- Javascript框架
- Ajax交互
- 封装了js代码
不使用JQuery写
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>自定义js框架</title>
<script src="js/itcast.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">div1....</div>
<div id="div2">div2....</div>
<script>
//1. 根据id获取元素对象
//var div1 = document.getElementById("div1");
//var div2 = document.getElementById("div2");
var div1 = $("div1");
var div2 = $("div2");
//2.获取标签体内容
alert(div1.innerHTML);
alert(div2.innerHTML);
</script>
</body>
</html>
使用JQuery
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>JQuery快速入门</title>
<script src="js/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">div1....</div>
<div id="div2">div2....</div>
<script>
//使用JQuery获取元素对象
var div1 = $("#div1");
alert(div1.html());
var div2 = $("#div2");
alert(div2.html());
</script>
</body>
</html>
AJAX
- 同步，必须等待服务器的响应
- 异步，客户端与服务器可以同时操作
- 局部更新网页
Js原生写法
JQeury实现方式 - $.ajax()
- $.get()
- $.post()
客户端的代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script>
//定义方法
function fun() {
//发送异步请求
//1.创建核心对象
var xmlhttp;
if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
{// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
}
else
{// code for IE6, IE5
xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
//2. 建立连接
/*
参数：
1. 请求方式：GET、POST
* get方式，请求参数在URL后边拼接。send方法为空参
* post方式，请求参数在send方法中定义
2. 请求的URL：
3. 同步或异步请求：true（异步）或 false（同步）
*/
xmlhttp.open("GET","ajaxServlet?username=tom",true);
//3.发送请求
xmlhttp.send();
//4.接受并处理来自服务器的响应结果
//获取方式 ：xmlhttp.responseText
//什么时候获取？当服务器响应成功后再获取
//当xmlhttp对象的就绪状态改变时，触发事件onreadystatechange。
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()
{
//判断readyState就绪状态是否为4，判断status响应状态码是否为200
if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200)
{
//获取服务器的响应结果
var responseText = xmlhttp.responseText;
alert(responseText);
}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="发送异步请求" onclick="fun();">
<input>
</body>
服务器的代码
@WebServlet("/ajaxServlet")
public class AjaxServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.获取请求参数
String username = request.getParameter("username");
/* //处理业务逻辑。耗时
try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}*/
//2.打印username
System.out.println(username);
//3.响应
response.getWriter().write("hello : " + username);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}
JQuery的方式
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="js/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script>
<script>
//定义方法
function fun() {
//使用$.ajax()发送异步请求
$.ajax({
url:"ajaxServlet1111" , // 请求路径
type:"POST" , //请求方式
//data: "username=jack&age=23",//请求参数
data:{"username":"jack","age":23},
success:function (data) {
alert(data);
},//响应成功后的回调函数
error:function () {
alert("出错啦...")
},//表示如果请求响应出现错误，会执行的回调函数
dataType:"text"//设置接受到的响应数据的格式
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="发送异步请求" onclick="fun();">
<input>
</body>
Json
- 是存储和交换文本信息的语法
- 键值对构成key：value
Java中的写法
Person p = new Person();
p.setName("张三");
p.setAge(23);
p.setGender("男");
json格式的写法
var person = {"name": "张三", age: 23, 'gender': true};
Json数据和Java对象的相互转换
- Json解析器，Jsonlib，Gson，jackson
Person类
public class Person {
private String name;
private int age ;
private String gender;
//@JsonIgnore // 忽略该属性
@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
private Date birthday;
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
将Java类的数据转换变为Json格式的
public class JacksonTest {
//Java对象转为JSON字符串
@Test
public void test1() throws Exception {
//1.创建Person对象
Person p = new Person();
p.setName("张三");
p.setAge(23);
p.setGender("男");
//2.创建Jackson的核心对象 ObjectMapper
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
//3.转换
/*
转换方法：
writeValue(参数1，obj):
参数1：
File：将obj对象转换为JSON字符串，并保存到指定的文件中
Writer：将obj对象转换为JSON字符串，并将json数据填充到字符输出流中
OutputStream：将obj对象转换为JSON字符串，并将json数据填充到字节输出流中
writeValueAsString(obj):将对象转为json字符串
*/
String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(p);
//{"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":"男"}
//System.out.println(json);//{"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":"男"}
//writeValue，将数据写到d://a.txt文件中
//mapper.writeValue(new File("d://a.txt"),p);
//writeValue.将数据关联到Writer中
mapper.writeValue(new FileWriter("d://b.txt"),p);
}
@Test
public void test2() throws Exception {
//1.创建Person对象
Person p = new Person();
p.setName("张三");
p.setAge(23);
p.setGender("男");
p.setBirthday(new Date());
//2.转换
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(p);
System.out.println(json);//{"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":"男","birthday":1530958029263}
//{"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":"男","birthday":"2018-07-07"}
}
@Test
public void test3() throws Exception {
//1.创建Person对象
Person p = new Person();
p.setName("张三");
p.setAge(23);
p.setGender("男");
p.setBirthday(new Date());
Person p1 = new Person();
p1.setName("张三");
p1.setAge(23);
p1.setGender("男");
p1.setBirthday(new Date());
Person p2 = new Person();
p2.setName("张三");
p2.setAge(23);
p2.setGender("男");
p2.setBirthday(new Date());
//创建List集合
List<Person> ps = new ArrayList<Person>();
ps.add(p);
ps.add(p1);
ps.add(p2);
//2.转换
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(ps);
// [{},{},{}]
//[{"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":"男","birthday":"2018-07-07"},{"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":"男","birthday":"2018-07-07"},{"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":"男","birthday":"2018-07-07"}]
System.out.println(json);
}
@Test
public void test4() throws Exception {
//1.创建map对象
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
map.put("name","张三");
map.put("age",23);
map.put("gender","男");
//2.转换
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(map);
//{"name":"张三","age":23,"gender":"男"}
System.out.println(json);//{"gender":"男","name":"张三","age":23}
}
//演示 JSON字符串转为Java对象
@Test
public void test5() throws Exception {
//1.初始化JSON字符串
String json = "{\"gender\":\"男\",\"name\":\"张三\",\"age\":23}";
//2.创建ObjectMapper对象
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
//3.转换为Java对象 Person对象
Person person = mapper.readValue(json, Person.class);
System.out.println(person);
}
}
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