent.Addr(), uintptr(handle))
if r1 == 0 {
err = errnoErr(e1)
}
return
}
func WSAGetOverlappedResult(socket syscall.Handle, overlapped *syscall.Overlapped, transferBytes *uint32, bWait bool, flag *uint32) (err error) {
var wait uint32
if bWait {
wait = 1
}
r1, _, e1 := syscall.SyscallN(procWSAGetOverlappedResult.Addr(), uintptr(socket), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)),
uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(transferBytes)), uintptr(wait), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(flag)))
if r1 == 0 {
err = errnoErr(e1)
}
return
}
笔者尝试了下,完全可以,
直接附上源码:
package main
import (
"errors"
"fmt"
"os"
"runtime"
"syscall"
"unsafe"
_ "unsafe"
)
//go:linkname CreateIoCompletionPort syscall.createIoCompletionPort
func CreateIoCompletionPort(fileHandle syscall.Handle, cpHandle syscall.Handle, key uintptr, threadCnt uint32) (handle syscall.Handle, err error)
//go:linkname GetQueuedCompletionStatus syscall.getQueuedCompletionStatus
func GetQueuedCompletionStatus(cpHandle syscall.Handle, qty *uint32, key *uintptr, overlapped **syscall.Overlapped, timeout uint32) (err error)
//go:linkname PostQueuedCompletionStatus syscall.postQueuedCompletionStatus
func PostQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle syscall.Handle, qty uint32, key uintptr, overlapped *syscall.Overlapped) (err error)
//go:linkname errnoErr syscall.errnoErr
func errnoErr(e syscall.Errno) error
var (
modws2_32 = syscall.NewLazyDLL("Ws2_32.dll")
procWSACreateEvent = modws2_32.NewProc("WSACreateEvent")
procWSACloseEvent = modws2_32.NewProc("WSACloseEvent")
procWSAWaitForMultipleEvents = modws2_32.NewProc("WSAWaitForMultipleEvents")
procWSAResetEvent = modws2_32.NewProc("WSAResetEvent")
procWSAGetOverlappedResult = modws2_32.NewProc("WSAGetOverlappedResult")
)
func WSACreateEvent() (handle syscall.Handle, err error) {
r1, _, e1 := syscall.SyscallN(procWSACreateEvent.Addr())
if r1 == 0 {
err = errnoErr(e1)
}
return syscall.Handle(r1), err
}
func WSACloseEvent(handle syscall.Handle) (err error) {
r1, _, e1 := syscall.SyscallN(procWSACloseEvent.Addr(), uintptr(handle))
if r1 == 0 {
err = errnoErr(e1)
}
return err
}
func WSAResetEvent(handle syscall.Handle) (err error) {
r1, _, e1 := syscall.SyscallN(procWSAResetEvent.Addr(), uintptr(handle))
if r1 == 0 {
err = errnoErr(e1)
}
return
}
func WSAWaitForMultipleEvents(cEvents uint32, lpEvent *syscall.Handle, fWaitAll bool, dwTimeout uint32, fAlertable bool) (uint32, error) {
var WaitAll, Alertable uint32
if fWaitAll {
WaitAll = 1
}
if fAlertable {
Alertable = 1
}
r1, _, e1 := syscall.SyscallN(procWSAWaitForMultipleEvents.Addr(), uintptr(cEvents), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(lpEvent)), uintptr(WaitAll), uintptr(dwTimeout), uintptr(Alertable))
if r1 == syscall.WAIT_FAILED {
return 0, errnoErr(e1)
}
return uint32(r1), nil
}
func WSAGetOverlappedResult(socket syscall.Handle, overlapped *syscall.Overlapped, transferBytes *uint32, bWait bool, flag *uint32) (err error) {
var wait uint32
if bWait {
wait = 1
}
r1, _, e1 := syscall.SyscallN(procWSAGetOverlappedResult.Addr(), uintptr(socket), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)),
uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(transferBytes)), uintptr(wait), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(flag)))
if r1 == 0 {
err = errnoErr(e1)
}
return
}
func SetNonBlock(fd syscall.Handle) error {
flag := uint32(1)
size := uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(flag))
ret := uint32(0)
ol := syscall.Overlapped{}
err := syscall.WSAIoctl(fd, 0x8004667e, (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&flag)), size, nil, 0, &ret, &ol, 0)
if err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
type IOData struct {
Overlapped syscall.Overlapped
WsaBuf syscall.WSABuf
NBytes uint32
isRead bool
cliSock syscall.Handle
