C++ win环境修改文件创建时间、最后的修改时间和最后的访问时间

引言

应用做文件处理后，输出文件时间为当前的系统时间，但往往我们需要被创建的文件具有指定的创建日期、最后的修改日期和最后的访问日期。这里就使用win系统函数SetFileTime设置文件时间信息做完整实例分析。

SetFileTime函数说明

MSDN中对于函数接口有完整介绍，这里需要向函数传递文件句柄、创建时间、最后访问时间和最后修改时间。

BOOL WINAPI SetFileTime(
  _In_           HANDLE   hFile,
  _In_opt_ const FILETIME *lpCreationTime,
  _In_opt_ const FILETIME *lpLastAccessTime,
  _In_opt_ const FILETIME *lpLastWriteTime
);

• 获得文件句柄
  提示：这里并不是创建文件，而是获得已创建的文件句柄。

    //getthe handle to the file
    HANDLE filename = CreateFile("C:\\Users\\Lily\\Desktop\\varuntest.txt", FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);

• 系统时间对象，设置时间

    SYSTEMTIME createTime;
    GetSystemTime(&createTime);
    createTime.wDay = 3;            //changes the day
    createTime.wMonth = 01;         //changes the month
    createTime.wYear = 1921;        //changes the year
    createTime.wHour = 1;           //changes the hour
    createTime.wMinute = 1;         //changes the minute
    createTime.wSecond = 7;         //changes the second

• 文件时间对象，将时间对象赋值给文件时间

    FILETIME createFiletime;
    SystemTimeToFileTime(&createTime, &createFiletime);

• 设置文件时间

    //set the filetime on the file
    SetFileTime(filename, &createFiletime, &lastAccessFileTime, &lastWriteFiletime);

• 关闭文件句柄

    CloseHandle(filename);

完整代码

#include <windows.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    std::cout << "A new project." << endl;

    //creates a fie as varuntest.txt
    ofstream file("C:\\Users\\Lily\\Desktop\\varuntest.txt", ios::app);

    SYSTEMTIME createTime;
    GetSystemTime(&createTime);
    createTime.wDay = 3;            //changes the day
    createTime.wMonth = 01;         //changes the month
    createTime.wYear = 1921;        //changes the year
    createTime.wHour = 1;           //changes the hour
    createTime.wMinute = 1;         //changes the minute
    createTime.wSecond = 7;         //changes the second

    SYSTEMTIME lastWriteTime;
    GetSystemTime(&lastWriteTime);
    lastWriteTime.wDay = 07;        //changes the day
    lastWriteTime.wMonth = 04;      //changes the month
    lastWriteTime.wYear = 2012;     //changes the year
    lastWriteTime.wHour = 9;        //changes the hour
    lastWriteTime.wMinute = 37;     //changes the minute
    lastWriteTime.wSecond = 23;     //changes the second

    SYSTEMTIME lastAccessTime;
    GetSystemTime(&lastAccessTime);
    lastAccessTime.wDay = 20;       //changes the day
    lastAccessTime.wMonth = 07;     //changes the month
    lastAccessTime.wYear = 2017;    //changes the year
    lastAccessTime.wHour = 15;      //changes the hour
    lastAccessTime.wMinute = 31;    //changes the minute
    lastAccessTime.wSecond = 8;     //changes the second

    //creation of a filetimestruct and convert our new systemtime
    FILETIME lastWriteFiletime;
    SystemTimeToFileTime(&lastWriteTime, &lastWriteFiletime);

    FILETIME createFiletime;
    SystemTimeToFileTime(&createTime, &createFiletime);

    FILETIME lastAccessFileTime;
    SystemTimeToFileTime(&lastAccessTime, &lastAccessFileTime);

    //getthe handle to the file
    HANDLE filename = CreateFile("C:\\Users\\Lily\\Desktop\\varuntest.txt", FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);

    //set the filetime on the file
    SetFileTime(filename, &createFiletime, &lastAccessFileTime, &lastWriteFiletime);

    //close our handle.
    CloseHandle(filename);

    return 0;
}

示例代码创建的文件

将文件路径修改为指向已经存在的文件，得到的文件时间参数（其中人为访问过一次）

上述代码编译会提示错误

e:\shizhenwei\vs2013projects\testsetfiletime\testsetfiletime\main.cpp(50): error C2664: “HANDLE CreateFileW(LPCWSTR,DWORD,DWORD,LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,DWORD,DWORD,HANDLE)”: 无法将参数 1 从“const char [36]”转换为“LPCWSTR”
1>          与指向的类型无关；转换要求 reinterpret_cast、C 样式转换或函数样式转换

解决方法：
选中项目，右键属性——>配置属性——>常规——>项目默认值——>字符集，选为“使用多字节字符集”。

总结

在win下开发，上述代码可直接使用。
参考

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724933(VS.85).aspx
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10041651/changing-the-file-creation-date-in-c-using-windows-h-in-windows-7
http://blog.csdn.net/chw1989/article/details/7482205