通过修改软链接升高 gcc 版本、降低 gcc 版本

1. 查看 gcc 版本

wohu@ubuntu16:/etc/apt$ gcc --version
gcc (Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04) 7.5.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

wohu@ubuntu16:/etc/apt$ cmake --version
cmake version 3.10.2

CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).

2. 查看默认软链接

可以看到 gcc 默认是链接到 gcc7 的。

wohu@ubuntu16:~$ ll /usr/bin/gcc*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      5 5月  21  2019 /usr/bin/gcc -> gcc-7*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 915704 4月  14  2016 /usr/bin/gcc-5*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     22 12月  4  2019 /usr/bin/gcc-7 -> x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-7*
...

3. 删除默认软链接

wohu@ubuntu16:~$ cd /usr/bin/
wohu@ubuntu16:/usr/bin$ sudo rm gcc
wohu@ubuntu16:/usr/bin$ ll /usr/bin/gcc*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 915704 4月  14  2016 /usr/bin/gcc-5*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     22 12月  4  2019 /usr/bin/gcc-7 -> x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-7*

4. 修改软链接

让 gcc 默认链接到 gcc-5 版本。

wohu@ubuntu16:/usr/bin$ sudo ln -s gcc-5 gcc
wohu@ubuntu16:/usr/bin$ ll /usr/bin/gcc*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      5 7月  15 10:58 /usr/bin/gcc -> gcc-5*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 915704 4月  14  2016 /usr/bin/gcc-5*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     22 12月  4  2019 /usr/bin/gcc-7 -> x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-7*
wohu@ubuntu16:/usr/bin$ 

5. 再次查看 gcc 版本

wohu@ubuntu16:/usr/bin$ gcc --version
gcc (Ubuntu 5.3.1-14ubuntu2) 5.3.1 20160413
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

wohu@ubuntu16:/usr/bin$