HCIP第六次实验（BGP联邦实验）

1，AS1存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.1.0/24该地址不能在任何协议中宣告
      AS3中存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168,2.0/24该地址不能在任何协议中宣告，最终要求这两个环回可以互相通讯
        AS1的另一个环回为10.0.0.0/24,AS3的另一个环回为11.0.0.0/24
2,整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16，请合理划分
3,AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制
4,使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问
5,减少路由条自数量,避免环路出现
 

网络结构图 

 网段划分图

 IP配置

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys r1
[r1]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip ad 192.168.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip ad 10.0.0.1 24
[r1-LoopBack1]int g 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 12.0.0.1 24
Jul 26 2022 10:43:23-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

[r2]int g 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 12.0.0.2 24
Jul 26 2022 10:47:52-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.2.1 24
[r2-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.1 29
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Jul 26 2022 10:48:54-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 172.16.1.9 29
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Jul 26 2022 10:49:28-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[4]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state. 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]

[Huawei]sys r3
[r3]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.3.1 24
[r3-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.2 29
Jul 26 2022 10:50:51-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.17 29
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Jul 26 2022 10:51:08-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

[Huawei]sys r4
[r4]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.4.1 24
[r4-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.18 29
Jul 26 2022 10:52:12-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.25 29
Jul 26 2022 10:52:36-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

[Huawei]sys r5
[r5]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.5.1 24
[r5-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.10 29
Jul 26 2022 10:53:30-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.33 29
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Jul 26 2022 10:54:00-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

[Huawei]sys r6
[r6]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.6.1 24
[r6-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.34 29
Jul 26 2022 10:55:19-08:00 r6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.41 29
Jul 26 2022 10:55:33-08:00 r6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

[Huawei]sys r7
[r7]int lo0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.7.1 24
[r7-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.42 29
Jul 26 2022 10:56:51-08:00 r7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.26 29
Jul 26 2022 10:57:19-08:00 r7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 78.0.0.1 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Jul 26 2022 10:57:34-08:00 r7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state. 
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]

[Huawei]sys r8
[r8]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip ad 192.168.2.1 24
[r8-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r8-LoopBack1]ip ad 11.0.0.1 24
[r8-LoopBack1]int g 0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 78.0.0.2 24
Jul 26 2022 10:59:03-08:00 r8 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

OSPF配置

在AS2中启用OSPF协议

[r2]ospf 1 rou	
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

[r3]ospf 1 rou	
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

[r4]ospf 1 rou	
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]a 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r5]ospf 1 rou	
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r6]ospf 1 rou	
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

[r7]ospf 1 rou	
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net	
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

BGP

对所有设备启用BGP协议，并进行对等体建立

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]rout	
[r1-bgp]router-	
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 12.0.0.2 as	
[r1-bgp]peer 12.0.0.2 as-number 2


[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]
[r2-bgp]rou	
[r2-bgp]router	
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2

 告诉AS64512位于AS2中

[r2-bgp]confederation  id 2

建立联邦，需要知道对端的AS号

[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 12.0.0.1 as-	
[r2-bgp]peer 12.0.0.1 as-number 

使用还回接口建邻

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-number 64512

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface lo0

建立联邦的EBGP对等体关系

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-number 64513

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface lo0
[r2-bgp]

将TTL值改大才能正常建邻

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 ebgp-max-hop //修改到255

[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]router	
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-bgp]conf	
[r3-bgp]confederation id 2
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-num	
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 conn	
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface lo0


[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as-number 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 conn	
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface lo0
[r3-bgp]

[r4]bgp 64512
[r4-bgp]rou	
[r4-bgp]router	
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]conf	
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]con	
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-number 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-	
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface lo0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as-number 64513
 
Jul 26 2022 11:31:13-08:00 r4 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
 peer 172.16.3.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, 
StateChangeReason=Up)  
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 con	
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface lo0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 ebgp-max-hop
[r4-bgp]


[r5]bgp 64513
[r5-bgp]router	
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]confe	
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]con	
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface lo0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 ebgp-max-hop
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as-number 64513
[r5-bgp]
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 con	
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface lo0
[r5-bgp]
Jul 26 2022 11:36:22-08:00 r5 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
 peer 172.16.2.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, 
StateChangeReason=Up)  
[r5-bgp]

[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]
[r6-bgp]router	
[r6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-bgp]conf	
[r6-bgp]confederation id 2
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-	

[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 con	
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface lo0
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as 64513
[r6-bgp]
Jul 26 2022 11:38:57-08:00 r6 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
 peer 172.16.5.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, 
StateChangeReason=Up)  
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 con	
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface lo0
[r6-bgp]

[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]router	
[r7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-bgp]conf	
[r7-bgp]confederation id  2
[r7-bgp]conf	
[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 con	
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface lo0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 con	
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface lo0
[r7-bgp]peer 
Jul 26 2022 11:42:20-08:00 r7 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
 peer 172.16.6.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, 
StateChangeReason=Up)  
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 con	
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 ebgp-max-hop 
[r7-bgp]peer 78.0.0.2 as 3
[r7-bgp]

[r8]bgp 3 
[r8-bgp]router	
[r8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-bgp]peer 78.0.0.1 as 2
[r8-bgp]

 发布路由

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]network 10.0.0.0 24

收到信息不可用，是由于AS_BY_AS规则导致，R2发出的下一跳未变，需将下一跳改为local

[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 next	
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 next-hop-local

由于 水平分割，R4和R、收不到，因此需要指定R2为R3的客户，配置路由反射器

[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 re	
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 reflect-client 

指定R7为R6的客户

[r6] bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 re	
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 reflect-client


[r7] bgp 64513

[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 next-hop-local
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 next-hop-local
[r7-bgp]

[r8] bgp 3
[r8-bgp]network 11.0.0.0 24

还回互通

[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]net	
[r2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

避免往黑洞发送的数据表在AS2内部传递浪费资源

[r7]ip route-s	
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21
[r7-bgp]

R1和R8还回可通，做GRE隧道

[r1] int t 0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 99.0.0.1 24
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunn	
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.0.0.1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]des	
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]description 11.0.0.1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]


[r8]int t 0/0/0
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 99.0.0.2 24
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]tun	
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 11.0.0.1
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]dest	
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 10.0.0.1

 告诉怎么互相去对方网段，加路由

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 99.0.0.2

[r8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 99.0.0.1