最近项目中用到FLASH作为数据存储,研究了下以SPI方式读写FLASH的基本方法与流程。
应用环境如下: 控制器 STM32F103
FLASH M25P64
读写方式 SPI
编程环境 MDK
以SPI方式读写FLASH的基本流程如下:
(1)设置SPI的工作模式。
(2)flash初始化。
(3)SPI写一个字节、写使能函数、写数据函数,读数据函数等编写。
(4)主函数编写。
一 设置SPI工作模式。
- 宏定义
#define WRSR 0x01 /* Write Status Register instruction */#define WREN 0x06 /* Write enable instruction */#define WRDI 0x04 /* Write disable instruction */#define READ 0x03 /* Read from Memory instruction */#define RDSR 0x05 /* Read Status Register instruction */#define RDID 0x9F /* Read identification */#define FAST_READ 0x0B /* Fast read Status Register instruction */#define SE 0xD8 /* Sector Erase instruction */#define BE 0xC7 /* Bulk Erase instruction */#define PP 0x02 /* Page prigrame instruction */#define RES 0xAB /* Sector Erase instruction */
#define WIP_FLAG 0x01 /* Write In Progress (WIP) flag */#define DUMMY_BYTE 0xA5
#define SIZE sizeof(TEXT_Buffer)
#define SPI_FLASH_PAGESIZE 0x100
#define FLASH_WriteAddress 0x000000
#define FLASH_ReadAddress FLASH_WriteAddress
#define FLASH_SectorToErase FLASH_WriteAddress
#define M25P64_FLASH_ID 0x202017
#define countof(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(*(a)))
#define BufferSize (countof(Tx_Buffer)-1)
- SPI初始化
void Init_SPI1(void)
{
SPI_InitTypeDef SPI_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
/* Enable SPI and GPIO clocks */
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1 | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA , ENABLE);
/* Configure SPI pins: SCK, MISO and MOSI */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_5 | GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* Configure I/O for Flash Chip select */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_4;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* Deselect the FLASH: Chip Select high */
SPI_FLASH_CS_HIGH();
/* SPI configuration */
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Direction = SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex; //双工模式
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Mode = SPI_Mode_Master; //SPI主模式
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_DataSize = SPI_DataSize_8b; //8bit数据
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPOL = SPI_CPOL_High; //CLK空闲时为高电平
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPHA = SPI_CPHA_2Edge; //CLK上升沿采样,因为上升沿是第二个边沿动作,所以也可以理解为第二个边沿采样
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_NSS = SPI_NSS_Soft; //片选用软件控制
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_4; //SPI频率:72M/4 = 18M
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_FirstBit = SPI_FirstBit_MSB; //高位在前
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CRCPolynomial = 7; //crc7,stm32spi带硬件ecc
SPI_Init(SPI1, &SPI_InitStructure);
/* Enable the SPI */
SPI_Cmd(SPI1, ENABLE);
SPI_FLASH_SendByte(0xFF); // 启动传输
}
二 FLASH初始化
void Init_FLASH(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
/* Enable GPIO clocks */
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA , ENABLE);
/* PA0--SPI_FLASH_HOLD */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* PC4-- SPI_FLASH_WP */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_4;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_0);
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOC,GPIO_Pin_4);
Init_SPI1();
}
三 函数编写
/* 通过SPIx发送一个数据,同时接收一个数据*/
u8 SPI_FLASH_SendByte(u8 byte)
{
/* Loop while DR register in not emplty */
while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(SPI1, SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);//如果发送寄存器数据没有发送完,循环等待
/* Send byte through the SPI1 peripheral */
SPI_I2S_SendData(SPI1, byte); //往发送寄存器写入要发送的数据
/* Wait to receive a byte */
while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(SPI1, SPI_I2S_FLAG_RXNE) == RESET);//如果接收寄存器没有收到数据,循环
/* Return the byte read from the SPI bus */
return SPI_I2S_ReceiveData(SPI1);
}
/* brief Enables the write access to the FLASH. */
void SPI_FLASH_WriteEnable(void)
{
/* Select the FLASH: Chip Select low */
SPI_FLASH_CS_LOW();