}
func closeIO(data *IOData) {
if data.Overlapped.HEvent != syscall.Handle(0) {
WSACloseEvent(data.Overlapped.HEvent)
data.Overlapped.HEvent = syscall.Handle(0)
}
syscall.Closesocket(data.cliSock)
}
func main() {
listenFd, err := syscall.Socket(syscall.AF_INET, syscall.SOCK_STREAM, syscall.IPPROTO_TCP)
if err != nil {
return
}
defer func() {
syscall.Closesocket(listenFd)
syscall.WSACleanup()
}()
v4 := &syscall.SockaddrInet4{
Port: 6000,
Addr: [4]byte{},
}
err = syscall.Bind(listenFd, v4)
if err != nil {
return
}
err = syscall.Listen(listenFd, 0)
if err != nil {
return
}
hIOCP, err := CreateIoCompletionPort(syscall.InvalidHandle, 0, 0, 0)
if err != nil {
return
}
count := runtime.NumCPU()
for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
go workThread(hIOCP)
}
defer func() {
for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
PostQueuedCompletionStatus(hIOCP, 0, 0, nil)
}
}()
for {
acceptFd, er := syscall.Socket(syscall.AF_INET, syscall.SOCK_STREAM, syscall.IPPROTO_TCP)
if er != nil {
break
}
b := make([]byte, 1024)
recvD := uint32(0)
data := &IOData{
Overlapped: syscall.Overlapped{},
WsaBuf: syscall.WSABuf{
Len: 1024,
Buf: &b[0],
},
NBytes: 1024,
isRead: true,
cliSock: acceptFd,
}
data.Overlapped.HEvent, er = WSACreateEvent()
if er != nil {
fmt.Printf("WSACreateEvent failed:%s", er)
closeIO(data)
break
}
size := uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(&syscall.SockaddrInet4{}) + 16)
er = syscall.AcceptEx(listenFd, acceptFd, data.WsaBuf.Buf, data.WsaBuf.Len-size*2, size, size, &recvD, &data.Overlapped)
if er != nil && !errors.Is(er, syscall.ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
er = os.NewSyscallError("AcceptEx", er)
fmt.Printf("AcceptEx Error:%s", er)
closeIO(data)
break
}
_, er = WSAWaitForMultipleEvents(1, &data.Overlapped.HEvent, true, 100, false)
if er != nil {
fmt.Printf("WSAWaitForMultipleEvents Error:%s", er)
closeIO(data)
break
}
WSAResetEvent(data.Overlapped.HEvent)
flag := uint32(0)
er = WSAGetOverlappedResult(acceptFd, &data.Overlapped, &data.NBytes, true, &flag)
if er != nil {
fmt.Printf("WSAGetOverlappedResult Error:%s", er)
closeIO(data)
break
}
if data.NBytes == 0 {
closeIO(data)
continue
}
fmt.Printf("client %d connected\n", acceptFd)
_, err = CreateIoCompletionPort(acceptFd, hIOCP, 0, 0)
if err != nil {
fmt.Printf("CreateIoCompletionPort Error:%s", er)
closeIO(data)
break
}
postWrite(data)
}
}
func postWrite(data *IOData) (err error) {
data.isRead = false
// 这里输出一下data指针,让运行时不把data给GC掉,否则就会出问题
fmt.Printf("%p cli:%d send %s\n", data, data.cliSock, unsafe.String(data.WsaBuf.Buf, data.NBytes))
err = syscall.WSASend(data.cliSock, &data.WsaBuf, 1, &data.NBytes, 0, &data.Overlapped, nil)
if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, syscall.ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
fmt.Printf("cli:%d send failed: %s\n", data.cliSock, err)
closeIO(data)
return err
}
return
}
func postRead(data *IOData) (err error) {
data.NBytes = data.WsaBuf.Len
data.isRead = true
flag := uint32(0)
err = syscall.WSARecv(data.cliSock, &data.WsaBuf, 1, &data.NBytes, &flag, &data.Overlapped, nil)
if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, syscall.ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
fmt.Printf("cli:%d receive failed: %s\n", data.cliSock, err)
closeIO(data)
return err
}
return
}
func workThread(hIOCP syscall.Handle) {
var pOverlapped *syscall.Overlapped
var ioSize uint32
var key uintptr
for {
err := GetQueuedCompletionStatus(hIOCP, &ioSize, &key, &pOverlapped, syscall.INFINITE)
if err != nil {
fmt.Printf("GetQueuedCompletionStatus failed: %s\n", err)
return
}
ioData := (*IOData)(unsafe.Pointer(pOverlapped))
if ioSize == 0 {
closeIO(ioData)
break
}
ioData.NBytes = ioSize
if ioData.isRead {
postWrite(ioData)
} else {
postRead(ioData)
}
}
}
源码只是一个示例,可能有不完善的地方,感兴趣的读者可以自行完善。